1410

Committed 16 Jan 2026 12:27AM UTC coverage: 76.656% (-0.06%) from 76.712%

Build # 1410

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Test: improve `@test_warn` failure display (#60696)

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/stdlib/Markdown/src/render/html.jl

# This file is a part of Julia. License is MIT: https://julialang.org/license

include("rich.jl")

# Utils


# Handle URI encoding, poorly. The code here was initially copied from
# Base.Filesystem, then modified. The original code implements RFC3986 Section
# 2.1 and 2.2.
#
# We changed encode_uri_component to not encode characters declared as
# "reserved" by RFC3986 Section 2.2 (i.e., those from the gen-delims and
# sub-delims sets). Instead the user is expected to percent encode these (or
# not) as needed -- the alternative would be implement full URI parsing, which
# is non-trivial. That said, it would be better to do that, by e.g. using the
# URIs.jl package, but that is not an option for us, as it is not a stdlib...
#
# As a special affordance, we deviate from the "reserved" list in one way: we
# do *not* exclude '[' and ']' from percent encoding, even though they are in
# the gen-delims set. They are only used to encode IPv6 literal addresses in
# the URI, which is (still) rare. But they do occur in query strings and
# indeed in the CommonMark spec tests.

percent_escape(s) = '%' * join(map(b -> uppercase(string(b, base=16)), codeunits(s)), '%')
encode_uri_component(s::AbstractString) = replace(s, r"[^A-Za-z0-9\-_.~/:?#@!$&'()*+,;=]+" => percent_escape)
encode_uri_component(s::Symbol) = encode_uri_component(string(s))

function withtag(f, io::IO, tag, attrs...)
    print(io, "<$tag")
    for (attr, value) in attrs
        print(io, " ", attr, "=\"")
        htmlesc(io, value)
        print(io, "\"")
    end
    f === nothing && return print(io, " />")

    print(io, ">")
    f()
    print(io, "</$tag>")
end

tag(io::IO, tag, attrs...) = withtag(nothing, io, tag, attrs...)

function htmlesc(io::IO, s::AbstractString)
    replace(io, s, '<'=>"&lt;", '>'=>"&gt;", '"'=>"&quot;", '&'=>"&amp;")
end
function htmlesc(io::IO, s::Symbol)
    htmlesc(io, string(s))
end
function htmlesc(io::IO, xs::Union{AbstractString,Symbol}...)
    for s in xs
        htmlesc(io, s)
    end
end
function htmlesc(s::Union{AbstractString,Symbol})
    sprint(htmlesc, s)
end

# Block elements

function html(io::IO, content::Vector)
    for md in content
        html(io, md)
        println(io)
    end
end

html(io::IO, md::MD) = html(io, md.content)

function html(io::IO, header::Header{l}) where l
    withtag(io, "h$l") do
        htmlinline(io, header.text)
    end
end

function html(io::IO, code′::Code)
    if code′.language == "styled"
        code′ = Code("", String(styled(code′.code)))
    end
    code = code′
    withtag(io, :pre) do
        maybe_lang = !isempty(code.language) ? Any[:class=>"language-$(code.language)"] : []
        withtag(io, :code, maybe_lang...) do
            htmlesc(io, code.code)
            !isempty(code.code) && println(io)
        end
    end
end

function html(io::IO, md::Paragraph)
    withtag(io, :p) do
        htmlinline(io, md.content)
    end
end

function html(io::IO, md::HTML)
    for line in md.content[1:end-1]
        println(io, line)
    end
    print(io, md.content[end])
end

function html(io::IO, md::BlockQuote)
    withtag(io, :blockquote) do
        println(io)
        html(io, md.content)
    end
end

function html(io::IO, f::Footnote)
    withtag(io, :div, :class => "footnote", :id => "footnote-$(f.id)") do
        withtag(io, :p, :class => "footnote-title") do
            print(io, f.id)
        end
        html(io, f.text)
    end
end

function html(io::IO, md::Admonition)
    withtag(io, :div, :class => "admonition $(md.category)") do
        withtag(io, :p, :class => "admonition-title") do
            print(io, md.title)
        end
        html(io, md.content)
    end
end

