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openmc-dev / openmc / 22555211348

01 Mar 2026 11:17PM UTC coverage: 81.415%. First build
22555211348

Pull #3843

github

web-flow
Merge 2f7487737 into 83a7b36ad
Pull Request #3843: Implement cell importance variance reduction scheme.

17518 of 25281 branches covered (69.29%)

Branch coverage included in aggregate %.

62 of 128 new or added lines in 7 files covered. (48.44%)

57731 of 67146 relevant lines covered (85.98%)

45327667.55 hits per line

Source File
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84.34
/src/geometry.cpp
1
#include "openmc/geometry.h"
2

3
#include <fmt/core.h>
4
#include <fmt/ostream.h>
5

6
#include "openmc/array.h"
7
#include "openmc/cell.h"
8
#include "openmc/constants.h"
9
#include "openmc/error.h"
10
#include "openmc/lattice.h"
11
#include "openmc/settings.h"
12
#include "openmc/simulation.h"
13
#include "openmc/string_utils.h"
14
#include "openmc/surface.h"
15

16
namespace openmc {
17

18
//==============================================================================
19
// Global variables
20
//==============================================================================
21

22
namespace model {
23

24
int root_universe {-1};
25
int n_coord_levels;
26

27
vector<int64_t> overlap_check_count;
28

29
} // namespace model
30

31
//==============================================================================
32
// Non-member functions
33
//==============================================================================
34

35
bool check_cell_overlap(GeometryState& p, bool error)
1,321,100✔
36
{
37
  int n_coord = p.n_coord();
1,321,100✔
38

39
  // Loop through each coordinate level
40
  for (int j = 0; j < n_coord; j++) {
2,267,892✔
41
    Universe& univ = *model::universes[p.coord(j).universe()];
1,321,100✔
42

43
    // Loop through each cell on this level
44
    for (auto index_cell : univ.cells_) {
4,468,992✔
45
      Cell& c = *model::cells[index_cell];
3,522,200✔
46
      if (c.contains(p.coord(j).r(), p.coord(j).u(), p.surface())) {
3,522,200✔
47
        if (index_cell != p.coord(j).cell()) {
1,250,854✔
48
          if (error) {
374,308!
49
            fatal_error(
×
50
              fmt::format("Overlapping cells detected: {}, {} on universe {}",
×
51
                c.id_, model::cells[p.coord(j).cell()]->id_, univ.id_));
×
52
          }
53
          return true;
1,321,100✔
54
        }
55
#pragma omp atomic
478,116✔
56
        ++model::overlap_check_count[index_cell];
876,546✔
57
      }
58
    }
59
  }
60

61
  return false;
62
}
63

64
//==============================================================================
65

66
int cell_instance_at_level(const GeometryState& p, int level)
2,147,483,647✔
67
{
68
  // throw error if the requested level is too deep for the geometry
69
  if (level > model::n_coord_levels) {
2,147,483,647!
70
    fatal_error(fmt::format("Cell instance at level {} requested, but only {} "
×
71
                            "levels exist in the geometry.",
72
      level, p.n_coord()));
73
  }
74

75
  // determine the cell instance
76
  Cell& c {*model::cells[p.coord(level).cell()]};
2,147,483,647!
77

78
  // quick exit if this cell doesn't have distribcell instances
79
  if (c.distribcell_index_ == C_NONE)
2,147,483,647!
80
    return C_NONE;
81

82
  // compute the cell's instance
83
  int instance = 0;
84
  for (int i = 0; i < level; i++) {
2,147,483,647✔
85
    const auto& c_i {*model::cells[p.coord(i).cell()]};
2,147,483,647✔
86
    if (c_i.type_ == Fill::UNIVERSE) {
2,147,483,647✔
87
      instance += c_i.offset_[c.distribcell_index_];
1,060,214,485✔
88
    } else if (c_i.type_ == Fill::LATTICE) {
1,243,507,139!
89
      instance += c_i.offset_[c.distribcell_index_];
1,243,507,139✔
90
      auto& lat {*model::lattices[p.coord(i + 1).lattice()]};
1,243,507,139✔
91
      const auto& i_xyz {p.coord(i + 1).lattice_index()};
1,243,507,139✔
92
      if (lat.are_valid_indices(i_xyz)) {
1,243,507,139✔
93
        instance += lat.offset(c.distribcell_index_, i_xyz);
1,238,623,172✔
94
      }
95
    }
96
  }
97
  return instance;
98
}
99

