hydrologie / xhydro / 8253179421

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Adding first gis module to perform geospatial operations, notebook builds (#61)

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### Pull Request Checklist:
- [x] This PR addresses an already opened issue (for bug fixes /
features)
  - This PR fixes #60 
- [x] (If applicable) Documentation has been added / updated (for bug
fixes / features).
- [X] (If applicable) Tests have been added.
- [X] CHANGES.rst has been updated (with summary of main changes).
- [X] Link to issue (:issue:`number`) and pull request (:pull:`number`)
has been added.

### What kind of change does this PR introduce?
This PR adds a GIS module for usual geospatial operations that are
common in hydrology such a watershed delineation, watershed properties
extraction, etc. It adapts the work that's been done in
[ravenpy](https://ravenpy.readthedocs.io/) while also adding some new
functionalities.

**Watershed Delineation**

- [x] Support concurrent delineation of multiple watersheds
simultaneously.
- [X] Enable access to official watershed polygons
(shapefiles/geojson/geoparquet) from authoritative sources (DEH, HYDAT,
USGS, HQ, etc.) —implemented collaboratively with xdatasets.

**Physiographic Variable (or others) Extraction**

- [x] Support simultaneous extraction of physiographic variables across
multiple watersheds.
- [X] Facilitate the extraction of variables present in STAC catalogs
(e.g., Planetary Computer).
- [X] Implement extraction considering pixel weighting rather than an
"all_touched" approach, as this can significantly impact final results
—implemented collaboratively with xdatasets.

### Does this PR introduce a breaking change?
No

### Other information:
This PR also integrates the changes from #65 and #68

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