#5010

Committed 29 Mar 2026 04:32AM UTC coverage: 72.292% (+0.03%) from 72.26%

Build # #5010

Build Type

push

travis-ci

Committed by

web-flow

Commit Message

refactor: do some internal refactor for TDgpt. (#34955)

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253774 of 351039 relevant lines covered (72.29%)

133420324.04 hits per line

Source File
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83.78

/source/libs/command/src/explain.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2019 TAOS Data, Inc. <jhtao@taosdata.com>
 *
 * This program is free software: you can use, redistribute, and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3
 * or later ("AGPL"), as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

// clang-format off
#include "commandInt.h"
#include "plannodes.h"
#include "query.h"
#include "taoserror.h"
#include "tcommon.h"
#include "tdatablock.h"
#include "systable.h"
#include "functionMgt.h"
#include "tmsg.h"
#include "ttime.h"
#include "tutil.h"

char *gJoinTypeStr[JOIN_TYPE_MAX_VALUE][JOIN_STYPE_MAX_VALUE] = {
           /* NONE                OUTER                  SEMI                  ANTI                   ASOF                   WINDOW */
/*INNER*/  {"Inner Join",         NULL,                  NULL,                 NULL,                  NULL,                  NULL},
/*LEFT*/   {"Left Join",          "Left Join",           "Left Semi Join",     "Left Anti Join",      "Left ASOF Join",      "Left Window Join"},
/*RIGHT*/  {"Right Join",         "Right Join",          "Right Semi Join",    "Right Anti Join",     "Right ASOF Join",     "Right Window Join"},
/*FULL*/   {"Full Join",          "Full Join",           NULL,                 NULL,                  NULL,                  NULL},
};

static int32_t qExplainGenerateResNode(SSubplan *plan, SPhysiNode *pNode, SExplainGroup *group, SExplainResNode **pResNode);
static int32_t qExplainAppendGroupResRows(void *pCtx, int32_t groupId, int32_t *level, bool singleChannel);
static int32_t qExplainAppendGroupResRowsByVgIds(void *pCtx, int32_t groupId, int32_t *level,
                                                 bool grpSingleChannel, const SArray* pVgIds);

/*
 * Convert dynamic-query control type to a printable explain label.
 *
 * @param pDyn Dynamic-query control physical node, can be NULL.
 *
 * @return Static string for explain output, or "unknown task" when type is unknown.
 */
char* qExplainGetDynQryCtrlType(const SDynQueryCtrlPhysiNode* pDyn) {
  if (NULL == pDyn) {
    return "unknown task";
  }

  switch (pDyn->qType) {
    case DYN_QTYPE_STB_HASH:
      return "STable Join";
    case DYN_QTYPE_VTB_SCAN:
      return "Virtual Stable Scan";
    case DYN_QTYPE_VTB_WINDOW:
      return "Virtual Table Window";
    case DYN_QTYPE_VTB_INTERVAL:
      return "Virtual Stable Interval";
    case DYN_QTYPE_VTB_AGG:
      return "Virtual Stable Agg";
    case DYN_QTYPE_VTB_TS_SCAN:
      return "Virtual Stable Ts Scan";
    default:
      break;
  }

  return "unknown task";
}

char* qExplainGetAsofOpStr(int32_t opType) {
  switch (opType) {
    case OP_TYPE_GREATER_THAN:
      return ">";
    case OP_TYPE_GREATER_EQUAL:
      return ">=";
    case OP_TYPE_LOWER_THAN:
      return "<";
    case OP_TYPE_LOWER_EQUAL:
      return "<=";
    case OP_TYPE_EQUAL:
      return "=";
    default:
      return "UNKNOWN";
  }
}

char* qExplainGetTimerangeTargetStr(int32_t target) {
  static char* targetName[] = {"", "Left", "Right", "Left/Right"};
  if (target <= 0 || target > 3) {
    return "Unknown";
  }

  return targetName[target];
}

static bool qExplainRspMatchVgIds(const SExplainRsp* pRsp, const SArray* pVgIds) {
  if (NULL == pRsp || NULL == pVgIds || pRsp->numOfPlans <= 0 ||
      NULL == pRsp->subplanInfo) {
    return false;
  }

  int32_t vgCnt = (int32_t)taosArrayGetSize(pVgIds);
  for (int32_t subplanIdx = 0; subplanIdx < pRsp->numOfPlans; ++subplanIdx) {
    int32_t rspVgId = pRsp->subplanInfo[subplanIdx].vgId;
    for (int32_t vgIdx = 0; vgIdx < vgCnt; ++vgIdx) {
      const int32_t* pCurr = taosArrayGet(pVgIds, vgIdx);
      if (pCurr && *pCurr == rspVgId) {
        return true;
      }
    }
  }

  return false;
}

void qExplainFreeResNode(SExplainResNode *resNode) {
  if (NULL == resNode) {
    return;
  }

  taosArrayDestroy(resNode->pExecInfo);

  SNode *node = NULL;
  FOREACH(node, resNode->pChildren) { qExplainFreeResNode((SExplainResNode *)node); }
  nodesClearList(resNode->pChildren);

  taosMemoryFreeClear(resNode);
}

void qExplainFreePlanCtx(SExplainPlanCtx* pCtx, bool isAnalyze) {
  if (isAnalyze && pCtx->groupHash) {
    void *pIter = taosHashIterate(pCtx->groupHash, NULL);
    while (pIter) {
      SExplainGroup *group = (SExplainGroup *)pIter;
      if (group->nodeExecInfo) {
        int32_t num = taosArrayGetSize(group->nodeExecInfo);
        for (int32_t i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
          SExplainRsp *rsp = taosArrayGet(group->nodeExecInfo, i);
          tFreeSExplainRsp(rsp);
        }
        taosArrayDestroy(group->nodeExecInfo);
      }

      pIter = taosHashIterate(pCtx->groupHash, pIter);
    }
  }

  taosHashCleanup(pCtx->groupHash);
}

void qExplainFreeCtx(SExplainCtx *pCtx) {
  if (NULL == pCtx) {
    return;
  }

  int32_t rowSize = taosArrayGetSize(pCtx->rows);
  for (int32_t i = 0; i < rowSize; ++i) {
    SQueryExplainRowInfo *row = taosArrayGet(pCtx->rows, i);
    taosMemoryFreeClear(row->buf);
  }

  qExplainFreePlanCtx(&pCtx->planCtx, EXPLAIN_MODE_ANALYZE == pCtx->mode);
  if (pCtx->subPlanCtxs) {
    int32_t subNum = taosArrayGetSize(pCtx->subPlanCtxs);
    for (int32_t i = 0; i < subNum; ++i) {
      SExplainPlanCtx *pSub = taosArrayGet(pCtx->subPlanCtxs, i);
      qExplainFreePlanCtx(pSub, EXPLAIN_MODE_ANALYZE == pCtx->mode);
    }
    taosArrayDestroy(pCtx->subPlanCtxs);
  }

  taosArrayDestroy(pCtx->rows);
  taosMemoryFreeClear(pCtx->tbuf);
  taosMemoryFree(pCtx);
}

static int32_t qExplainInitCtx(SExplainCtx **pCtx, bool verbose, double ratio, EExplainMode mode) {
  int32_t      code = 0;
  SExplainCtx *ctx = taosMemoryCalloc(1, sizeof(SExplainCtx));
  if (NULL == ctx) {
    qError("calloc SExplainCtx failed");
    QRY_ERR_JRET(terrno);
  }

  SArray *rows = taosArrayInit(10, sizeof(SQueryExplainRowInfo));
  if (NULL == rows) {
    qError("taosArrayInit SQueryExplainRowInfo failed");
    QRY_ERR_JRET(terrno);
  }

  char *tbuf = taosMemoryMalloc(TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE);
  if (NULL == tbuf) {
    qError("malloc size %d failed", TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE);
    QRY_ERR_JRET(terrno);
  }

  ctx->mode = mode;
  ctx->verbose = verbose;
  ctx->ratio = ratio;
  ctx->tbuf = tbuf;
  ctx->rows = rows;

  *pCtx = ctx;

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;

_return:

  taosArrayDestroy(rows);
  taosMemoryFree(ctx);

  QRY_RET(code);
}

static int32_t qExplainGenerateResChildren(SSubplan *plan, SPhysiNode *pNode, SExplainGroup *group, SNodeList **pChildren) {
  int32_t    tlen = 0;
  SNodeList *pPhysiChildren = pNode->pChildren;

  if (pPhysiChildren) {
    int32_t code = nodesMakeList(pChildren);
    if (NULL == *pChildren) {
      qError("nodesMakeList failed");
      QRY_ERR_RET(code);
    }
  }

  SNode           *node = NULL;
  SExplainResNode *pResNode = NULL;
  FOREACH(node, pPhysiChildren) {
    QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainGenerateResNode(plan, (SPhysiNode *)node, group, &pResNode));
    QRY_ERR_RET(nodesListAppend(*pChildren, (SNode *)pResNode));
  }

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

static int32_t qExplainGenerateResNodeExecInfo(SPhysiNode *pNode, SArray **pExecInfo, SExplainGroup *group) {
  *pExecInfo = taosArrayInit(group->nodeNum, sizeof(SExplainExecInfo));
  if (NULL == (*pExecInfo)) {
    qError("taosArrayInit %d explainExecInfo failed", group->nodeNum);
    return terrno;
  }

  SExplainRsp *rsp = NULL;
  if (group->singleChannel) {
    if (0 == group->physiPlanExecIdx) {
      group->nodeIdx = 0;
    }

    rsp = taosArrayGet(group->nodeExecInfo, group->nodeIdx++);
    if (group->physiPlanExecIdx >= rsp->numOfPlans) {
      qError("physiPlanIdx %d exceed plan num %d", group->physiPlanExecIdx, rsp->numOfPlans);
      return TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR;
    }

    if(taosArrayPush(*pExecInfo, rsp->subplanInfo + group->physiPlanExecIdx) == NULL) return terrno;
  } else {
    for (int32_t i = 0; i < group->nodeNum; ++i) {
      rsp = taosArrayGet(group->nodeExecInfo, i);
      if (group->physiPlanExecIdx >= rsp->numOfPlans) {
        qError("physiPlanIdx %d exceed plan num %d", group->physiPlanExecIdx, rsp->numOfPlans);
        return TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR;
      }

      if(taosArrayPush(*pExecInfo, rsp->subplanInfo + group->physiPlanExecIdx) == NULL) return terrno;
    }
  }

  ++group->physiPlanExecIdx;

