19162822888

Committed 07 Nov 2025 08:37AM UTC coverage: 81.135% (+0.1%) from 80.989%

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Commit Message

Merge pull request #1753 from evoskuil/master

Refactor stream/reader/chain object construction.

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42.62

/src/chain/block.cpp

/**
 * Copyright (c) 2011-2025 libbitcoin developers (see AUTHORS)
 *
 * This file is part of libbitcoin.
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
#include <bitcoin/system/chain/block.hpp>

#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <numeric>
#include <ranges>
#include <set>
#include <utility>
#include <bitcoin/system/chain/context.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/chain/enums/flags.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/chain/enums/magic_numbers.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/chain/enums/opcode.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/chain/point.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/chain/script.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/data/data.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/define.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/error/error.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/hash/hash.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/math/math.hpp>
#include <bitcoin/system/stream/stream.hpp>

namespace libbitcoin {
namespace system {
namespace chain {

BC_PUSH_WARNING(NO_THROW_IN_NOEXCEPT)
BC_PUSH_WARNING(NO_UNGUARDED_POINTERS)

// Constructors.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

block::block() NOEXCEPT
  : block(to_shared<chain::header>(), to_shared<transaction_cptrs>(), false)
{
}

block::block(chain::header&& header, chain::transactions&& txs) NOEXCEPT
  : block(to_shared(std::move(header)), to_shareds(std::move(txs)), true)
{
}

block::block(const chain::header& header,
    const chain::transactions& txs) NOEXCEPT
  : block(to_shared<chain::header>(header), to_shareds(txs), true)
{
}

block::block(const chain::header::cptr& header,
    const transactions_cptr& txs) NOEXCEPT
  : block(header ? header : to_shared<chain::header>(),
      txs ? txs : to_shared<transaction_cptrs>(), true)
{
}

block::block(const data_slice& data, bool witness) NOEXCEPT
  : block(stream::in::fast(data), witness)
{
}

// protected
block::block(stream::in::fast&& stream, bool witness) NOEXCEPT
  : block(read::bytes::fast(stream), witness)
{
}

block::block(stream::in::fast& stream, bool witness) NOEXCEPT
  : block(read::bytes::fast(stream), witness)
{
}

block::block(std::istream& stream, bool witness) NOEXCEPT
  : block(read::bytes::istream(stream), witness)
{
}

// protected
block::block(reader&& source, bool witness) NOEXCEPT
  : block(source, witness)
{
}

block::block(reader& source, bool witness) NOEXCEPT
  : header_(CREATE(chain::header, source.get_allocator(), source)),
    txs_(CREATE(transaction_cptrs, source.get_allocator()))
{
    assign_data(source, witness);
}

// protected
block::block(const chain::header::cptr& header,
    const transactions_cptr& txs, bool valid) NOEXCEPT
  : header_(header),
    txs_(txs),
    valid_(valid),
    size_(serialized_size(*txs))
{
}

// Operators.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

bool block::operator==(const block& other) const NOEXCEPT
{
    return (header_ == other.header_ || *header_ == *other.header_)
        && deep_equal(*txs_, *other.txs_);
}

bool block::operator!=(const block& other) const NOEXCEPT
{
    return !(*this == other);
}

// Deserialization.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

// private
void block::assign_data(reader& source, bool witness) NOEXCEPT
{
    auto& allocator = source.get_allocator();
    const auto count = source.read_size(max_block_size);
    auto txs = to_non_const_raw_ptr(txs_);
    txs->reserve(count);

    for (size_t tx = 0; tx < count; ++tx)
        txs->emplace_back(CREATE(transaction, allocator, source, witness));

    size_ = serialized_size(*txs_);
    valid_ = source;
}

void block::set_allocation(size_t allocation) const NOEXCEPT
{
    allocation_ = allocation;
}

size_t block::get_allocation() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return allocation_;
}

