Qiskit / qiskit / 26228078972

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Add new multithreaded TwoQubitPeepholeOptimization pass (#13419)

* Add new multithreaded TwoQubitPeepholeOptimization pass

This commit adds a new transpiler pass for physical optimization,
TwoQubitPeepholeOptimization. This replaces the use of Collect2qBlocks,
ConsolidateBlocks, and UnitarySynthesis in the optimization stage for
a default pass manager setup. The pass logically works the same way
where it analyzes the dag to get a list of 2q runs, calculates the matrix
of each run, and then synthesizes the matrix and substitutes it inplace.
The distinction this pass makes though is it does this all in a single
pass and also parallelizes the matrix calculation and synthesis steps
because there is no data dependency there.

This new pass is not meant to fully replace the Collect2qBlocks,
ConsolidateBlocks, or UnitarySynthesis passes as those also run in
contexts where we don't have a physical circuit. This is meant instead
to replace their usage in the optimization stage only. Accordingly this
new pass also changes the logic on how we select the synthesis to use
and when to make a substituion. Previously this logic was primarily done
via the ConsolidateBlocks pass by only consolidating to a UnitaryGate if
the number of basis gates needed based on the weyl chamber coordinates
was less than the number of 2q gates in the block (see #11659 for
discussion on this). Since this new pass skips the explicit
consolidation stage we go ahead and try all the available synthesizers

Right now this commit has a number of limitations, the largest are:

- Only supports the target
- It doesn't support any synthesizers besides the TwoQubitBasisDecomposer,
  because it's the only one in rust currently.

For plugin handling I left the logic as running the three pass series,
but I'm not sure this is the behavior we want. We could say keep the
synthesis plugins for `UnitarySynthesis` only and then rely on our
built-in methods for physical optimiztion only. But this also seem... (continued)

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