100
double cell_importance_at_level(const Particle& p, int level)
1,671,475,204✔
101
{
102
  // throw error if the requested level is too deep for the geometry
103
  if (level > model::n_coord_levels) {
1,671,475,204!
NEW
104
    fatal_error(
×
NEW
105
      fmt::format("Cell importance at level {} requested, but only {} "
×
106
                  "levels exist in the geometry.",
107
        level, p.n_coord()));
108
  }
109
  int j = -1;
1,671,475,204✔
110
  if (p.type().is_neutron())
1,671,475,204✔
111
    j = 0;
112
  else if (p.type().is_photon())
4,550,183!
113
    j = 1;
114
  else
115
    return 1.0;
116

117
  // determine the cell instance
118
  Cell& c {*model::cells[p.coord(level).cell()]};
1,671,475,204✔
119

120
  // compute the cell's instance and importance
121
  int instance = 0.0;
1,671,475,204✔
122
  double importance = 1.0;
1,671,475,204✔
123
  for (int i = 0; i < level; i++) {
2,147,483,647✔
124
    const auto& c_i {*model::cells[p.coord(i).cell()]};
865,689,308✔
125
    if (c_i.type_ == Fill::UNIVERSE) {
865,689,308✔
126
      instance += c_i.offset_[c.distribcell_index_];
478,403,628✔
127
    } else if (c_i.type_ == Fill::LATTICE) {
387,285,680!
128
      instance += c_i.offset_[c.distribcell_index_];
387,285,680✔
129
      auto& lat {*model::lattices[p.coord(i + 1).lattice()]};
387,285,680✔
130
      const auto& i_xyz {p.coord(i + 1).lattice_index()};
387,285,680✔
131
      if (lat.are_valid_indices(i_xyz)) {
387,285,680✔
132
        instance += lat.offset(c.distribcell_index_, i_xyz);
386,200,002✔
133
      }
134
    }
135
    importance *= c_i.importance(j, instance);
865,689,308✔
136
  }
137
  return importance;
138
}
139

140
//==============================================================================
141

142
bool find_cell_inner(
2,147,483,647✔
143
  GeometryState& p, const NeighborList* neighbor_list, bool verbose)
144
{
145
  // Find which cell of this universe the particle is in.  Use the neighbor list
146
  // to shorten the search if one was provided.
147
  bool found = false;
2,147,483,647✔
148
  int32_t i_cell = C_NONE;
2,147,483,647✔
149
  if (neighbor_list) {
2,147,483,647✔
150
    for (auto it = neighbor_list->cbegin(); it != neighbor_list->cend(); ++it) {
2,045,838,272✔
151
      i_cell = *it;
2,044,237,482!
152

153
      // Make sure the search cell is in the same universe.
154
      int i_universe = p.lowest_coord().universe();
2,044,237,482!
155
      if (model::cells[i_cell]->universe_ != i_universe)
2,044,237,482!
156
        continue;
×
157

158
      // Check if this cell contains the particle.
159
      Position r {p.r_local()};
2,044,237,482✔
160
      Direction u {p.u_local()};
2,044,237,482✔
161
      auto surf = p.surface();
2,044,237,482✔
162
      if (model::cells[i_cell]->contains(r, u, surf)) {
2,044,237,482✔
163
        p.lowest_coord().cell() = i_cell;
1,639,953,481✔
164
        found = true;
1,639,953,481✔
165
        break;
1,639,953,481✔
166
      }
167
    }
168

169
    // If we're attempting a neighbor list search and fail, we
170
    // now know we should return false. This will trigger an
171
    // exhaustive search from neighbor_list_find_cell and make
172
    // the result from that be appended to the neighbor list.
173
    if (!found) {
1,641,554,271✔
174
      return found;
175
    }
176
  }
177