function html(io::IO, md::List)
    maybe_attr = md.ordered > 1 ? Any[:start => string(md.ordered)] : []
    withtag(io, isordered(md) ? :ol : :ul, maybe_attr...) do
        for item in md.items
            println(io)
            withtag(io, :li) do
                if md.loose
                    println(io)
                    html(io, item)
                else
                    htmltight(io, item)
                end
            end
        end
        println(io)
    end
end

htmltight(io::IO, md) = html(io, md)
htmltight(io::IO, md::Paragraph) = htmlinline(io, md.content)
function htmltight(io::IO, content::Vector)
    for md in content
        htmltight(io, md)
    end
end

function html(io::IO, md::HorizontalRule)
    tag(io, :hr)
end

html(io::IO, x) = tohtml(io, x)

# Inline elements

function htmlinline(io::IO, content::Vector)
    for x in content
        htmlinline(io, x)
    end
end

function htmlinline(io::IO, code′::Code)
    if code′.language == "styled"
        code′ = Code("", String(styled(code′.code)))
    end
    code = code′
    withtag(io, :code) do
        htmlesc(io, code.code)
    end
end

function htmlinline(io::IO, md::Union{Symbol,AbstractString})
    htmlesc(io, md)
end

function htmlinline(io::IO, md::Bold)
    withtag(io, :strong) do
        htmlinline(io, md.text)
    end
end

function htmlinline(io::IO, md::Italic)
    withtag(io, :em) do
        htmlinline(io, md.text)
    end
end

function htmlinline(io::IO, md::Strikethrough)
    withtag(io, :s) do
        htmlinline(io, md.text)
    end
end

function htmlinline(io::IO, md::Image)
    tag(io, :img, :src=>encode_uri_component(md.url), :alt=>md.alt)
end


function htmlinline(io::IO, f::Footnote)
    withtag(io, :a, :href => "#footnote-$(f.id)", :class => "footnote") do
        print(io, "[", f.id, "]")
    end
end

function htmlinline(io::IO, link::Link)
    withtag(io, :a, :href=>encode_uri_component(link.url)) do
        htmlinline(io, link.text)
    end
end

function htmlinline(io::IO, br::LineBreak)
    tag(io, :br)
    println(io)
end

htmlinline(io::IO, x) = tohtml(io, x)

# API

export html

"""
    html([io::IO], md)

Output the contents of the Markdown object `md` in HTML format, either
writing to an (optional) `io` stream or returning a string.

One can alternatively use `show(io, "text/html", md)` or `repr("text/html", md)`, which
differ in that they wrap the output in a `<div class="markdown"> ... </div>` element.

# Examples
```jldoctest
julia> html(md"hello _world_")
"<p>hello <em>world</em></p>\\n"
```
"""
html(md) = sprint(html, md)

function show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", md::MD)
    withtag(io, :div, :class=>"markdown") do
        html(io, md)
    end
end