// Serialization.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

data_chunk block::to_data(bool witness) const NOEXCEPT
{
    data_chunk data(serialized_size(witness));
    stream::out::fast ostream(data);
    write::bytes::fast out(ostream);
    to_data(out, witness);
    return data;
}

void block::to_data(std::ostream& stream, bool witness) const NOEXCEPT
{
    write::bytes::ostream out(stream);
    to_data(out, witness);
}

void block::to_data(writer& sink, bool witness) const NOEXCEPT
{
    header_->to_data(sink);
    sink.write_variable(txs_->size());

    for (const auto& tx: *txs_)
        tx->to_data(sink, witness);
}

// Properties.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

bool block::is_valid() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return valid_;
}

size_t block::transactions() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return txs_->size();
}

const chain::header& block::header() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return *header_;
}

const chain::header::cptr block::header_ptr() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return header_;
}

// Roll up inputs for concurrent prevout processing.
const inputs_cptr block::inputs_ptr() const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto inputs = to_shared<input_cptrs>();
    const auto append_ins = [&inputs](const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
        const auto& tx_ins = tx->inputs_ptr();
        inputs->insert(inputs->end(), tx_ins->begin(), tx_ins->end());
    };

    std::for_each(txs_->begin(), txs_->end(), append_ins);
    return inputs;
}

// vector<transaction> is not exposed (because we don't have it).
// This would require a from_shared(txs_) conversion (expensive).
const transactions_cptr& block::transactions_ptr() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return txs_;
}

hashes block::transaction_hashes(bool witness) const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto count = txs_->size();
    const auto size = is_odd(count) && count > one ? add1(count) : count;
    hashes out{ size };

    // Extra allocation for odd count optimizes for merkle root.
    // Vector capacity is never reduced when resizing to smaller size.
    out.resize(count);

    const auto hash = [witness](const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
        return tx->hash(witness);
    };

    std::transform(txs_->begin(), txs_->end(), out.begin(), hash);
    return out;
}

// computed
size_t block::outputs() const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return zero;

    // Overflow returns max_size_t.
    const auto outs = [](size_t total, const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
         return ceilinged_add(total, tx->outputs());
    };

    return std::accumulate(std::next(txs_->begin()), txs_->end(), zero, outs);
}

// computed
size_t block::spends() const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return zero;

    // Overflow returns max_size_t.
    const auto ins = [](size_t total, const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
         return ceilinged_add(total, tx->inputs());
    };

    // inputs() is add1(spends()) if the block is valid (one coinbase input).
    return std::accumulate(std::next(txs_->begin()), txs_->end(), zero, ins);
}

// computed
hash_digest block::hash() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return header_->hash();
}

// computed
const hash_digest& block::get_hash() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return header_->get_hash();
}

void block::set_hashes(const data_chunk& data) NOEXCEPT
{
    constexpr auto header_size = chain::header::serialized_size();

    // Cache header hash.
    header_->set_hash(bitcoin_hash(header_size, data.data()));

    // Skip transaction count, guarded by preceding successful block construct.
    auto start = std::next(data.data(), header_size);
    std::advance(start, size_variable(*start));

    // Cache transaction hashes.
    auto coinbase = true;
    for (const auto& tx: *txs_)
    {
        const auto witness_size = tx->serialized_size(true);

        // If !witness then wire txs cannot have been segregated.
        if (tx->is_segregated())
        {
            const auto nominal_size = tx->serialized_size(false);

            tx->set_nominal_hash(transaction::desegregated_hash(
                witness_size, nominal_size, start));

            if (!coinbase)
                tx->set_witness_hash(bitcoin_hash(witness_size, start));
        }
        else
        {
            tx->set_nominal_hash(bitcoin_hash(witness_size, start));
        }

        coinbase = false;
        std::advance(start, witness_size);
    }
}

const chain_state::cptr& block::get_state() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return header_->get_state();
}

void block::set_state(const chain_state::cptr& state) const NOEXCEPT
{
    header_->set_state(state);
}