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

static int32_t qExplainGenerateResNode(SSubplan *plan, SPhysiNode *pNode, SExplainGroup *group, SExplainResNode **pResNode) {
  if (NULL == pNode) {
    *pResNode = NULL;
    qError("physical node is NULL");
    return TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR;
  }

  SExplainResNode *resNode = taosMemoryCalloc(1, sizeof(SExplainResNode));
  if (NULL == resNode) {
    qError("calloc SPhysiNodeExplainRes failed");
    return terrno;
  }

  int32_t code = 0;
  resNode->pNode = pNode;
  resNode->pPlan = plan;

  if (group->nodeExecInfo) {
    QRY_ERR_JRET(qExplainGenerateResNodeExecInfo(pNode, &resNode->pExecInfo, group));
  }

  QRY_ERR_JRET(qExplainGenerateResChildren(plan, pNode, group, &resNode->pChildren));

  *pResNode = resNode;

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;

_return:

  qExplainFreeResNode(resNode);

  QRY_RET(code);
}

static int32_t qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(SArray *pExecInfo, char *tbuf,
                                         int32_t *len, double* filterEfficiency) {
  int32_t          tlen = *len;
  size_t           nodeNum = taosArrayGetSize(pExecInfo);  // num of total nodes
  size_t           numNoData = 0;  // num of nodes with no data
  SExplainExecInfo execInfo = {0};
  SExplainExecInfo maxExecInfo = {0};

  for (int32_t i = 0; i < nodeNum; ++i) {
    const SExplainExecInfo *pExec = taosArrayGet(pExecInfo, i);
    execInfo.execFirstRow += pExec->execFirstRow;
    execInfo.execLastRow += pExec->execLastRow;
    execInfo.numOfRows += pExec->numOfRows;
    execInfo.inputRows += pExec->inputRows;

    maxExecInfo.execFirstRow = TMAX(maxExecInfo.execFirstRow, pExec->execFirstRow);
    maxExecInfo.execLastRow = TMAX(maxExecInfo.execLastRow, pExec->execLastRow);
    maxExecInfo.numOfRows = TMAX(maxExecInfo.numOfRows, pExec->numOfRows);
  }
  *filterEfficiency = execInfo.inputRows > 0 ?
                      (double)execInfo.numOfRows * 100.0 / (double)execInfo.inputRows : 100.0;

  if (nodeNum == 1 || numNoData == nodeNum) {
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_EXECINFO_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.execFirstRow),
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.execLastRow), execInfo.numOfRows);
  } else if (nodeNum > 1) {
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_EXECINFO_FORMAT_EXT,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.execFirstRow) / nodeNum,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(maxExecInfo.execFirstRow),
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.execLastRow) / nodeNum,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(maxExecInfo.execLastRow),
                       (double)execInfo.numOfRows / nodeNum,
                       maxExecInfo.numOfRows);
  }

  *len = tlen;
  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

static int32_t qExplainResAppendRow(SExplainCtx *ctx, char *tbuf, int32_t len, int32_t level) {
  SQueryExplainRowInfo row = {0};
  row.buf = taosMemoryMalloc(len);
  if (NULL == row.buf) {
    qError("taosMemoryMalloc %d failed", len);
    QRY_ERR_RET(terrno);
  }

  memcpy(row.buf, tbuf, len);
  row.level = level;
  row.len = len;
  ctx->dataSize += row.len;

  if (NULL == taosArrayPush(ctx->rows, &row)) {
    qError("taosArrayPush row to explain res rows failed");
    taosMemoryFree(row.buf);
    QRY_ERR_RET(terrno);
  }

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

static int32_t qExplainAppendFilterRow(SExplainCtx *ctx, int32_t level,
                                       SNode *pConditions, int32_t *pLen,
                                       const double *pFilterEfficiency) {
  if (NULL == pConditions) {
    return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
  }

  int32_t tlen = *pLen;
  char   *tbuf = ctx->tbuf;
  bool    isVerboseLine = true;

  EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_FILTER_FORMAT);
  EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FILTER_CONDITIONS_FORMAT);
  QRY_ERR_RET(nodesNodeToSQL(pConditions, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE,
                             TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
  if (pFilterEfficiency != NULL) {
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FILTER_EFFICIENCY_FORMAT, *pFilterEfficiency);
  }
  EXPLAIN_ROW_END();

  *pLen = tlen;
  return qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1);
}

static uint8_t qExplainGetIntervalPrecision(SIntervalPhysiNode *pIntNode) {
  return ((SColumnNode *)pIntNode->window.pTspk)->node.resType.precision;
}

static char* qExplainGetScanMode(STableScanPhysiNode* pScan) {
  bool isGroupByTbname = false;
  bool isGroupByTag = false;
  bool seq = false;
  bool groupOrder = false;
  if (pScan->pGroupTags && LIST_LENGTH(pScan->pGroupTags) == 1) {
    SNode* p = nodesListGetNode(pScan->pGroupTags, 0);
    if (QUERY_NODE_FUNCTION == nodeType(p) && (strcmp(((struct SFunctionNode*)p)->functionName, "tbname") == 0)) {
      isGroupByTbname = true;
    }
  }

  isGroupByTag = (NULL != pScan->pGroupTags) && !isGroupByTbname;
  if ((((!isGroupByTag) || isGroupByTbname) && pScan->groupSort) || (isGroupByTag && (pScan->groupSort || pScan->scan.groupOrderScan))) {
    return "seq_grp_order";
  }

  if ((isGroupByTbname && (pScan->groupSort || pScan->scan.groupOrderScan)) || (isGroupByTag && (pScan->groupSort || pScan->scan.groupOrderScan))) {
    return "grp_order";
  }

  return "ts_order";
}

static char* qExplainGetScanDataLoad(STableScanPhysiNode* pScan) {
  switch (pScan->dataRequired) {
    case FUNC_DATA_REQUIRED_DATA_LOAD:
      return "data";
    case FUNC_DATA_REQUIRED_SMA_LOAD:
      return "sma";
    case FUNC_DATA_REQUIRED_NOT_LOAD:
      return "no";
    default:
      break;
  }

  return "unknown";
}

static EDealRes qExplainVerifyIndex(SNode* pNode, void* pContext) {
  if (NULL == pNode) {
    return DEAL_RES_CONTINUE;
  }

  switch (nodeType(pNode)) {
    case QUERY_NODE_COLUMN:
    case QUERY_NODE_VALUE:
    case QUERY_NODE_LOGIC_CONDITION:
    case QUERY_NODE_NODE_LIST:
      break;
    case QUERY_NODE_OPERATOR: {
      SOperatorNode* pOp = (SOperatorNode*)pNode;
      if ((pOp->opType >= OP_TYPE_GREATER_THAN && pOp->opType <= OP_TYPE_EQUAL) || (OP_TYPE_IN == pOp->opType)) {
        break;
      }
      // fall through
    }
    default:
      *(bool*)pContext = false;
      return DEAL_RES_END;
  }

  return DEAL_RES_CONTINUE;
}

static bool qExplainCouldApplyTagIndex(SSubplan* pPlan) {
  if (NULL == pPlan->pTagIndexCond) {
    return false;
  }

  bool couldApply = true;
  nodesWalkExpr(pPlan->pTagIndexCond, qExplainVerifyIndex, &couldApply);

  return couldApply;
}

/**
 @brief Compare the execution time of two explain execution information
 by execElapsed in ascending order.
*/
static int32_t compareExecInfo(const void* p1, const void* p2) {
  const SExplainExecInfo* p11 = (const SExplainExecInfo*)p1;
  const SExplainExecInfo* p22 = (const SExplainExecInfo*)p2;

  return p11->execElapsed <= p22->execElapsed ? -1 : 1;
}

static int32_t qExplainExecAnalyze(const SExplainResNode *pResNode,
                                   SExplainCtx *ctx, int32_t level) {
  if (NULL == pResNode || NULL == pResNode->pExecInfo ||
      taosArrayGetSize(pResNode->pExecInfo) == 0) {
    return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
  }

  bool    isVerboseLine = true;
  char   *tbuf = ctx->tbuf;
  int32_t tlen = 0;
  char    createAvgTs[32] = {0}; // 32 is enough for formatted ts: "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.ffffff"
  char    createMaxTs[32] = {0};
  EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_EXEC_COST_FORMAT);

  int32_t nodeNum = (int32_t)taosArrayGetSize(pResNode->pExecInfo);
  SExplainExecInfo execInfo = {0};
  SExplainExecInfo maxExecInfo = {0};
  maxExecInfo.execCreate = INT64_MIN;
  maxExecInfo.execStart = INT64_MIN;

  for (int32_t i = 0; i < nodeNum; ++i) {
    const SExplainExecInfo *pExecInfo = taosArrayGet(pResNode->pExecInfo, i);
    if (pExecInfo == NULL) {
      qError("%s failed at line %d, execInfo is NULL",
             __func__, __LINE__);
      return TSDB_CODE_INVALID_PARA;
    }
    execInfo.execElapsed += pExecInfo->execElapsed;
    execInfo.execCreate += pExecInfo->execCreate;
    execInfo.execStart += pExecInfo->execStart;
    execInfo.execTimes += pExecInfo->execTimes;
    execInfo.inputWaitElapsed += pExecInfo->inputWaitElapsed;
    execInfo.outputWaitElapsed += pExecInfo->outputWaitElapsed;

    maxExecInfo.execElapsed = TMAX(maxExecInfo.execElapsed, pExecInfo->execElapsed);
    maxExecInfo.execCreate = TMAX(maxExecInfo.execCreate, pExecInfo->execCreate);
    maxExecInfo.execStart = TMAX(maxExecInfo.execStart, pExecInfo->execStart);
    maxExecInfo.execTimes = TMAX(maxExecInfo.execTimes, pExecInfo->execTimes);
    maxExecInfo.inputWaitElapsed = TMAX(maxExecInfo.inputWaitElapsed, pExecInfo->inputWaitElapsed);
    maxExecInfo.outputWaitElapsed = TMAX(maxExecInfo.outputWaitElapsed, pExecInfo->outputWaitElapsed);
  }

