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fix(areal): implement info_print across the number systems (#1581)

* fix(areal): implement info_print across the number systems

info_print(x, printPrecision) returned the literal string "TBD" -- "tbd" for
ereal -- and ignored both of its arguments in nine number systems: areal,
cfloat, dbns, efloat, ereal, fixpnt, integer, lns and takum. It compiled, which
is why nothing flagged it.

Each one now reports a real decode in the shape posit's info_print established,
"raw: <encoding> <fields> : value <v>", built from the accessors that type's own
components()/pretty_print() already use:

  areal   sign, exponent, fraction, uncertainty bit, and the interval the ubit
          selects -- [v] when exact, (v, next) when uncertain
  cfloat  sign, exponent, fraction, the encoding class and scale, value through
          blocktriple::to_string so it stays exact past a double's range
  dbns    the two base exponents with their bases, which is what the encoding is
  fixpnt  the bits split at the radix point, and the arithmetic behaviour
  integer the encoding, the number type, and the exact decimal value
  lns     the integer and fractional halves of the fixed-point log2 exponent
  takum   direction, regime, characteristic and mantissa fields, and the scale
  efloat  limb count and binary scale: an adaptive type has no fixed layout
  ereal   the same, over its expansion limbs

The native IEEE-754 pretty_print and info_print were the same stub. The issue
counted nine because its survey covered only number/, but ReportFormats<Scalar>
is generic over the native types too, so they are fixed here as the tenth.

None of these render by streaming the value: every manipulator layer but ereal's
is forbidden to depend on iostream.hpp (#1334), which is why posit's info_print
lives in its iostream.hpp rather than beside the other string producers.

fixpnt and integer alone took no printPrecision. They take one now, so the
number systems present a single info_print signature;... (continued)

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