178
  // Check successively lower coordinate levels until finding material fill
179
  for (;; ++p.n_coord()) {
2,147,483,647✔
180
    // If we did not attempt to use neighbor lists, i_cell is still C_NONE.  In
181
    // that case, we should now do an exhaustive search to find the right value
182
    // of i_cell.
183
    //
184
    // Alternatively, neighbor list searches could have succeeded, but we found
185
    // that the fill of the neighbor cell was another universe. As such, in the
186
    // code below this conditional, we set i_cell back to C_NONE to indicate
187
    // that.
188
    if (i_cell == C_NONE) {
2,147,483,647✔
189
      int i_universe = p.lowest_coord().universe();
1,657,600,210✔
190
      const auto& univ {model::universes[i_universe]};
1,657,600,210✔
191
      found = univ->find_cell(p);
1,657,600,210✔
192
    }
193

194
    if (!found) {
2,147,483,647✔
195
      return found;
196
    }
197
    i_cell = p.lowest_coord().cell();
2,147,483,647!
198

199
    // Announce the cell that the particle is entering.
200
    if (found && verbose) {
2,147,483,647!
201
      auto msg = fmt::format("    Entering cell {}", model::cells[i_cell]->id_);
×
202
      write_message(msg, 1);
×
203
    }
×
204

205
    Cell& c {*model::cells[i_cell]};
2,147,483,647✔
206
    if (c.type_ == Fill::MATERIAL) {
2,147,483,647✔
207
      // Found a material cell which means this is the lowest coord level.
208

209
      p.cell_instance() = 0;
2,147,483,647✔
210
      // Find the distribcell instance number.
211
      if (c.distribcell_index_ >= 0) {
2,147,483,647✔
212
        p.cell_instance() = cell_instance_at_level(p, p.n_coord() - 1);
2,147,483,647✔
213
      }
214

215
      // Set the material, temperature and density multiplier.
216
      p.material_last() = p.material();
2,147,483,647✔
217
      p.material() = c.material(p.cell_instance());
2,147,483,647✔
218
      p.sqrtkT_last() = p.sqrtkT();
2,147,483,647✔
219
      p.sqrtkT() = c.sqrtkT(p.cell_instance());
2,147,483,647✔
220
      p.density_mult_last() = p.density_mult();
2,147,483,647✔
221
      p.density_mult() = c.density_mult(p.cell_instance());
2,147,483,647✔
222

223
      return true;
2,147,483,647✔
224

225
    } else if (c.type_ == Fill::UNIVERSE) {
396,965,020✔
226
      //========================================================================
227
      //! Found a lower universe, update this coord level then search the next.
228

229
      // Set the lower coordinate level universe.
230
      auto& coord {p.coord(p.n_coord())};
249,733,804✔
231
      coord.universe() = c.fill_;
249,733,804✔
232

233
      // Set the position and direction.
234
      coord.r() = p.r_local();
249,733,804✔
235
      coord.u() = p.u_local();
249,733,804✔
236

237
      // Apply translation.
238
      coord.r() -= c.translation_;
249,733,804✔
239

240
      // Apply rotation.
241
      if (!c.rotation_.empty()) {
249,733,804✔
242
        coord.rotate(c.rotation_);
2,211,858✔
243
      }
244

245
    } else if (c.type_ == Fill::LATTICE) {
147,231,216!
246
      //========================================================================
247
      //! Found a lower lattice, update this coord level then search the next.
248

249
      Lattice& lat {*model::lattices[c.fill_]};
147,231,216✔
250

251
      // Set the position and direction.
252
      auto& coord {p.coord(p.n_coord())};
147,231,216✔
253
      coord.r() = p.r_local();
147,231,216✔
254
      coord.u() = p.u_local();
147,231,216✔
255

256
      // Apply translation.
257
      coord.r() -= c.translation_;
147,231,216✔
258

259
      // Apply rotation.
260
      if (!c.rotation_.empty()) {
147,231,216✔
261
        coord.rotate(c.rotation_);
358,336✔
262
      }
263

264
      // Determine lattice indices.
265
      auto& i_xyz {coord.lattice_index()};
147,231,216✔
266
      lat.get_indices(coord.r(), coord.u(), i_xyz);
147,231,216✔
267

268
      // Get local position in appropriate lattice cell
269
      coord.r() = lat.get_local_position(coord.r(), i_xyz);
147,231,216✔
270

271
      // Set lattice indices.
272
      coord.lattice() = c.fill_;
147,231,216✔
273