  if (nodeNum == 1) {
    if (formatTimestampLocal(createAvgTs, sizeof(createAvgTs), execInfo.execCreate,
                             TSDB_TIME_PRECISION_MICRO) == NULL) {
      /*
        If formatTimestampLocal fails, set the first char to '\0' to ensure
        createAvgTs is an empty string to avoid using uninitialized data.
      */
      createAvgTs[0] = '\0';
    }
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COMPUTE_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.execElapsed));
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_CREATE_TIME_FORMAT, createAvgTs);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_START_FORMAT,
                       execInfo.execTimes > 0 ? EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.execStart) : 0.0);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_TIMES_FORMAT, (int64_t)execInfo.execTimes);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_WAIT_ELAPSED_FORMAT,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.inputWaitElapsed));
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_WAIT_ELAPSED_FORMAT,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.outputWaitElapsed));
  } else if (nodeNum > 1) {
    int64_t createAvgUs = execInfo.execCreate / nodeNum;
    int64_t createMaxUs = maxExecInfo.execCreate;
    if (formatTimestampLocal(createAvgTs, sizeof(createAvgTs), createAvgUs,
                             TSDB_TIME_PRECISION_MICRO) == NULL) {
      createAvgTs[0] = '\0';
    }
    if (formatTimestampLocal(createMaxTs, sizeof(createMaxTs), createMaxUs,
                             TSDB_TIME_PRECISION_MICRO) == NULL) {
      createMaxTs[0] = '\0';
    }
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COMPUTE_FORMAT_EXT,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.execElapsed) / nodeNum,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(maxExecInfo.execElapsed));
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_CREATE_TIME_FORMAT_EXT, createAvgTs, createMaxTs);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_START_FORMAT_EXT,
                       execInfo.execTimes > 0 ? EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.execStart) / nodeNum : 0.0,
                       maxExecInfo.execTimes > 0 ? EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(maxExecInfo.execStart) : 0.0);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_TIMES_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)execInfo.execTimes / nodeNum, (int64_t)maxExecInfo.execTimes);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_WAIT_ELAPSED_FORMAT_EXT,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.inputWaitElapsed) / nodeNum,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(maxExecInfo.inputWaitElapsed));
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_WAIT_ELAPSED_FORMAT_EXT,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(execInfo.outputWaitElapsed) / nodeNum,
                       EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(maxExecInfo.outputWaitElapsed));
  }
  EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level+1));

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

/**
  @brief Analyze the IO of the scan nodes and append the result to the
  explain results.
*/
static int32_t qExplainIOAnalyze(const SExplainResNode *pResNode,
                                 SExplainCtx *ctx, int32_t level) {
  bool    isVerboseLine = true;
  char    *tbuf = ctx->tbuf;
  int32_t tlen = 0;

  /* sort groups' ExecInfo according to compute time in asc order */
  taosArraySort(pResNode->pExecInfo, compareExecInfo);
  int32_t nodeNum = (int32_t)taosArrayGetSize(pResNode->pExecInfo);
  STableScanAnalyzeInfo analyzeInfo = {0};
  STableScanAnalyzeInfo maxAnalyzeInfo = {0};

  for (int32_t i = 0; i < nodeNum; ++i) {
    const SExplainExecInfo *pExecInfo = taosArrayGet(pResNode->pExecInfo, i);
    if (pExecInfo == NULL || pExecInfo->verboseInfo == NULL) {
      qError("%s failed at line %d, execInfo or verboseInfo is NULL",
             __func__, __LINE__);
      return TSDB_CODE_INVALID_PARA;
    }
    const STableScanAnalyzeInfo *pScanInfo = (STableScanAnalyzeInfo *)pExecInfo->verboseInfo;

    analyzeInfo.totalBlocks += pScanInfo->totalBlocks;
    analyzeInfo.fileLoadBlocks += pScanInfo->fileLoadBlocks;
    analyzeInfo.fileLoadElapsed += pScanInfo->fileLoadElapsed;
    analyzeInfo.sttLoadBlocks += pScanInfo->sttLoadBlocks;
    analyzeInfo.sttLoadElapsed += pScanInfo->sttLoadElapsed;
    analyzeInfo.memLoadBlocks += pScanInfo->memLoadBlocks;
    analyzeInfo.memLoadElapsed += pScanInfo->memLoadElapsed;
    analyzeInfo.smaLoadBlocks += pScanInfo->smaLoadBlocks;
    analyzeInfo.smaLoadElapsed += pScanInfo->smaLoadElapsed;
    analyzeInfo.composedBlocks += pScanInfo->composedBlocks;
    analyzeInfo.composedElapsed += pScanInfo->composedElapsed;
    analyzeInfo.checkRows += pScanInfo->checkRows;

    maxAnalyzeInfo.totalBlocks = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.totalBlocks, pScanInfo->totalBlocks);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.fileLoadBlocks = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.fileLoadBlocks, pScanInfo->fileLoadBlocks);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.fileLoadElapsed = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.fileLoadElapsed, pScanInfo->fileLoadElapsed);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.sttLoadBlocks = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.sttLoadBlocks, pScanInfo->sttLoadBlocks);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.sttLoadElapsed = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.sttLoadElapsed, pScanInfo->sttLoadElapsed);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.memLoadBlocks = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.memLoadBlocks, pScanInfo->memLoadBlocks);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.memLoadElapsed = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.memLoadElapsed, pScanInfo->memLoadElapsed);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.smaLoadBlocks = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.smaLoadBlocks, pScanInfo->smaLoadBlocks);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.smaLoadElapsed = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.smaLoadElapsed, pScanInfo->smaLoadElapsed);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.composedBlocks = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.composedBlocks, pScanInfo->composedBlocks);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.composedElapsed = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.composedElapsed, pScanInfo->composedElapsed);
    maxAnalyzeInfo.checkRows = TMAX(maxAnalyzeInfo.checkRows, pScanInfo->checkRows);
  }

  EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_IO_FORMAT);
  if (nodeNum == 1) {
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_TOTAL_BLOCKS_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.totalBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FILE_LOAD_BLOCKS_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.fileLoadBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_STT_LOAD_BLOCKS_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.sttLoadBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_MEM_LOAD_BLOCKS_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.memLoadBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_SMA_LOAD_BLOCKS_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.smaLoadBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COMPOSED_BLOCKS_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.composedBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
    QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level+1));

    EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level+2, EXPLAIN_FILE_LOAD_ELAPSED_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.fileLoadElapsed);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_STT_LOAD_ELAPSED_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.sttLoadElapsed);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_MEM_LOAD_ELAPSED_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.memLoadElapsed);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_SMA_LOAD_ELAPSED_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.smaLoadElapsed);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COMPOSED_ELAPSED_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.composedElapsed);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
    QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level+2));

    EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level+2, EXPLAIN_CHECK_ROWS_FORMAT, analyzeInfo.checkRows);
  } else if (nodeNum > 1) {
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_TOTAL_BLOCKS_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)analyzeInfo.totalBlocks / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.totalBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FILE_LOAD_BLOCKS_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)analyzeInfo.fileLoadBlocks / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.fileLoadBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_STT_LOAD_BLOCKS_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)analyzeInfo.sttLoadBlocks / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.sttLoadBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_MEM_LOAD_BLOCKS_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)analyzeInfo.memLoadBlocks / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.memLoadBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_SMA_LOAD_BLOCKS_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)analyzeInfo.smaLoadBlocks / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.smaLoadBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COMPOSED_BLOCKS_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)analyzeInfo.composedBlocks / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.composedBlocks);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
    QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level+1));

    EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level+2, EXPLAIN_FILE_LOAD_ELAPSED_FORMAT_EXT,
                    (double)analyzeInfo.fileLoadElapsed / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.fileLoadElapsed);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_STT_LOAD_ELAPSED_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)analyzeInfo.sttLoadElapsed / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.sttLoadElapsed);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_MEM_LOAD_ELAPSED_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)analyzeInfo.memLoadElapsed / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.memLoadElapsed);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_SMA_LOAD_ELAPSED_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)analyzeInfo.smaLoadElapsed / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.smaLoadElapsed);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COMPOSED_ELAPSED_FORMAT_EXT,
                       (double)analyzeInfo.composedElapsed / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.composedElapsed);
    EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
    QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level+2));

    EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level+2, EXPLAIN_CHECK_ROWS_FORMAT_EXT,
                     (double)analyzeInfo.checkRows / nodeNum, maxAnalyzeInfo.checkRows);

    /* slowest query node information */
    const SExplainExecInfo* slowestExecInfo = taosArrayGetLast(pResNode->pExecInfo);
    if (slowestExecInfo) {
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      int32_t midIndex = (nodeNum - 1) / 2;
      const SExplainExecInfo* midExecInfo = taosArrayGet(pResNode->pExecInfo, midIndex);
      const SExplainExecInfo* fastestExecInfo = taosArrayGet(pResNode->pExecInfo, 0);
      double slowDeviation = midExecInfo->execElapsed > 0 ?
        ((double)slowestExecInfo->execElapsed - (double)midExecInfo->execElapsed) * 100.0 /
        (double)midExecInfo->execElapsed : 0;
      double dataDeviation = midExecInfo->numOfRows > 0 ?
        ((double)slowestExecInfo->numOfRows - (double)midExecInfo->numOfRows) * 100.0 /
        (double)midExecInfo->numOfRows : 0;
      double costRatio = fastestExecInfo->execElapsed > 0 ?
        (double)slowestExecInfo->execElapsed / (double)fastestExecInfo->execElapsed : 0;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_SLOWEST_NODE_FORMAT, slowestExecInfo->vgId,
                         slowDeviation, costRatio, dataDeviation);
    }
  }
  EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level+2));

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

static int32_t qExplainResNodeToRowsImpl(SExplainResNode *pResNode, SExplainCtx *ctx, int32_t *pLevel) {
  int32_t     tlen = 0;
  bool        isVerboseLine = false;
  char       *tbuf = ctx->tbuf;
  bool        verbose = ctx->verbose;
  SPhysiNode *pNode = pResNode->pNode;
  if (NULL == pNode) {
    qError("pyhsical node in explain res node is NULL");
    return TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR;
  }

  if (0 == *pLevel && ctx->currPlanId >= 0) {
    EXPLAIN_SUB_PLAN_LINE(ctx->currPlanId + 1);
    QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, *pLevel + 1));
    *pLevel += 2;
  }

  int32_t level = *pLevel;
  double filterEfficiency = 100;
  bool   hasEfficiency = ctx->mode == EXPLAIN_MODE_ANALYZE && pResNode->pExecInfo;

  switch (pNode->type) {
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_TAG_SCAN: {
      STagScanPhysiNode *pTagScanNode = (STagScanPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_TAG_SCAN_FORMAT, pTagScanNode->scan.tableName.tname);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      if (pTagScanNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_PSEUDO_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pTagScanNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pTagScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pTagScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pTagScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pTagScanNode->scan.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pTagScanNode->scan.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pTagScanNode->scan.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        if (qExplainCouldApplyTagIndex(pResNode->pPlan)) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TAG_INDEX_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FILTER_CONDITIONS_FORMAT);
          QRY_ERR_RET(nodesNodeToSQL(pResNode->pPlan->pTagIndexCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE,
                                     TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_VIRTUAL_TABLE_SCAN: {
      SVirtualScanPhysiNode *pVirtualTableScanNode = (SVirtualScanPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_VIRTUAL_TABLE_SCAN_FORMAT, pVirtualTableScanNode->scan.tableName.tname);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pVirtualTableScanNode->scan.pScanCols->length);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      if (pVirtualTableScanNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_PSEUDO_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pVirtualTableScanNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pVirtualTableScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pVirtualTableScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pVirtualTableScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pVirtualTableScanNode->scan.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pVirtualTableScanNode->scan.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pVirtualTableScanNode->scan.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_TABLE_SEQ_SCAN:
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_TABLE_MERGE_SCAN:
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_TABLE_SCAN: {
      STableScanPhysiNode *pTblScanNode = (STableScanPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level,
                      QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_TABLE_MERGE_SCAN == pNode->type ? EXPLAIN_TBL_MERGE_SCAN_FORMAT
                                                                               : EXPLAIN_TBL_SCAN_FORMAT,
                      pTblScanNode->scan.tableName.tname);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }

      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pTblScanNode->scan.pScanCols->length);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      if (pTblScanNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_PSEUDO_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pTblScanNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pTblScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_SCAN_ORDER_FORMAT, pTblScanNode->scanSeq[0], pTblScanNode->scanSeq[1]);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_SCAN_MODE_FORMAT, qExplainGetScanMode(pTblScanNode));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_SCAN_DATA_LOAD_FORMAT, qExplainGetScanDataLoad(pTblScanNode));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pTblScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pTblScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pTblScanNode->scan.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pTblScanNode->scan.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TIMERANGE_FORMAT, pTblScanNode->scanRange.skey,
                        pTblScanNode->scanRange.ekey);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        if (NULL != pTblScanNode->pGroupTags) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_PARTITION_KETS_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_PARTITIONS_FORMAT, pTblScanNode->pGroupTags->length);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pTblScanNode->scan.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        if (pTblScanNode->pPrimaryCond) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_PRIMARY_FILTER_FORMAT);
          QRY_ERR_RET(nodesNodeToSQL(pTblScanNode->pPrimaryCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE,
                                     TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        if (qExplainCouldApplyTagIndex(pResNode->pPlan)) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TAG_INDEX_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FILTER_CONDITIONS_FORMAT);
          QRY_ERR_RET(nodesNodeToSQL(pResNode->pPlan->pTagIndexCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE,
                                     TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));

        if (EXPLAIN_MODE_ANALYZE == ctx->mode && pResNode->pExecInfo) {
          /* table scan I/O analyze information */
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainIOAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
        }
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_SYSTABLE_SCAN: {
      SSystemTableScanPhysiNode *pSTblScanNode = (SSystemTableScanPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_SYSTBL_SCAN_FORMAT, pSTblScanNode->scan.tableName.tname);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pSTblScanNode->scan.pScanCols->length);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      if (pSTblScanNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_PSEUDO_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pSTblScanNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pSTblScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pSTblScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pSTblScanNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pSTblScanNode->scan.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pSTblScanNode->scan.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pSTblScanNode->scan.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_PROJECT: {
      SProjectPhysiNode *pPrjNode = (SProjectPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_PROJECTION_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pPrjNode->pProjections->length);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pPrjNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pPrjNode->node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pPrjNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pPrjNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pPrjNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pPrjNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_IGNORE_GROUPID_FORMAT, pPrjNode->ignoreGroupId ? "true" : "false");
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_MERGEBLOCKS_FORMAT, pPrjNode->mergeDataBlock? "True":"False");
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pPrjNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_MERGE_JOIN: {
      SSortMergeJoinPhysiNode *pJoinNode = (SSortMergeJoinPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_JOIN_FORMAT, gJoinTypeStr[pJoinNode->joinType][pJoinNode->subType]);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pJoinNode->pTargets->length);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pJoinNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pJoinNode->node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_JOIN_ALGO, "Merge");
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pJoinNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pJoinNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pJoinNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pJoinNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        if (IS_ASOF_JOIN(pJoinNode->subType) || IS_WINDOW_JOIN(pJoinNode->subType)) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_JOIN_PARAM_FORMAT);
          if (IS_ASOF_JOIN(pJoinNode->subType)) {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_ASOF_OP_FORMAT, qExplainGetAsofOpStr(pJoinNode->asofOpType));
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          }
          if (NULL != pJoinNode->pWindowOffset) {
            SWindowOffsetNode* pWinOffset = (SWindowOffsetNode*)pJoinNode->pWindowOffset;
            SValueNode* pStart = (SValueNode*)pWinOffset->pStartOffset;
            SValueNode* pEnd = (SValueNode*)pWinOffset->pEndOffset;
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIN_OFFSET_FORMAT, pStart->literal, pEnd->literal);
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          }
          if (NULL != pJoinNode->pJLimit && NULL != ((SLimitNode*)pJoinNode->pJLimit)->limit) {
            SLimitNode* pJLimit = (SLimitNode*)pJoinNode->pJLimit;
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_JLIMIT_FORMAT, pJLimit->limit->datum.i);
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          }
          if (IS_WINDOW_JOIN(pJoinNode->subType)) {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_SEQ_WIN_GRP_FORMAT, pJoinNode->seqWinGroup);
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          }

          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_GRP_JOIN_FORMAT, pJoinNode->grpJoin);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();

          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pJoinNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        if (NULL != pJoinNode->pPrimKeyCond) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_PRIM_CONDITIONS_FORMAT);
          QRY_ERR_RET(nodesNodeToSQL(pJoinNode->pPrimKeyCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE, TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        if (NULL != pJoinNode->pEqLeft && pJoinNode->pEqLeft->length > 0) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_JOIN_EQ_LEFT_FORMAT);
          SNode* pCol = NULL;
          FOREACH(pCol, pJoinNode->pEqLeft) {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("`%s`.`%s` ", ((SColumnNode*)pCol)->tableAlias, ((SColumnNode*)pCol)->colName);
          }
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        if (NULL != pJoinNode->pEqRight && pJoinNode->pEqRight->length > 0) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_JOIN_EQ_RIGHT_FORMAT);
          SNode* pCol = NULL;
          FOREACH(pCol, pJoinNode->pEqRight) {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("`%s`.`%s` ", ((SColumnNode*)pCol)->tableAlias, ((SColumnNode*)pCol)->colName);
          }
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        if (NULL != pJoinNode->pFullOnCond) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_ON_CONDITIONS_FORMAT);
          QRY_ERR_RET(
                nodesNodeToSQL(pJoinNode->pFullOnCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE, TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        if (NULL != pJoinNode->pColOnCond) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_COL_ON_CONDITIONS_FORMAT);
          QRY_ERR_RET(
                nodesNodeToSQL(pJoinNode->pColOnCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE, TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_HASH_AGG: {
      SAggPhysiNode *pAggNode = (SAggPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_AGG_FORMAT, (pAggNode->pGroupKeys ? "GroupAggregate" : "Aggregate"));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      if (pAggNode->pAggFuncs) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, pAggNode->pAggFuncs->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pAggNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      if (pAggNode->pGroupKeys) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_GROUPS_FORMAT, pAggNode->pGroupKeys->length);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pAggNode->node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pAggNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pAggNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pAggNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pAggNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_PLAN_BLOCKING, !pAggNode->node.forceCreateNonBlockingOptr);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pAggNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_MERGEBLOCKS_FORMAT, pAggNode->mergeDataBlock? "True":"False");
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_INDEF_ROWS_FUNC: {
      SIndefRowsFuncPhysiNode *pIndefNode = (SIndefRowsFuncPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_INDEF_ROWS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      if (pIndefNode->pFuncs) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, pIndefNode->pFuncs->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pIndefNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pIndefNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pIndefNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pIndefNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pIndefNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pIndefNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_EXCHANGE: {
      SExchangePhysiNode *pExchNode = (SExchangePhysiNode *)pNode;
      int32_t nodeNum = 0;
      for (int32_t gid = pExchNode->srcStartGroupId; gid <= pExchNode->srcEndGroupId; ++gid) {
        SExplainGroup *group = taosHashGet(ctx->pCurrPlanCtx->groupHash, &gid, sizeof(gid));
        if (NULL == group) {
          qError("exchange src group %d not in groupHash", gid);
          QRY_ERR_RET(TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR);
        }

        if (pExchNode->childrenVgIds && group->nodeExecInfo) {
          int32_t matchedCnt = 0;
          int32_t rspCnt = (int32_t)taosArrayGetSize(group->nodeExecInfo);
          for (int32_t j = 0; j < rspCnt; ++j) {
            const SExplainRsp* pRsp = taosArrayGet(group->nodeExecInfo, j);
            if (qExplainRspMatchVgIds(pRsp, pExchNode->childrenVgIds)) {
              ++matchedCnt;
            }
          }
          nodeNum += matchedCnt;
          continue;
        }

        nodeNum += group->nodeNum;
      }

      int32_t srcCount = pExchNode->singleSrc ? 1 : nodeNum;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_EXCHANGE_FORMAT, srcCount);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pExchNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pExchNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pExchNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pExchNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pExchNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pExchNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
          const SExplainExecInfo *execInfo = taosArrayGet(pResNode->pExecInfo, 0);
          if (execInfo && execInfo->verboseInfo) {
            const SExchangeExplainInfo *pExchInfo = (SExchangeExplainInfo *)execInfo->verboseInfo;
            EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_NETWORK_FORMAT);
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_EXCHANGE_MODE_FORMAT,
              pExchInfo->mode == 0 ? EXPLAIN_EXCHANGE_MODE_CONCURRENT : EXPLAIN_EXCHANGE_MODE_SEQUENCE);
            if (srcCount > 1) {
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FETCH_TIMES_FORMAT_EXT,
                                pExchInfo->avgFetchTimes, pExchInfo->maxFetchTimes);
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FETCH_ROWS_FORMAT_EXT,
                                pExchInfo->avgFetchRows, pExchInfo->maxFetchRows);
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FETCH_COST_FORMAT_EXT,
                                EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(pExchInfo->avgFetchCost),
                                EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(pExchInfo->maxFetchCost));
            } else {
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FETCH_TIMES_FORMAT, (uint64_t)pExchInfo->avgFetchTimes);
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FETCH_ROWS_FORMAT, (uint64_t)pExchInfo->avgFetchRows);
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FETCH_COST_FORMAT,
                                EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(pExchInfo->avgFetchCost));
            }
            EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
            QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
          }
        }