// static/private
block::sizes block::serialized_size(const transaction_cptrs& txs) NOEXCEPT
{
    sizes size{};
    std::for_each(txs.begin(), txs.end(), [&](const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
        size.nominal = ceilinged_add(size.nominal, tx->serialized_size(false));
        size.witnessed = ceilinged_add(size.witnessed,
            tx->serialized_size(true));
    });

    const auto base_size = ceilinged_add(header::serialized_size(),
        variable_size(txs.size()));

    const auto nominal_size = ceilinged_add(base_size, size.nominal);
    const auto witnessed_size = ceilinged_add(base_size, size.witnessed);

    return { nominal_size, witnessed_size };
}

size_t block::serialized_size(bool witness) const NOEXCEPT
{
    return witness ? size_.witnessed : size_.nominal;
}

// Check (context free).
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

bool block::is_empty() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return txs_->empty();
}

bool block::is_oversized() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return serialized_size(false) > max_block_size;
}

bool block::is_first_non_coinbase() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return !txs_->empty() && !txs_->front()->is_coinbase();
}

// True if there is another coinbase other than the first tx.
// No txs or coinbases returns false.
bool block::is_extra_coinbases() const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return false;

    const auto value = [](const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
        return tx->is_coinbase();
    };

    return std::any_of(std::next(txs_->begin()), txs_->end(), value);
}

//*****************************************************************************
// CONSENSUS: This is only necessary because satoshi stores and queries as it
// validates, imposing an otherwise unnecessary partial transaction ordering.
//*****************************************************************************
bool block::is_forward_reference() const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return false;

    unordered_set_of_hash_cref hashes{ sub1(txs_->size()) };
    for (auto tx = txs_->rbegin(); tx != std::prev(txs_->rend()); ++tx)
    {
        for (const auto& in: *(*tx)->inputs_ptr())
            if (hashes.contains(in->point().hash()))
                return true;

        hashes.emplace((*tx)->get_hash(false));
    }

    return false;
}

// This also precludes the block merkle calculation DoS exploit by preventing
// duplicate txs, as a duplicate non-empty tx implies a duplicate point.
// bitcointalk.org/?topic=102395
bool block::is_internal_double_spend() const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return false;

    unordered_set_of_point_cref points{ spends() };
    for (auto tx = std::next(txs_->begin()); tx != txs_->end(); ++tx)
        for (const auto& in: *(*tx)->inputs_ptr())
            if (!points.emplace(in->point()).second)
                return true;

    return false;
}

// private
hash_digest block::generate_merkle_root(bool witness) const NOEXCEPT
{
    return sha256::merkle_root(transaction_hashes(witness));
}

bool block::is_invalid_merkle_root() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return generate_merkle_root(false) != header_->merkle_root();
}

// Accept (contextual).
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

size_t block::weight() const NOEXCEPT
{
    // Block weight is 3 * nominal size * + 1 * witness size [bip141].
    return ceilinged_add(
        ceilinged_multiply(base_size_contribution, serialized_size(false)),
        ceilinged_multiply(total_size_contribution, serialized_size(true)));
}

bool block::is_overweight() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return weight() > max_block_weight;
}

bool block::is_invalid_coinbase_script(size_t height) const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty() || txs_->front()->inputs_ptr()->empty())
        return false;

    const auto& script = txs_->front()->inputs_ptr()->front()->script();
    return !script::is_coinbase_pattern(script.ops(), height);
}

// TODO: add bip50 to chain_state with timestamp range activation.
// "Special short-term limits to avoid 10,000 BDB lock limit.
// Count of unique txids <= 4500 to prevent 10000 BDB lock exhaustion.
// header.timestamp > 1363039171 && header.timestamp < 1368576000."
bool block::is_hash_limit_exceeded() const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return false;

    // A set is used to collapse duplicates.
    unordered_set_of_hash_cref hashes{ txs_->size() };