274
      // Set the lower coordinate level universe.
275
      if (lat.are_valid_indices(i_xyz)) {
147,231,216✔
276
        coord.universe() = lat[i_xyz];
142,347,249✔
277
      } else {
278
        if (lat.outer_ != NO_OUTER_UNIVERSE) {
4,883,967!
279
          coord.universe() = lat.outer_;
4,883,967✔
280
        } else {
281
          p.mark_as_lost(fmt::format(
×
282
            "Particle {} left lattice {}, but it has no outer definition.",
283
            p.id(), lat.id_));
×
284
        }
285
      }
286
    }
287
    i_cell = C_NONE; // trip non-neighbor cell search at next iteration
396,965,020✔
288
    found = false;
396,965,020✔
289
  }
290

291
  return found;
292
}
293

294
//==============================================================================
295

296
bool neighbor_list_find_cell(GeometryState& p, bool verbose)
1,641,554,271✔
297
{
298

299
  // Reset all the deeper coordinate levels.
300
  for (int i = p.n_coord(); i < model::n_coord_levels; i++) {
2,147,483,647✔
301
    p.coord(i).reset();
752,563,995✔
302
  }
303

304
  // Get the cell this particle was in previously.
305
  auto coord_lvl = p.n_coord() - 1;
1,641,554,271✔
306
  auto i_cell = p.coord(coord_lvl).cell();
1,641,554,271✔
307
  Cell& c {*model::cells[i_cell]};
1,641,554,271✔
308

309
  // Search for the particle in that cell's neighbor list.  Return if we
310
  // found the particle.
311
  bool found = find_cell_inner(p, &c.neighbors_, verbose);
1,641,554,271✔
312
  if (found)
1,641,554,271✔
313
    return found;
314

315
  // The particle could not be found in the neighbor list.  Try searching all
316
  // cells in this universe, and update the neighbor list if we find a new
317
  // neighboring cell.
318
  found = find_cell_inner(p, nullptr, verbose);
1,600,790✔
319
  if (found)
1,600,790✔
320
    c.neighbors_.push_back(p.coord(coord_lvl).cell());
29,119✔
321
  return found;
322
}
323

324
bool exhaustive_find_cell(GeometryState& p, bool verbose)
1,259,034,400✔
325
{
326
  int i_universe = p.lowest_coord().universe();
1,259,034,400✔
327
  if (i_universe == C_NONE) {
1,259,034,400✔
328
    p.coord(0).universe() = model::root_universe;
289,129,629✔
329
    p.n_coord() = 1;
289,129,629✔
330
    i_universe = model::root_universe;
289,129,629✔
331
  }
332
  // Reset all the deeper coordinate levels.
333
  for (int i = p.n_coord(); i < model::n_coord_levels; i++) {
1,337,497,554✔
334
    p.coord(i).reset();
156,926,308✔
335
  }
336
  return find_cell_inner(p, nullptr, verbose);
1,259,034,400✔
337
}
338

339
//==============================================================================
340

341
void cross_lattice(GeometryState& p, const BoundaryInfo& boundary, bool verbose)
750,250,799✔
342
{
343
  auto& coord {p.lowest_coord()};
750,250,799!
344
  auto& lat {*model::lattices[coord.lattice()]};
750,250,799!
345

346
  if (verbose) {
750,250,799!
347
    write_message(
×
348
      fmt::format("    Crossing lattice {}. Current position ({},{},{}). r={}",
×
349
        lat.id_, coord.lattice_index()[0], coord.lattice_index()[1],
×
350
        coord.lattice_index()[2], p.r()),
×
351
      1);
352
  }
353

354
  // Set the lattice indices.
355
  coord.lattice_index()[0] += boundary.lattice_translation()[0];
750,250,799✔
356
  coord.lattice_index()[1] += boundary.lattice_translation()[1];
750,250,799✔
357
  coord.lattice_index()[2] += boundary.lattice_translation()[2];
750,250,799✔
358