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }

      for (int32_t i = pExchNode->srcStartGroupId; i <= pExchNode->srcEndGroupId; ++i) {
        int32_t nlevel = level + 1;
        if (pExchNode->childrenVgIds) {
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendGroupResRowsByVgIds(ctx, i, &nlevel, pExchNode->grpSingleChannel,
                                                        pExchNode->childrenVgIds));
        } else {
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendGroupResRows(ctx, i, &nlevel, pExchNode->grpSingleChannel));
        }
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_SORT: {
      SSortPhysiNode *pSortNode = (SSortPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_SORT_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pSortNode->node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_ORDER_TYPE_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pSortNode->node.outputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }

      SDataBlockDescNode *pDescNode = pSortNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pDescNode->pSlots));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pDescNode->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        // sort key
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, "Sort Key: ");
        for (int32_t i = 0; i < LIST_LENGTH(pSortNode->pSortKeys); ++i) {
          SOrderByExprNode *ptn = (SOrderByExprNode *)nodesListGetNode(pSortNode->pSortKeys, i);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("%s ", nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(ptn->pExpr));
        }

        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

        // sort method
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, "Sort Method: ");

        int32_t           nodeNum = taosArrayGetSize(pResNode->pExecInfo);
        SExplainExecInfo *execInfo = taosArrayGet(pResNode->pExecInfo, 0);
        SSortExecInfo    *pExecInfo = (SSortExecInfo *)execInfo->verboseInfo;
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("%s", pExecInfo->sortMethod == SORT_QSORT_T ? "quicksort" : "merge sort");
        if (pExecInfo->sortBuffer > 1024 * 1024) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  Buffers:%.2f Mb", pExecInfo->sortBuffer / (1024 * 1024.0));
        } else if (pExecInfo->sortBuffer > 1024) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  Buffers:%.2f Kb", pExecInfo->sortBuffer / (1024.0));
        } else {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  Buffers:%d b", pExecInfo->sortBuffer);
        }

        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  loops:%d", pExecInfo->loops);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));
      }

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pSortNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pSortNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pSortNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pSortNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pSortNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_HASH_INTERVAL: {
      SIntervalPhysiNode *pIntNode = (SIntervalPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_INTERVAL_FORMAT, nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(pIntNode->window.pTspk));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pIntNode->window.pFuncs));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pIntNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pIntNode->window.node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_ORDER_TYPE_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pIntNode->window.node.outputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pIntNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pIntNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pIntNode->window.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pIntNode->window.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TIMERANGE_FORMAT, pIntNode->timeRange.skey, pIntNode->timeRange.ekey);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        uint8_t precision = qExplainGetIntervalPrecision(pIntNode);
        int64_t time1 = -1;
        int64_t time2 = -1;
        int32_t code = TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
        INVERAL_TIME_FROM_PRECISION_TO_UNIT(pIntNode->interval, pIntNode->intervalUnit, precision, time1);
        QRY_ERR_RET(code);
        INVERAL_TIME_FROM_PRECISION_TO_UNIT(pIntNode->sliding, pIntNode->slidingUnit, precision, time2);
        QRY_ERR_RET(code);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TIME_WINDOWS_FORMAT,
                        time1,
                        pIntNode->intervalUnit, pIntNode->offset, getPrecisionUnit(precision),
                        time2,
                        pIntNode->slidingUnit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pIntNode->window.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_MERGEBLOCKS_FORMAT, pIntNode->window.mergeDataBlock? "True":"False");
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_MERGE_ALIGNED_INTERVAL: {
      SMergeAlignedIntervalPhysiNode *pIntNode = (SMergeAlignedIntervalPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_MERGE_ALIGNED_INTERVAL_FORMAT, nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(pIntNode->window.pTspk));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pIntNode->window.pFuncs));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pIntNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pIntNode->window.node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_ORDER_TYPE_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pIntNode->window.node.outputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pIntNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pIntNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pIntNode->window.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pIntNode->window.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        uint8_t precision = qExplainGetIntervalPrecision(pIntNode);
        int64_t time1 = -1;
        int64_t time2 = -1;
        int32_t code = TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
        INVERAL_TIME_FROM_PRECISION_TO_UNIT(pIntNode->interval, pIntNode->intervalUnit, precision, time1);
        QRY_ERR_RET(code);
        INVERAL_TIME_FROM_PRECISION_TO_UNIT(pIntNode->sliding, pIntNode->slidingUnit, precision, time2);
        QRY_ERR_RET(code);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TIME_WINDOWS_FORMAT,
                        time1,
                        pIntNode->intervalUnit, pIntNode->offset, getPrecisionUnit(precision),
                        time2,
                        pIntNode->slidingUnit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pIntNode->window.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_MERGEBLOCKS_FORMAT, pIntNode->window.mergeDataBlock? "True":"False");
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_FILL: {
      SFillPhysiNode *pFillNode = (SFillPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_FILL_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_MODE_FORMAT, nodesGetFillModeString(pFillNode->mode));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pFillNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pFillNode->node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pFillNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pFillNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pFillNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pFillNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        if (pFillNode->pValues) {
          SNodeListNode *pValues = (SNodeListNode *)pFillNode->pValues;
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_FILL_VALUE_FORMAT);
          SNode  *tNode = NULL;
          int32_t i = 0;
          FOREACH(tNode, pValues->pNodeList) {
            if (i) {
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
            }
            SValueNode *tValue = (SValueNode *)tNode;
            char       *value = nodesGetStrValueFromNode(tValue);
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_STRING_TYPE_FORMAT, value);
            taosMemoryFree(value);
            ++i;
          }

          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TIMERANGE_FORMAT, pFillNode->timeRange.skey, pFillNode->timeRange.ekey);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pFillNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_MERGE_SESSION: {
      SSessionWinodwPhysiNode *pSessNode = (SSessionWinodwPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_SESSION_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pSessNode->window.pFuncs));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pSessNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pSessNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pSessNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pSessNode->window.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pSessNode->window.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_WINDOW_FORMAT, pSessNode->gap);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pSessNode->window.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_MERGE_STATE: {
      SStateWindowPhysiNode *pStateNode = (SStateWindowPhysiNode *)pNode;

      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_STATE_WINDOW_FORMAT,
                      nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(pStateNode->pStateKey));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }

      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pStateNode->window.pFuncs));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pStateNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pStateNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pStateNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pStateNode->window.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pStateNode->window.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pStateNode->window.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_PARTITION: {
      SPartitionPhysiNode *pPartNode = (SPartitionPhysiNode *)pNode;

      SNode *p = nodesListGetNode(pPartNode->pPartitionKeys, 0);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_PARITION_FORMAT, nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(p));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pPartNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);

      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pPartNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pPartNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pPartNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pPartNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_PARTITION_KETS_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_PARTITIONS_FORMAT, pPartNode->pPartitionKeys->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pPartNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_MERGE: {
      SMergePhysiNode *pMergeNode = (SMergePhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_MERGE_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }

      SDataBlockDescNode *pDescNode = pMergeNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pDescNode->pSlots));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pDescNode->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pMergeNode->node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_ORDER_TYPE_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pMergeNode->node.outputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_MERGE_MODE_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_MERGE_MODE_STRING(pMergeNode->type));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (EXPLAIN_MODE_ANALYZE == ctx->mode) {
        if (MERGE_TYPE_SORT == pMergeNode->type) {
          // sort method
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, "Sort Method: ");

          int32_t           nodeNum = taosArrayGetSize(pResNode->pExecInfo);
          SExplainExecInfo *execInfo = taosArrayGet(pResNode->pExecInfo, 0);
          SSortExecInfo    *pExecInfo = (SSortExecInfo *)execInfo->verboseInfo;
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("%s", pExecInfo->sortMethod == SORT_QSORT_T ? "quicksort" : "merge sort");
          if (pExecInfo->sortBuffer > 1024 * 1024) {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  Buffers:%.2f Mb", pExecInfo->sortBuffer / (1024 * 1024.0));
          } else if (pExecInfo->sortBuffer > 1024) {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  Buffers:%.2f Kb", pExecInfo->sortBuffer / (1024.0));
          } else {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  Buffers:%d b", pExecInfo->sortBuffer);
          }

          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  loops:%d", pExecInfo->loops);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));
        }
      }

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pMergeNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pMergeNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pMergeNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pMergeNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        if (MERGE_TYPE_SORT == pMergeNode->type) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_IGNORE_GROUPID_FORMAT, pMergeNode->ignoreGroupId ? "true" : "false");
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_MERGE_KEYS_FORMAT);
          if (pMergeNode->groupSort) {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_STRING_TYPE_FORMAT, "_group_id asc");
            if (LIST_LENGTH(pMergeNode->pMergeKeys) > 0) {
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COMMA_FORMAT);
            }
          }
          for (int32_t i = 0; i < LIST_LENGTH(pMergeNode->pMergeKeys); ++i) {
            SOrderByExprNode *ptn = (SOrderByExprNode *)nodesListGetNode(pMergeNode->pMergeKeys, i);
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_STRING_TYPE_FORMAT, nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(ptn->pExpr));
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_STRING_TYPE_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(ptn->order));
            if (i != LIST_LENGTH(pMergeNode->pMergeKeys) - 1) {
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COMMA_FORMAT);
            }
          }
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pMergeNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_BLOCK_DIST_SCAN: {
      SBlockDistScanPhysiNode *pDistScanNode = (SBlockDistScanPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_DISTBLK_SCAN_FORMAT, pDistScanNode->tableName.tname);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pDistScanNode->pScanCols->length);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      if (pDistScanNode->pScanPseudoCols) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_PSEUDO_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pDistScanNode->pScanPseudoCols->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pDistScanNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pDistScanNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pDistScanNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pDistScanNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pDistScanNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pDistScanNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_LAST_ROW_SCAN: {
      SLastRowScanPhysiNode *pLastRowNode = (SLastRowScanPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_LASTROW_SCAN_FORMAT, pLastRowNode->scan.tableName.tname);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pLastRowNode->scan.pScanCols->length);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      if (pLastRowNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_PSEUDO_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pLastRowNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pLastRowNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pLastRowNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pLastRowNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pLastRowNode->scan.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pLastRowNode->scan.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pLastRowNode->scan.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        if (qExplainCouldApplyTagIndex(pResNode->pPlan)) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TAG_INDEX_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FILTER_CONDITIONS_FORMAT);
          QRY_ERR_RET(nodesNodeToSQL(pResNode->pPlan->pTagIndexCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE,
                                     TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_TABLE_COUNT_SCAN: {
      STableCountScanPhysiNode *pLastRowNode = (STableCountScanPhysiNode *)pNode;
      char *dbname = pLastRowNode->scan.tableName.dbname;
      char *tbname = pLastRowNode->scan.tableName.tname;
      if (dbname[0] != '\0' && tbname[0] != '\0') {
        char name[TSDB_TABLE_FNAME_LEN];
        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.%s", dbname, tbname);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_TABLE_COUNT_SCAN_FORMAT, name);
      } else if (dbname[0] != '\0') {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_TABLE_COUNT_SCAN_FORMAT, dbname);
      } else if (tbname[0] != '\0') {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_TABLE_COUNT_SCAN_FORMAT, tbname);
      } else {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_TABLE_COUNT_SCAN_FORMAT, TSDB_INS_TABLE_TABLES);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pLastRowNode->scan.pScanCols));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      if (pLastRowNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_PSEUDO_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pLastRowNode->scan.pScanPseudoCols->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pLastRowNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pLastRowNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pLastRowNode->scan.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pLastRowNode->scan.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pLastRowNode->scan.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pLastRowNode->scan.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_GROUP_SORT: {
      SGroupSortPhysiNode *pSortNode = (SGroupSortPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_GROUP_SORT_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }

      SDataBlockDescNode *pDescNode = pSortNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pDescNode->pSlots));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pDescNode->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (EXPLAIN_MODE_ANALYZE == ctx->mode) {
        // sort key
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, "Sort Key: ");
        if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
          for (int32_t i = 0; i < LIST_LENGTH(pSortNode->pSortKeys); ++i) {
            SOrderByExprNode *ptn = (SOrderByExprNode *)nodesListGetNode(pSortNode->pSortKeys, i);
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("%s ", nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(ptn->pExpr));
          }
        }

        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

        // sort method
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, "Sort Method: ");

        int32_t           nodeNum = taosArrayGetSize(pResNode->pExecInfo);
        SExplainExecInfo *execInfo = taosArrayGet(pResNode->pExecInfo, 0);
        SSortExecInfo    *pExecInfo = (SSortExecInfo *)execInfo->verboseInfo;
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("%s", pExecInfo->sortMethod == SORT_QSORT_T ? "quicksort" : "merge sort");
        if (pExecInfo->sortBuffer > 1024 * 1024) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  Buffers:%.2f Mb", pExecInfo->sortBuffer / (1024 * 1024.0));
        } else if (pExecInfo->sortBuffer > 1024) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  Buffers:%.2f Kb", pExecInfo->sortBuffer / (1024.0));
        } else {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  Buffers:%d b", pExecInfo->sortBuffer);
        }

        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND("  loops:%d", pExecInfo->loops);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));
      }

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pSortNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pSortNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pSortNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pSortNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pSortNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_MERGE_INTERVAL: {
      SMergeIntervalPhysiNode *pIntNode = (SMergeIntervalPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_MERGE_INTERVAL_FORMAT, nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(pIntNode->window.pTspk));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pIntNode->window.pFuncs));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pIntNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pIntNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pIntNode->window.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pIntNode->window.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        uint8_t precision = qExplainGetIntervalPrecision(pIntNode);
        int64_t time1 = -1;
        int64_t time2 = -1;
        int32_t code = TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
        INVERAL_TIME_FROM_PRECISION_TO_UNIT(pIntNode->interval, pIntNode->intervalUnit, precision, time1);
        QRY_ERR_RET(code);
        INVERAL_TIME_FROM_PRECISION_TO_UNIT(pIntNode->sliding, pIntNode->slidingUnit, precision, time2);
        QRY_ERR_RET(code);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TIME_WINDOWS_FORMAT,
                        time1,
                        pIntNode->intervalUnit, pIntNode->offset, getPrecisionUnit(precision),
                        time2,
                        pIntNode->slidingUnit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pIntNode->window.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_INTERP_FUNC: {
      SInterpFuncPhysiNode *pInterpNode = (SInterpFuncPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_INTERP_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      if (pInterpNode->pFuncs) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, pInterpNode->pFuncs->length);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }

      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_MODE_FORMAT, nodesGetFillModeString(pInterpNode->fillMode));

      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pInterpNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pInterpNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pInterpNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pInterpNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        if (pInterpNode->pFillValues) {
          SNodeListNode *pValues = (SNodeListNode *)pInterpNode->pFillValues;
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_FILL_VALUE_FORMAT);
          SNode  *tNode = NULL;
          int32_t i = 0;
          FOREACH(tNode, pValues->pNodeList) {
            if (i) {
              EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
            }
            SValueNode *tValue = (SValueNode *)tNode;
            char       *value = nodesGetStrValueFromNode(tValue);
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_STRING_TYPE_FORMAT, value);
            taosMemoryFree(value);
            ++i;
          }

          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_INTERVAL_VALUE_FORMAT, pInterpNode->interval, pInterpNode->intervalUnit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TIMERANGE_FORMAT, pInterpNode->timeRange.skey, pInterpNode->timeRange.ekey);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pInterpNode->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_MERGE_EVENT: {
      SEventWinodwPhysiNode *pEventNode = (SEventWinodwPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_EVENT_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pEventNode->window.pFuncs));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pEventNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_EVENT_START_FORMAT);
        QRY_ERR_RET(nodesNodeToSQL(pEventNode->pStartCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE,
                                    TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_EVENT_END_FORMAT);
        QRY_ERR_RET(nodesNodeToSQL(pEventNode->pEndCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE,
                                    TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_HASH_JOIN:{
      SHashJoinPhysiNode *pJoinNode = (SHashJoinPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_JOIN_FORMAT, gJoinTypeStr[pJoinNode->joinType][pJoinNode->subType]);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pJoinNode->pTargets->length);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pJoinNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pJoinNode->node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_JOIN_ALGO, "Hash");
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pJoinNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pJoinNode->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pJoinNode->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pJoinNode->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        if (pJoinNode->node.pConditions) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_FILTER_FORMAT);
          QRY_ERR_RET(nodesNodeToSQL(pJoinNode->node.pConditions, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE,
                                     TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));

          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        bool conditionsGot = false;
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_ON_CONDITIONS_FORMAT);
        if (pJoinNode->pPrimKeyCond) {
          QRY_ERR_RET(
              nodesNodeToSQL(pJoinNode->pPrimKeyCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE, TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
          conditionsGot = true;
        }
        if (pJoinNode->pColEqCond) {
          if (conditionsGot) {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(" AND ");
          }
          QRY_ERR_RET(
              nodesNodeToSQL(pJoinNode->pColEqCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE, TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
          conditionsGot = true;
        }
        if (pJoinNode->pTagEqCond) {
          if (conditionsGot) {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(" AND ");
          }
          QRY_ERR_RET(
              nodesNodeToSQL(pJoinNode->pTagEqCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE, TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
          conditionsGot = true;
        }
        if (pJoinNode->pFullOnCond) {
          if (conditionsGot) {
            EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(" AND ");
          }
          QRY_ERR_RET(nodesNodeToSQL(pJoinNode->pFullOnCond, tbuf + VARSTR_HEADER_SIZE,
                                     TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, &tlen));
        }
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        if (pJoinNode->timeRangeTarget) {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TABLE_TIMERANGE_FORMAT, qExplainGetTimerangeTargetStr(pJoinNode->timeRangeTarget), pJoinNode->timeRange.skey, pJoinNode->timeRange.ekey);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
          QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        }

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_GROUP_CACHE:{
      SGroupCachePhysiNode *pGroupCache = (SGroupCachePhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_GROUP_CACHE_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_GLOBAL_GROUP_FORMAT, pGroupCache->globalGrp);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_GROUP_BY_UID_FORMAT, pGroupCache->grpByUid);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BATCH_SCAN_FORMAT, pGroupCache->batchFetch);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pGroupCache->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pGroupCache->node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pGroupCache->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pGroupCache->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pGroupCache->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pGroupCache->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pGroupCache->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_DYN_QUERY_CTRL:{
      SDynQueryCtrlPhysiNode *pDyn = (SDynQueryCtrlPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_DYN_QRY_CTRL_FORMAT, qExplainGetDynQryCtrlType(pDyn));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      switch (pDyn->qType) {
        case DYN_QTYPE_STB_HASH: {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BATCH_SCAN_FORMAT, pDyn->stbJoin.batchFetch);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_VGROUP_SLOT_FORMAT, pDyn->stbJoin.vgSlot[0], pDyn->stbJoin.vgSlot[1]);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_UID_SLOT_FORMAT, pDyn->stbJoin.uidSlot[0], pDyn->stbJoin.uidSlot[1]);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_SRC_SCAN_FORMAT, pDyn->stbJoin.srcScan[0], pDyn->stbJoin.srcScan[1]);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pDyn->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pDyn->node.inputTsOrder));
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
          break;
        }
        case DYN_QTYPE_VTB_INTERVAL:
        case DYN_QTYPE_VTB_AGG: {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_HAS_PARTITION_FORMAT, pDyn->vtbScan.hasPartition);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BATCH_PROCESS_CHILD_FORMAT, pDyn->vtbScan.batchProcessChild);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pDyn->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
          break;
        }
        case DYN_QTYPE_VTB_TS_SCAN:
        case DYN_QTYPE_VTB_SCAN: {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pDyn->vtbScan.pScanCols->length);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_ORIGIN_VGROUP_NUM_FORMAT, pDyn->vtbScan.pOrgVgIds->length);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pDyn->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pDyn->node.inputTsOrder));
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
          break;
        }
        case DYN_QTYPE_VTB_WINDOW: {
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT, pDyn->vtbWindow.pTargets->length);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pDyn->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pDyn->node.inputTsOrder));
          EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
          break;
        }
        default:
          break;
      }