1	# This file is a part of Julia. License is MIT: https://julialang.org/license
2
3	include("rich.jl")
4
5	# Utils
6
7
8	# Handle URI encoding, poorly. The code here was initially copied from
9	# Base.Filesystem, then modified. The original code implements RFC3986 Section
10	# 2.1 and 2.2.
11	#
12	# We changed encode_uri_component to not encode characters declared as
13	# "reserved" by RFC3986 Section 2.2 (i.e., those from the gen-delims and
14	# sub-delims sets). Instead the user is expected to percent encode these (or
15	# not) as needed -- the alternative would be implement full URI parsing, which
16	# is non-trivial. That said, it would be better to do that, by e.g. using the
17	# URIs.jl package, but that is not an option for us, as it is not a stdlib...
18	#
19	# As a special affordance, we deviate from the "reserved" list in one way: we
20	# do not exclude '[' and ']' from percent encoding, even though they are in
21	# the gen-delims set. They are only used to encode IPv6 literal addresses in
22	# the URI, which is (still) rare. But they do occur in query strings and
23	# indeed in the CommonMark spec tests.
24
25	percent_escape(s) = '%' * join(map(b -> uppercase(string(b, base=16)), codeunits(s)), '%')	3,771✔
26	encode_uri_component(s::AbstractString) = replace(s, r"[^A-Za-z0-9\-_.~/:?#@!$&'()*+,;=]+" => percent_escape)	2,028✔
27	encode_uri_component(s::Symbol) = encode_uri_component(string(s))	×
28
29	function withtag(f, io::IO, tag, attrs...)	41,628✔
30	print(io, "<$tag")	42,834✔
31	for (attr, value) in attrs	42,834✔
32	print(io, " ", attr, "=\"")	3,003✔
33	htmlesc(io, value)	3,165✔
34	print(io, "\"")	3,003✔
35	end	3,297✔
36	f === nothing && return print(io, " />")	42,834✔
37
38	print(io, ">")	41,358✔
39	f()	46,395✔
40	print(io, "</$tag>")	41,358✔
41	end
42
43	tag(io::IO, tag, attrs...) = withtag(nothing, io, tag, attrs...)	1,476✔
44
45	function htmlesc(io::IO, s::AbstractString)
46	replace(io, s, '<'=>"<", '>'=>">", '"'=>""", '&'=>"&")	36,945✔
47	end
48	function htmlesc(io::IO, s::Symbol)	9✔
49	htmlesc(io, string(s))	9✔
50	end
51	function htmlesc(io::IO, xs::Union{AbstractString,Symbol}...)	×
52	for s in xs	×
53	htmlesc(io, s)	×
54	end	×
55	end
56	function htmlesc(s::Union{AbstractString,Symbol})	×
57	sprint(htmlesc, s)	×
58	end
59
60	# Block elements
61
62	function html(io::IO, content::Vector)	21,453✔
63	for md in content	21,453✔
64	html(io, md)	29,610✔
65	println(io)	29,610✔
66	end	29,610✔
67	end
68
69	html(io::IO, md::MD) = html(io, md.content)	18,075✔
70
71	function html(io::IO, header::Header{l}) where l	1,518✔
72	withtag(io, "h$l") do	1,554✔
73	htmlinline(io, header.text)	1,554✔
74	end
75	end
76
77	function html(io::IO, code′::Code)	2,061✔
78	if code′.language == "styled"	2,061✔
79	code′ = Code("", String(styled(code′.code)))	×
80	end
81	code = code′	2,061✔
82	withtag(io, :pre) do	2,061✔
83	maybe_lang = !isempty(code.language) ? Any[:class=>"language-$(code.language)"] : []	3,951✔
84	withtag(io, :code, maybe_lang...) do	2,061✔
85	htmlesc(io, code.code)	2,382✔
86	!isempty(code.code) && println(io)	2,061✔
87	end
88	end
89	end
90
91	function html(io::IO, md::Paragraph)	19,284✔
92	withtag(io, :p) do	19,284✔
93	htmlinline(io, md.content)	19,284✔
94	end
95	end
96
97	function html(io::IO, md::HTML)	1,512✔
98	for line in md.content[1:end-1]	1,512✔
99	println(io, line)	2,322✔
100	end	2,322✔
101	print(io, md.content[end])	1,512✔
102	end
103
104	function html(io::IO, md::BlockQuote)	1,461✔
105	withtag(io, :blockquote) do	1,551✔
106	println(io)	1,551✔
107	html(io, md.content)	1,551✔
108	end
109	end
110
111	function html(io::IO, f::Footnote)	12✔