    // Just the coinbase tx hash, skip its null input hashes.
    hashes.emplace(txs_->front()->get_hash(false));

    for (auto tx = std::next(txs_->begin()); tx != txs_->end(); ++tx)
    {
        // Insert the transaction hash.
        hashes.emplace((*tx)->get_hash(false));
        const auto& inputs = (*tx)->inputs_ptr();

        // Insert all input point hashes.
        for (const auto& input: *inputs)
            hashes.emplace(input->point().hash());
    }

    return hashes.size() > hash_limit;
}

// Malleability does not imply malleated.
bool block::is_malleable() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return is_malleable64() || is_malleable32();
}

bool block::is_malleated() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return is_malleated64() || is_malleated32();
}

// Malleability does not imply malleated.
bool block::is_malleable32() const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto unmalleated = txs_->size();
    for (auto mally = one; mally <= unmalleated; mally *= two)
        if (is_malleable32(unmalleated, mally))
            return true;

    return false;
}

// Malleated32 implies malleable and invalid due to internal tx hash pairing.
bool block::is_malleated32() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return !is_zero(malleated32_size());
}

// protected
// The size of an actual malleation of this block, or zero.
size_t block::malleated32_size() const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto malleated = txs_->size();
    for (auto mally = one; mally <= to_half(malleated); mally *= two)
        if (is_malleable32(malleated - mally, mally) && is_malleated32(mally))
            return mally;

    return zero;
}

// protected
// True if the last width set of tx hashes repeats.
bool block::is_malleated32(size_t width) const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto malleated = txs_->size();
    if (is_zero(width) || width > to_half(malleated))
        return false;

    auto mally = txs_->rbegin();
    auto legit = std::next(mally, width);
    while (!is_zero(width--))
        if ((*mally++)->get_hash(false) != (*legit++)->get_hash(false))
            return false;

    return true;
}

// Malleability does not imply malleated.
bool block::is_malleable64() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return is_malleable64(*txs_);
}

// static
// If all non-witness tx serializations are 64 bytes the id is malleable.
bool block::is_malleable64(const transaction_cptrs& txs) NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto two_leaves = [](const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
        return tx->serialized_size(false) == two * hash_size;
    };

    return !txs.empty() && std::all_of(txs.begin(), txs.end(), two_leaves);
}

// Malleated64 implies malleable64 and invalid due to non-null coinbase point.
// It is considered computationally infeasible to produce malleable64 with a
// valid (null) coinbase input point.
bool block::is_malleated64() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return !txs_->empty() && !txs_->front()->is_coinbase() &&
        is_malleable64(*txs_);
}

bool block::is_segregated() const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto segregated = [](const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
        return tx->is_segregated();
    };

    return std::any_of(txs_->begin(), txs_->end(), segregated);
}

size_t block::segregated() const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto count_segregated = [](const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
        return tx->is_segregated();
    };

    return std::count_if(txs_->begin(), txs_->end(), count_segregated);
}

// Last output of commitment pattern holds the committed value [bip141].
bool block::get_witness_commitment(hash_cref& commitment) const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return false;

    const auto& outputs = *txs_->front()->outputs_ptr();
    for (const auto& output: std::views::reverse(outputs))
        if (output->committed_hash(commitment))
            return true;

    return false;
}

// Coinbase input witness must be 32 byte witness reserved value [bip141].
bool block::get_witness_reservation(hash_cref& reservation) const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return false;

    const auto& inputs = *txs_->front()->inputs_ptr();
    return !inputs.empty() && inputs.front()->reserved_hash(reservation);
}

// The witness merkle root is obtained from wtxids, subject to malleation just
// as the txs commitment. However, since tx duplicates are precluded by the
// malleable32 (or complete) block check, there is no opportunity for this.
// Similarly the witness commitment cannot be malleable64.
bool block::is_invalid_witness_commitment() const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return false;

    // Witness data (segregated) disallowed if no commitment [bip141].
    // If no block tx has witness data the commitment is optional [bip141].
    hash_cref commit{ null_hash };
    if (!get_witness_commitment(commit))
        return is_segregated();