      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pDyn->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pDyn->node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pDyn->node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pDyn->node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pDyn->node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_MERGE_COUNT: {
      SCountWindowPhysiNode *pCountNode = (SCountWindowPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_COUNT_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pCountNode->window.pFuncs));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pCountNode->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_COUNT_NUM_FORMAT, pCountNode->windowCount);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_COUNT_SLIDING_FORMAT, pCountNode->windowSliding);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_EXTERNAL_WINDOW: {
      SExternalWindowPhysiNode *pExternal = (SExternalWindowPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_EXTERNAL_FORMAT, nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(pExternal->window.pTspk));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pExternal->window.pFuncs));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pExternal->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pExternal->window.node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_ORDER_TYPE_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pExternal->window.node.outputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pExternal->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pExternal->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pExternal->window.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pExternal->window.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TIMERANGE_FORMAT, pExternal->timeRange.skey, pExternal->timeRange.ekey);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pExternal->window.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_MERGEBLOCKS_FORMAT, pExternal->window.mergeDataBlock? "True":"False");
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_HASH_EXTERNAL: {
      SExternalWindowPhysiNode *pExternal = (SExternalWindowPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_EXTERNAL_FORMAT, nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(pExternal->window.pTspk));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pExternal->window.pFuncs));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pExternal->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pExternal->window.node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_ORDER_TYPE_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pExternal->window.node.outputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pExternal->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pExternal->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pExternal->window.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pExternal->window.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_TIMERANGE_FORMAT, pExternal->timeRange.skey, pExternal->timeRange.ekey);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pExternal->window.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_MERGEBLOCKS_FORMAT, pExternal->window.mergeDataBlock? "True":"False");
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    case QUERY_NODE_PHYSICAL_PLAN_MERGE_ALIGNED_EXTERNAL: {
      SExternalWindowPhysiNode *pExternal = (SExternalWindowPhysiNode *)pNode;
      EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level, EXPLAIN_MERGE_ALIGNED_EXTERNAL_FORMAT, nodesGetNameFromColumnNode(pExternal->window.pTspk));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      if (pResNode->pExecInfo) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBufAppendExecInfo(pResNode->pExecInfo, tbuf, &tlen, &filterEfficiency));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      }
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_FUNCTIONS_FORMAT, LIST_LENGTH(pExternal->window.pFuncs));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pExternal->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->totalRowSize);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_INPUT_ORDER_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pExternal->window.node.inputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_ORDER_TYPE_FORMAT, EXPLAIN_ORDER_STRING(pExternal->window.node.outputTsOrder));
      EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_FORMAT);
      EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level));

      if (verbose) {
        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_OUTPUT_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_COLUMNS_FORMAT,
                           nodesGetOutputNumFromSlotList(pExternal->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->pSlots));
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_BLANK_FORMAT);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND(EXPLAIN_WIDTH_FORMAT, pExternal->window.node.pOutputDataBlockDesc->outputRowSize);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_LIMIT(pExternal->window.node.pLimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_APPEND_SLIMIT(pExternal->window.node.pSlimit);
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendFilterRow(ctx, level, pExternal->window.node.pConditions,
                                            &tlen, hasEfficiency ? &filterEfficiency : NULL));

        EXPLAIN_ROW_NEW(level + 1, EXPLAIN_MERGEBLOCKS_FORMAT, pExternal->window.mergeDataBlock? "True":"False");
        EXPLAIN_ROW_END();
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(ctx, tbuf, tlen, level + 1));

        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainExecAnalyze(pResNode, ctx, level));
      }
      break;
    }
    default:
      qError("not supported physical node type %d", pNode->type);
      return TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR;
  }

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

static int32_t qExplainResNodeToRows(SExplainResNode *pResNode, SExplainCtx *ctx, int32_t *level) {
  if (NULL == pResNode) {
    qError("explain res node is NULL");
    QRY_ERR_RET(TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR);
  }

  int32_t code = 0;
  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResNodeToRowsImpl(pResNode, ctx, level));

  SNode *pNode = NULL;
  FOREACH(pNode, pResNode->pChildren) { 
    int32_t nlevel = *level + 1;
    QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResNodeToRows((SExplainResNode *)pNode, ctx, &nlevel)); 
  }

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

static int32_t qExplainAppendGroupResRows(void *pCtx, int32_t groupId, int32_t *level, bool grpSingleChannel) {
  SExplainResNode *node = NULL;
  int32_t          code = 0;
  SExplainCtx     *ctx = (SExplainCtx *)pCtx;

  SExplainGroup *group = taosHashGet(ctx->pCurrPlanCtx->groupHash, &groupId, sizeof(groupId));
  if (NULL == group) {
    qError("group %d not in groupHash", groupId);
    QRY_ERR_RET(TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR);
  }

  group->singleChannel = grpSingleChannel;
  group->physiPlanExecIdx = 0;

  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainGenerateResNode(group->plan, group->plan->pNode, group, &node));

  QRY_ERR_JRET(qExplainResNodeToRows(node, ctx, level));

_return:

  qExplainFreeResNode(node);

  QRY_RET(code);
}

/**
  @brief Append explain rows for one group filtered by exchange children vgIds.
*/
static int32_t qExplainAppendGroupResRowsByVgIds(void *pCtx, int32_t groupId, int32_t *level,
                                                 bool grpSingleChannel, const SArray* pVgIds) {
  SExplainResNode *node = NULL;
  int32_t          code = 0;
  SExplainCtx     *ctx = (SExplainCtx *)pCtx;
  SExplainGroup    filtered = {0};

  SExplainGroup *group = taosHashGet(ctx->pCurrPlanCtx->groupHash, &groupId, sizeof(groupId));
  if (NULL == group) {
    qError("%s failed at line %d, group %d not in groupHash",
           __func__, __LINE__, groupId);
    QRY_ERR_RET(TSDB_CODE_INTERNAL_ERROR);
  }

  filtered.plan = group->plan;
  filtered.singleChannel = false;
  filtered.physiPlanExecIdx = 0;

  if (group->nodeExecInfo && pVgIds) {
    int32_t rspCnt = (int32_t)taosArrayGetSize(group->nodeExecInfo);
    filtered.nodeExecInfo = taosArrayInit(rspCnt, sizeof(SExplainRsp));
    if (NULL == filtered.nodeExecInfo) {
      QRY_ERR_RET(terrno);
    }

    for (int32_t i = 0; i < rspCnt; ++i) {
      const SExplainRsp *pRsp = taosArrayGet(group->nodeExecInfo, i);
      if (!qExplainRspMatchVgIds(pRsp, pVgIds)) {
        continue;
      }
      if (NULL == taosArrayPush(filtered.nodeExecInfo, pRsp)) {
        QRY_ERR_JRET(terrno);
      }
    }

    filtered.nodeNum = (int32_t)taosArrayGetSize(filtered.nodeExecInfo);
  } else {
    filtered.nodeNum = group->nodeNum;
    filtered.nodeExecInfo = group->nodeExecInfo;
    filtered.singleChannel = grpSingleChannel;
  }

  if (filtered.nodeNum <= 0) {
    goto _return;
  }

  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainGenerateResNode(filtered.plan, filtered.plan->pNode, &filtered, &node));
  QRY_ERR_JRET(qExplainResNodeToRows(node, ctx, level));

_return:
  qExplainFreeResNode(node);
  if (filtered.nodeExecInfo != group->nodeExecInfo) {
    taosArrayDestroy(filtered.nodeExecInfo);
  }
  QRY_RET(code);
}

static int32_t qExplainGetRspFromCtx(void *ctx, SRetrieveTableRsp **pRsp) {
  int32_t      code = 0;
  SSDataBlock *pBlock = NULL;
  SExplainCtx *pCtx = (SExplainCtx *)ctx;
  int32_t      rowNum = taosArrayGetSize(pCtx->rows);
  if (rowNum <= 0) {
    qError("empty explain res rows");
    QRY_ERR_RET(TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR);
  }

  code = createDataBlock(&pBlock);
  QRY_ERR_JRET(code);

  SColumnInfoData infoData = createColumnInfoData(TSDB_DATA_TYPE_VARCHAR, TSDB_EXPLAIN_RESULT_ROW_SIZE, 1);
  QRY_ERR_JRET(blockDataAppendColInfo(pBlock, &infoData));
  QRY_ERR_JRET(blockDataEnsureCapacity(pBlock, rowNum));

  SColumnInfoData *pInfoData = taosArrayGet(pBlock->pDataBlock, 0);

  for (int32_t i = 0; i < rowNum; ++i) {
    SQueryExplainRowInfo *row = taosArrayGet(pCtx->rows, i);
    QRY_ERR_JRET(colDataSetVal(pInfoData, i, row->buf, false));
  }

  pBlock->info.rows = rowNum;

  size_t dataEncodeBufSize = blockGetEncodeSize(pBlock);
  int32_t rspSize = sizeof(SRetrieveTableRsp) + dataEncodeBufSize + PAYLOAD_PREFIX_LEN;

  SRetrieveTableRsp *rsp = (SRetrieveTableRsp *)taosMemoryCalloc(1, rspSize);
  if (NULL == rsp) {
    qError("malloc SRetrieveTableRsp failed, size:%d", rspSize);
    QRY_ERR_JRET(terrno);
  }

  rsp->completed = 1;
  rsp->numOfRows = htobe64((int64_t)rowNum);

  int32_t len = blockEncode(pBlock, rsp->data + PAYLOAD_PREFIX_LEN, dataEncodeBufSize, taosArrayGetSize(pBlock->pDataBlock));
  if(len < 0) {
    qError("qExplainGetRspFromCtx: blockEncode failed");
    QRY_ERR_JRET(terrno);
  }

  rsp->compLen = htonl(len);
  rsp->payloadLen = htonl(len);
  rsp->compressed = 0;

  SET_PAYLOAD_LEN(rsp->data, len, len);

_return:
  blockDataDestroy(pBlock);

  *pRsp = rsp;
  QRY_RET(code);
}

static int32_t qExplainBuildPlanCtx(SQueryPlan *pDag, SExplainPlanCtx *pCtx) {
  int32_t        code = 0;
  SNodeListNode *plans = NULL;
  int32_t        taskNum = 0;
  SExplainGroup *pGroup = NULL;

  if (pDag->numOfSubplans <= 0) {
    qError("invalid subplan num:%d", pDag->numOfSubplans);
    QRY_ERR_RET(TSDB_CODE_QRY_INVALID_INPUT);
  }

  int32_t levelNum = (int32_t)LIST_LENGTH(pDag->pSubplans);
  if (levelNum <= 0) {
    qError("invalid level num:%d", levelNum);
    QRY_ERR_RET(TSDB_CODE_QRY_INVALID_INPUT);
  }

  pCtx->groupHash = taosHashInit(EXPLAIN_MAX_GROUP_NUM, taosGetDefaultHashFunction(TSDB_DATA_TYPE_INT),
                                 false, HASH_NO_LOCK);
  if (NULL == pCtx->groupHash) {
    qError("groupHash %d failed", EXPLAIN_MAX_GROUP_NUM);
    QRY_ERR_RET(terrno);
  }

  int32_t i = 0;
  SNode*  levelNode = NULL;
  FOREACH(levelNode, pDag->pSubplans) {
    plans = (SNodeListNode *)levelNode;
    if (NULL == plans) {
      qError("empty level plan, level:%d", i);
      QRY_ERR_JRET(TSDB_CODE_QRY_INVALID_INPUT);
    }

    taskNum = (int32_t)LIST_LENGTH(plans->pNodeList);
    if (taskNum <= 0) {
      qError("invalid level plan number:%d, level:%d", taskNum, i);
      QRY_ERR_JRET(TSDB_CODE_QRY_INVALID_INPUT);
    }