112	withtag(io, :div, :class => "footnote", :id => "footnote-$(f.id)") do	12✔
113	withtag(io, :p, :class => "footnote-title") do	12✔
114	print(io, f.id)	12✔
115	end
116	html(io, f.text)	12✔
117	end
118	end
119
120	function html(io::IO, md::Admonition)	15✔
121	withtag(io, :div, :class => "admonition $(md.category)") do	15✔
122	withtag(io, :p, :class => "admonition-title") do	15✔
123	print(io, md.title)	15✔
124	end
125	html(io, md.content)	15✔
126	end
127	end
128
129	function html(io::IO, md::List)	2,688✔
130	maybe_attr = md.ordered > 1 ? Any[:start => string(md.ordered)] : []	5,877✔
131	withtag(io, isordered(md) ? :ol : :ul, maybe_attr...) do	3,084✔
132	for item in md.items	3,084✔
133	println(io)	4,476✔
134	withtag(io, :li) do	8,952✔
135	if md.loose	4,476✔
136	println(io)	1,800✔
137	html(io, item)	1,800✔
138	else
139	htmltight(io, item)	2,676✔
140	end
141	end
142	end	4,476✔
143	println(io)	3,084✔
144	end
145	end
146
147	htmltight(io::IO, md) = html(io, md)	621✔
148	htmltight(io::IO, md::Paragraph) = htmlinline(io, md.content)	2,199✔
149	function htmltight(io::IO, content::Vector)	2,676✔
150	for md in content	2,676✔
151	htmltight(io, md)	3,441✔
152	end	2,820✔
153	end
154
155	function html(io::IO, md::HorizontalRule)	1,014✔
156	tag(io, :hr)	1,041✔
157	end
158
159	html(io::IO, x) = tohtml(io, x)	39✔
160
161	# Inline elements
162
163	function htmlinline(io::IO, content::Vector)	28,758✔
164	for x in content	28,758✔
165	htmlinline(io, x)	37,263✔
166	end	37,263✔
167	end
168
169	function htmlinline(io::IO, code′::Code)	1,074✔
170	if code′.language == "styled"	1,074✔
UNCOV 171	code′ = Code("", String(styled(code′.code)))	×
172	end
173	code = code′	1,074✔
174	withtag(io, :code) do	1,074✔
175	htmlesc(io, code.code)	1,191✔
176	end
177	end
178
179	function htmlinline(io::IO, md::Union{Symbol,AbstractString})	29,874✔
180	htmlesc(io, md)	29,925✔
181	end
182
183	function htmlinline(io::IO, md::Bold)	1,296✔
184	withtag(io, :strong) do	1,296✔
185	htmlinline(io, md.text)	1,296✔
186	end
187	end
188
189	function htmlinline(io::IO, md::Italic)	2,829✔
190	withtag(io, :em) do	2,829✔
191	htmlinline(io, md.text)	2,829✔
192	end
193	end
194
195	function htmlinline(io::IO, md::Strikethrough)	18✔
196	withtag(io, :s) do	18✔
197	htmlinline(io, md.text)	18✔
198	end
199	end
200
201	function htmlinline(io::IO, md::Image)	270✔
202	tag(io, :img, :src=>encode_uri_component(md.url), :alt=>md.alt)	270✔
203	end
204
205
206	function htmlinline(io::IO, f::Footnote)	12✔
207	withtag(io, :a, :href => "#footnote-$(f.id)", :class => "footnote") do	12✔
208	print(io, "[", f.id, "]")	12✔
209	end
210	end
211
212	function htmlinline(io::IO, link::Link)	1,758✔
213	withtag(io, :a, :href=>encode_uri_component(link.url)) do	1,758✔
214	htmlinline(io, link.text)	1,758✔
215	end
216	end
217
218	function htmlinline(io::IO, br::LineBreak)	165✔
219	tag(io, :br)	165✔
220	println(io)	165✔
221	end
222
223	htmlinline(io::IO, x) = tohtml(io, x)	243✔
224
225	# API
226
227	export html
228
229	"""
230	html([io::IO], md)
231
232	Output the contents of the Markdown object `md` in HTML format, either
233	writing to an (optional) `io` stream or returning a string.
234
235	One can alternatively use `show(io, "text/html", md)` or `repr("text/html", md)`, which
236	differ in that they wrap the output in a `<div class="markdown"> ... </div>` element.
237
238	# Examples
239	```jldoctest
240	julia> html(md"hello _world_")
241	"<p>hello <em>world</em></p>\\n"
242	```
243	"""
244	html(md) = sprint(html, md)	11,994✔
245
246	function show(io::IO, ::MIME"text/html", md::MD)	3✔
247	withtag(io, :div, :class=>"markdown") do	3✔
248	html(io, md)	3✔
249	end
250	end

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