    // If there is a witness reservation there must be a commitment [bip141].
    hash_cref reserve{ null_hash };
    if (!get_witness_reservation(reserve))
        return true;

    // If there is a valid commitment, return false (valid).
    return commit != sha256::double_hash(generate_merkle_root(true), reserve);
}

//*****************************************************************************
// CONSENSUS:
// bip42 compensates for C++ undefined behavior of a right shift of a number of
// bits greater or equal to the shifted integer width. Yet being undefined, the
// result of this operation may vary by compiler. The shift_right call below
// explicitly implements presumed pre-bip42 behavior (shift overflow modulo) by
// default, and specified bip42 behavior (shift overflow to zero) with bip42.
//*****************************************************************************
static uint64_t block_subsidy(size_t height, uint64_t subsidy_interval,
    uint64_t initial_block_subsidy_satoshi, bool bip42) NOEXCEPT
{
    // Guard: quotient domain cannot increase with positive integer divisor.
    const auto halves = possible_narrow_cast<size_t>(height / subsidy_interval);
    return shift_right(initial_block_subsidy_satoshi, halves, bip42);
}

// Prevouts required.

uint64_t block::fees() const NOEXCEPT
{
    // Overflow returns max_uint64.
    const auto value = [](uint64_t total, const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
        return ceilinged_add(total, tx->fee());
    };

    return std::accumulate(txs_->begin(), txs_->end(), uint64_t{}, value);
}

uint64_t block::claim() const NOEXCEPT
{
    return txs_->empty() ? zero : txs_->front()->value();
}

uint64_t block::reward(size_t height, uint64_t subsidy_interval,
    uint64_t initial_block_subsidy_satoshi, bool bip42) const NOEXCEPT
{
    // Overflow returns max_uint64.
    return ceilinged_add(fees(), block_subsidy(height, subsidy_interval,
        initial_block_subsidy_satoshi, bip42));
}

bool block::is_overspent(size_t height, uint64_t subsidy_interval,
    uint64_t initial_block_subsidy_satoshi, bool bip42) const NOEXCEPT
{
    return claim() > reward(height, subsidy_interval,
        initial_block_subsidy_satoshi, bip42);
}

size_t block::signature_operations(bool bip16, bool bip141) const NOEXCEPT
{
    // Overflow returns max_size_t.
    const auto value = [=](size_t total, const auto& tx) NOEXCEPT
    {
        const auto add = tx->signature_operations(bip16, bip141);
        return ceilinged_add(total, add);
    };

    return std::accumulate(txs_->begin(), txs_->end(), zero, value);
}

bool block::is_signature_operations_limited(bool bip16,
    bool bip141) const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto limit = bip141 ? max_fast_sigops : max_block_sigops;
    return signature_operations(bip16, bip141) > limit;
}

//*****************************************************************************
// CONSENSUS: check excluded under bip30 exception blocks and bip30_deactivate
// until bip30_reactivate. Those conditions are rolled up into the bip30 flag.
//*****************************************************************************
bool block::is_unspent_coinbase_collision() const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty() || txs_->front()->inputs_ptr()->empty())
        return false;

    // May only commit duplicate coinbase that is already confirmed spent.
    // Metadata population defaults coinbase to spent (not a collision).
    return !txs_->front()->inputs_ptr()->front()->metadata.spent;
}

// Search is unordered, forward refs (and duplicates) caught by block.check.
void block::populate() const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return;

    unordered_map_of_cref_point_to_output_cptr_cref points{ outputs() };
    uint32_t index{};

    // Populate outputs hash table (coinbase included).
    for (auto tx = txs_->begin(); tx != txs_->end(); ++tx, index = 0)
        for (const auto& out: *(*tx)->outputs_ptr())
            points.emplace(cref_point{ (*tx)->get_hash(false), index++ }, out);