359
  // Set the new coordinate position.
360
  const auto& upper_coord {p.coord(p.n_coord() - 2)};
750,250,799✔
361
  const auto& cell {model::cells[upper_coord.cell()]};
750,250,799✔
362
  Position r = upper_coord.r();
750,250,799✔
363
  r -= cell->translation_;
750,250,799✔
364
  if (!cell->rotation_.empty()) {
750,250,799✔
365
    r = r.rotate(cell->rotation_);
471,647✔
366
  }
367
  p.r_local() = lat.get_local_position(r, coord.lattice_index());
750,250,799✔
368

369
  if (!lat.are_valid_indices(coord.lattice_index())) {
750,250,799✔
370
    // The particle is outside the lattice.  Search for it from the base coords.
371
    p.n_coord() = 1;
3,714,425✔
372
    bool found = exhaustive_find_cell(p);
3,714,425✔
373

374
    if (!found) {
3,714,425!
375
      p.mark_as_lost(fmt::format("Particle {} could not be located after "
×
376
                                 "crossing a boundary of lattice {}",
377
        p.id(), lat.id_));
×
378
    }
379

380
  } else {
381
    // Find cell in next lattice element.
382
    p.lowest_coord().universe() = lat[coord.lattice_index()];
746,536,374✔
383
    bool found = exhaustive_find_cell(p);
746,536,374✔
384

385
    if (!found) {
746,536,374!
386
      // A particle crossing the corner of a lattice tile may not be found.  In
387
      // this case, search for it from the base coords.
388
      p.n_coord() = 1;
×
389
      bool found = exhaustive_find_cell(p);
×
390
      if (!found) {
×
391
        p.mark_as_lost(fmt::format("Particle {} could not be located after "
×
392
                                   "crossing a boundary of lattice {}",
393
          p.id(), lat.id_));
×
394
      }
395
    }
396
  }
397
}
750,250,799✔
398

399
//==============================================================================
400

401
BoundaryInfo distance_to_boundary(GeometryState& p)
2,147,483,647✔
402
{
403
  BoundaryInfo info;
2,147,483,647✔
404
  double d_lat = INFINITY;
2,147,483,647✔
405
  double d_surf = INFINITY;
2,147,483,647✔
406
  int32_t level_surf_cross;
2,147,483,647✔
407
  array<int, 3> level_lat_trans {};
2,147,483,647✔
408

409
  // Loop over each coordinate level.
410
  for (int i = 0; i < p.n_coord(); i++) {
2,147,483,647✔
411
    const auto& coord {p.coord(i)};
2,147,483,647✔
412
    const Position& r {coord.r()};
2,147,483,647✔
413
    const Direction& u {coord.u()};
2,147,483,647✔
414
    Cell& c {*model::cells[coord.cell()]};
2,147,483,647✔
415

416
    // Find the oncoming surface in this cell and the distance to it.
417
    auto surface_distance = c.distance(r, u, p.surface(), &p);
2,147,483,647✔
418
    d_surf = surface_distance.first;
2,147,483,647✔
419
    level_surf_cross = surface_distance.second;
2,147,483,647✔
420

421
    // Find the distance to the next lattice tile crossing.
422
    if (coord.lattice() != C_NONE) {
2,147,483,647✔
423
      auto& lat {*model::lattices[coord.lattice()]};
1,325,732,939!
424
      // TODO: refactor so both lattice use the same position argument (which
425
      // also means the lat.type attribute can be removed)
426
      std::pair<double, array<int, 3>> lattice_distance;
1,325,732,939✔
427
      switch (lat.type_) {
1,325,732,939!
428
      case LatticeType::rect:
1,240,229,642✔
429
        lattice_distance = lat.distance(r, u, coord.lattice_index());
1,240,229,642✔
430
        break;
1,240,229,642✔
431
      case LatticeType::hex:
85,503,297✔
432
        auto& cell_above {model::cells[p.coord(i - 1).cell()]};
85,503,297✔
433
        Position r_hex {p.coord(i - 1).r()};
85,503,297✔
434
        r_hex -= cell_above->translation_;
85,503,297✔
435
        if (coord.rotated()) {
85,503,297✔
436
          r_hex = r_hex.rotate(cell_above->rotation_);
701,954✔
437
        }
438
        r_hex.z = coord.r().z;
85,503,297✔
439
        lattice_distance = lat.distance(r_hex, u, coord.lattice_index());
85,503,297✔
440
        break;
85,503,297✔
441
      }
442
      d_lat = lattice_distance.first;
1,325,732,939✔
443
      level_lat_trans = lattice_distance.second;
1,325,732,939✔
444