    SSubplan *plan = NULL;
    int32_t   n = 0;
    SNode*    taskNode = NULL;
    FOREACH(taskNode, plans->pNodeList) {
      plan = (SSubplan *)taskNode;
      pGroup = taosHashGet(pCtx->groupHash, &plan->id.groupId, sizeof(plan->id.groupId));
      if (pGroup) {
        ++pGroup->nodeNum;
        ++n;
        continue;
      }

      SExplainGroup group = {0};
      group.nodeNum = 1;
      group.plan = plan;

      if (0 != taosHashPut(pCtx->groupHash, &plan->id.groupId, sizeof(plan->id.groupId), &group, sizeof(group))) {
        qError("taosHashPut to explainGroupHash failed, taskIdx:%d", n);
        QRY_ERR_JRET(terrno);
      }
      ++n;
    }

    if (0 == i) {
      if (taskNum > 1) {
        qError("invalid taskNum %d for level 0", taskNum);
        QRY_ERR_JRET(TSDB_CODE_QRY_INVALID_INPUT);
      }

      pCtx->rootGroupId = plan->id.groupId;
    }

    qDebug("level %d group handled, taskNum:%d", i, taskNum);
    ++i;
  }

  pCtx->groupNum = taosHashGetSize(pCtx->groupHash);

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;

_return:

  if (code) {
    qError("QID:0x%" PRIx64 " %s failed since %s", pDag->queryId, __func__, tstrerror(code));
  }
  
  QRY_RET(code);
}

static int32_t qExplainBuildCtx(SQueryPlan *pDag, SExplainCtx **pCtx) {
  int32_t        code = 0;
  SNodeListNode *plans = NULL;
  int32_t        taskNum = 0;
  SExplainGroup *pGroup = NULL;
  SExplainCtx   *ctx = NULL;

  if (pDag->numOfSubplans <= 0) {
    qError("invalid subplan num:%d", pDag->numOfSubplans);
    QRY_ERR_RET(TSDB_CODE_QRY_INVALID_INPUT);
  }

  int32_t levelNum = (int32_t)LIST_LENGTH(pDag->pSubplans);
  if (levelNum <= 0) {
    qError("invalid level num:%d", levelNum);
    QRY_ERR_RET(TSDB_CODE_QRY_INVALID_INPUT);
  }

  QRY_ERR_JRET(qExplainInitCtx(&ctx, pDag->explainInfo.verbose, pDag->explainInfo.ratio, pDag->explainInfo.mode));

  QRY_ERR_JRET(qExplainBuildPlanCtx(pDag, &ctx->planCtx));
  ctx->groupNum = ctx->planCtx.groupNum;

  if (pDag->pChildren && pDag->pChildren->length > 0) {
    ctx->subPlanCtxs = taosArrayInit_s(sizeof(SExplainPlanCtx), pDag->pChildren->length);
    if (NULL == ctx->subPlanCtxs) {
      qError("taosArrayInit %d explainPlanCtx failed, error:%s", pDag->pChildren->length, tstrerror(terrno));
      QRY_ERR_JRET(terrno);
    }
    
    SNode* pNode = NULL;
    int32_t i = 0;
    FOREACH(pNode, pDag->pChildren) {
      SExplainPlanCtx* pSub = taosArrayGet(ctx->subPlanCtxs, i);
      QRY_ERR_JRET(qExplainBuildPlanCtx((SQueryPlan*)pNode, pSub));
      ctx->groupNum += pSub->groupNum;
      i++;
    }
  }

  *pCtx = ctx;

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;

_return:

  qExplainFreeCtx(ctx);

  QRY_RET(code);
}

static int32_t qExplainAppendPlanRows(SExplainCtx *pCtx) {
  if (EXPLAIN_MODE_ANALYZE != pCtx->mode) {
    return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
  }

  int32_t tlen = 0;
  char   *tbuf = pCtx->tbuf;

  // NOTE: remove comment after RATIO is implemented
  // EXPLAIN_SUM_ROW_NEW(EXPLAIN_RATIO_TIME_FORMAT, pCtx->ratio);
  // EXPLAIN_SUM_ROW_END();
  // QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(pCtx, tbuf, tlen, 0));

  EXPLAIN_SUM_ROW_NEW(EXPLAIN_PLANNING_TIME_FORMAT,
    EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(pCtx->jobStartTs - pCtx->reqStartTs));
  EXPLAIN_SUM_ROW_END();
  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(pCtx, tbuf, tlen, 0));

  EXPLAIN_SUM_ROW_NEW(EXPLAIN_EXEC_TIME_FORMAT,
    EXPLAIN_CONVERT_TS_US_TO_MS(pCtx->jobDoneTs - pCtx->jobStartTs));
  EXPLAIN_SUM_ROW_END();
  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainResAppendRow(pCtx, tbuf, tlen, 0));

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

static int32_t qExplainGenerateRsp(SExplainCtx *pCtx, SRetrieveTableRsp **pRsp) {
  int32_t level = 0;
  
  pCtx->currPlanId = -1;
  pCtx->pCurrPlanCtx = &pCtx->planCtx;
  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendGroupResRows(pCtx, pCtx->pCurrPlanCtx->rootGroupId, &level, false));
  
  if (pCtx->subPlanCtxs) {
    int32_t subNum = taosArrayGetSize(pCtx->subPlanCtxs);
    for (pCtx->currPlanId = subNum - 1; pCtx->currPlanId >= 0; --pCtx->currPlanId) {
      pCtx->pCurrPlanCtx = taosArrayGet(pCtx->subPlanCtxs, pCtx->currPlanId);
      level = 0;
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendGroupResRows(pCtx, pCtx->pCurrPlanCtx->rootGroupId, &level, false));
    }
  }
  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainAppendPlanRows(pCtx));
  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainGetRspFromCtx(pCtx, pRsp));

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

int32_t qExplainUpdateExecInfo(SExplainCtx *pCtx, SExplainPlanCtx *pCurrPlanCtx, SExplainRsp *pRspMsg, int32_t groupId, SRetrieveTableRsp **pRsp) {
  if (!pCtx || !pCurrPlanCtx || !pRspMsg || !pRsp) return TSDB_CODE_INVALID_PARA;
  SExplainResNode *node = NULL;
  int32_t          code = 0;
  bool             groupDone = false;

  SExplainGroup *group = taosHashGet(pCurrPlanCtx->groupHash, &groupId, sizeof(groupId));
  if (NULL == group) {
    qError("group %d not in groupHash", groupId);
    tFreeSExplainRsp(pRspMsg);
    QRY_ERR_RET(TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR);
  }

  taosWLockLatch(&group->lock);
  if (NULL == group->nodeExecInfo) {
    group->nodeExecInfo = taosArrayInit(group->nodeNum, sizeof(SExplainRsp));
    if (NULL == group->nodeExecInfo) {
      qError("taosArrayInit %d explainExecInfo failed", group->nodeNum);
      code = terrno;
      TAOS_CHECK_ERRNO(code);
    }

    group->physiPlanExecNum = pRspMsg->numOfPlans;
  } else if (taosArrayGetSize(group->nodeExecInfo) >= group->nodeNum) {
    qError("group execInfo already full, size:%d, nodeNum:%d", (int32_t)taosArrayGetSize(group->nodeExecInfo),
           group->nodeNum);
    code = TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR;
    TAOS_CHECK_ERRNO(code);
  }

  if (group->physiPlanExecNum != pRspMsg->numOfPlans) {
    qError("physiPlanExecNum %d mismatch with others %d in group %d", pRspMsg->numOfPlans, group->physiPlanExecNum,
           groupId);
    code = TSDB_CODE_APP_ERROR;
    TAOS_CHECK_ERRNO(code);
  }

  if(taosArrayPush(group->nodeExecInfo, pRspMsg) == NULL)
  {
    code = terrno;
    TAOS_CHECK_ERRNO(code);
  }

  groupDone = (taosArrayGetSize(group->nodeExecInfo) >= group->nodeNum);

  taosWUnLockLatch(&group->lock);

  if (groupDone && (pCtx->groupNum == atomic_add_fetch_32(&pCtx->groupDoneNum, 1))) {
    if (atomic_load_8((int8_t *)&pCtx->execDone)) {
      if (0 == taosWTryLockLatch(&pCtx->lock)) {
        QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainGenerateRsp(pCtx, pRsp));
        // LEAVE LOCK THERE
      }
    }
  }

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;

_exit:
  tFreeSExplainRsp(pRspMsg);
  taosWUnLockLatch(&group->lock);
  return code;
}

int32_t qExecStaticExplain(SQueryPlan *pDag, SRetrieveTableRsp **pRsp) {
  if (!pDag || !pRsp) return TSDB_CODE_INVALID_PARA;
  int32_t      code = 0;
  SExplainCtx *pCtx = NULL;

  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBuildCtx(pDag, &pCtx));
  QRY_ERR_JRET(qExplainGenerateRsp(pCtx, pRsp));

_return:
  qExplainFreeCtx(pCtx);
  QRY_RET(code);
}

int32_t qExecExplainBegin(SQueryPlan *pDag, SExplainCtx **pCtx, int64_t startTs) {
  if(!pDag || !pCtx) return TSDB_CODE_INVALID_PARA;
  QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainBuildCtx(pDag, pCtx));

  (*pCtx)->reqStartTs = startTs;
  (*pCtx)->jobStartTs = taosGetTimestampUs();

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

int32_t qExecExplainEnd(SExplainCtx *pCtx, SRetrieveTableRsp **pRsp) {
  if(!pCtx || !pRsp) {
    return TSDB_CODE_INVALID_PARA;
  }
  
  int32_t code = 0;
  pCtx->jobDoneTs = taosGetTimestampUs();

  atomic_store_8((int8_t *)&pCtx->execDone, true);

  if (pCtx->groupNum == atomic_load_32(&pCtx->groupDoneNum)) {
    if (0 == taosWTryLockLatch(&pCtx->lock)) {
      QRY_ERR_RET(qExplainGenerateRsp(pCtx, pRsp));
      // LEAVE LOCK THERE
    }
  }

  return TSDB_CODE_SUCCESS;
}

SExplainPlanCtx* qExplainGetCurrPlan(SExplainCtx *pCtx, int32_t subJobId) {
  return EXPLAIN_GET_CUR_PLAN_CTX(pCtx, subJobId);
}


taosdata / TDengine / #5010

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