445
      if (d_lat < 0) {
1,325,732,939!
446
        p.mark_as_lost(fmt::format("Particle {} had a negative distance "
×
447
                                   "to a lattice boundary.",
448
          p.id()));
×
449
      }
450
    }
451

452
    // If the boundary on this coordinate level is coincident with a boundary on
453
    // a higher level then we need to make sure that the higher level boundary
454
    // is selected.  This logic must consider floating point precision.
455
    double& d = info.distance();
2,147,483,647✔
456
    if (d_surf < d_lat - FP_COINCIDENT) {
2,147,483,647✔
457
      if (d == INFINITY || (d - d_surf) / d >= FP_REL_PRECISION) {
2,147,483,647✔
458
        // Update closest distance
459
        d = d_surf;
2,147,483,647✔
460

461
        // If the cell is not simple, it is possible that both the negative and
462
        // positive half-space were given in the region specification. Thus, we
463
        // have to explicitly check which half-space the particle would be
464
        // traveling into if the surface is crossed
465
        if (c.is_simple() || d == INFTY) {
2,147,483,647✔
466
          info.surface() = level_surf_cross;
2,147,483,647✔
467
        } else {
468
          Position r_hit = r + d_surf * u;
13,190,177✔
469
          Surface& surf {*model::surfaces[std::abs(level_surf_cross) - 1]};
13,190,177✔
470
          Direction norm = surf.normal(r_hit);
13,190,177✔
471
          if (u.dot(norm) > 0) {
13,190,177✔
472
            info.surface() = std::abs(level_surf_cross);
6,582,734✔
473
          } else {
474
            info.surface() = -std::abs(level_surf_cross);
6,607,443✔
475
          }
476
        }
477

478
        info.lattice_translation()[0] = 0;
2,147,483,647✔
479
        info.lattice_translation()[1] = 0;
2,147,483,647✔
480
        info.lattice_translation()[2] = 0;
2,147,483,647✔
481
        info.coord_level() = i + 1;
2,147,483,647✔
482
      }
483
    } else {
484
      if (d == INFINITY || (d - d_lat) / d >= FP_REL_PRECISION) {
1,091,196,848!
485
        d = d_lat;
887,451,617✔
486
        info.surface() = SURFACE_NONE;
887,451,617✔
487
        info.lattice_translation() = level_lat_trans;
887,451,617✔
488
        info.coord_level() = i + 1;
887,451,617✔
489
      }
490
    }
491
  }
492
  return info;
2,147,483,647✔
493
}
494

495
//==============================================================================
496
// C API
497
//==============================================================================
498

499
extern "C" int openmc_find_cell(
600,308✔
500
  const double* xyz, int32_t* index, int32_t* instance)
501
{
502
  GeometryState geom_state;
600,308✔
503

504
  geom_state.r() = Position {xyz};
600,308✔
505
  geom_state.u() = {0.0, 0.0, 1.0};
600,308✔
506

507
  if (!exhaustive_find_cell(geom_state)) {
600,308✔
508
    set_errmsg(
11✔
509
      fmt::format("Could not find cell at position {}.", geom_state.r()));
11✔
510
    return OPENMC_E_GEOMETRY;
11✔
511
  }
512

513
  *index = geom_state.lowest_coord().cell();
600,297✔
514
  *instance = geom_state.cell_instance();
600,297✔
515
  return 0;
600,297✔
516
}
600,308✔
517

518
extern "C" int openmc_global_bounding_box(double* llc, double* urc)
11✔
519
{
520
  auto bbox = model::universes.at(model::root_universe)->bounding_box();
11✔
521

522
  // set lower left corner values
523
  llc[0] = bbox.min.x;
11✔
524
  llc[1] = bbox.min.y;
11✔
525
  llc[2] = bbox.min.z;
11✔
526

527
  // set upper right corner values
528
  urc[0] = bbox.max.x;
11✔
529
  urc[1] = bbox.max.y;
11✔
530
  urc[2] = bbox.max.z;
11✔
531

532
  return 0;
11✔
533
}
534

535
} // namespace openmc
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