    // Populate input prevouts from hash table.
    for (auto tx = std::next(txs_->begin()); tx != txs_->end(); ++tx)
    {
        for (const auto& in: *(*tx)->inputs_ptr())
        {
            // Map chain::point to cref_point for search, should optimize away.
            const auto point = points.find({ in->point().hash(),
                in->point().index() });

            if (point != points.end())
                in->prevout = point->second;
        }
    }
}

code block::populate_with_metadata(const chain::context& ctx) const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (txs_->empty())
        return error::block_success;

    const auto bip68 = ctx.is_enabled(chain::flags::bip68_rule);
    unordered_map_of_cref_point_to_output_cptr_cref points{ outputs() };
    uint32_t index{};

    // Populate outputs hash table (coinbase included).
    for (auto tx = txs_->begin(); tx != txs_->end(); ++tx, index = 0)
        for (const auto& out: *(*tx)->outputs_ptr())
            points.emplace(cref_point{ (*tx)->get_hash(false), index++ }, out);

    // Populate input prevouts from hash table and obtain maturity.
    for (auto tx = std::next(txs_->begin()); tx != txs_->end(); ++tx)
    {
        for (const auto& in: *(*tx)->inputs_ptr())
        {
            // Map chain::point to cref_point for search, should optimize away.
            const auto point = points.find({ in->point().hash(),
                in->point().index() });

            if (point != points.end())
            {
                // Zero maturity coinbase spend is immature.
                const auto lock = (bip68 && (*tx)->is_internally_locked(*in));
                const auto immature = !is_zero(coinbase_maturity) &&
                    (in->point().hash() == txs_->front()->get_hash(false));

                in->prevout = point->second;
                if ((in->metadata.locked = (immature || lock)))
                {
                    // Shortcircuit population and return above error.
                    return immature ? error::coinbase_maturity : 
                        error::relative_time_locked;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return error::block_success;
}

// Delegated.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

// DO invoke on coinbase.
code block::check_transactions() const NOEXCEPT
{
    for (const auto& tx: *txs_)
        if (const auto ec = tx->check())
            return ec;

    return error::block_success;
}

// DO invoke on coinbase.
code block::check_transactions(const context& ctx) const NOEXCEPT
{
    for (const auto& tx: *txs_)
        if (const auto ec = tx->check(ctx))
            return ec;

    return error::block_success;
}

// Do NOT invoke on coinbase.
code block::accept_transactions(const context& ctx) const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (!is_empty())
        for (auto tx = std::next(txs_->begin()); tx != txs_->end(); ++tx)
            if (const auto ec = (*tx)->accept(ctx))
                return ec;

    return error::block_success;
}

// Do NOT invoke on coinbase.
code block::connect_transactions(const context& ctx) const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (!is_empty())
        for (auto tx = std::next(txs_->begin()); tx != txs_->end(); ++tx)
            if (const auto ec = (*tx)->connect(ctx))
                return ec;

    return error::block_success;
}

// Do NOT invoke on coinbase.
code block::confirm_transactions(const context& ctx) const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (!is_empty())
        for (auto tx = std::next(txs_->begin()); tx != txs_->end(); ++tx)
            if (const auto ec = (*tx)->confirm(ctx))
                return ec;

    return error::block_success;
}

// Identity.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

code block::identify() const NOEXCEPT
{
    if (is_malleated() || is_invalid_merkle_root())
        return error::invalid_transaction_commitment;

    return error::block_success;
}

// bip141 should be disabled when the node is not accepting witness data.
code block::identify(const context& ctx) const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto bip141 = ctx.is_enabled(bip141_rule);

    if (bip141 && is_invalid_witness_commitment())
        return error::invalid_witness_commitment;

    return error::block_success;
}

// Validation.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// In the case of validation failure
// The block header is checked/accepted independently.

// Use of get_hash() in is_forward_reference makes this thread-unsafe.
code block::check() const NOEXCEPT
{
    // empty_block is subset of first_not_coinbase.
    // type64 malleated is a subset of first_not_coinbase.
    // type32 malleated is a subset of is_internal_double_spend.
    if (is_oversized())
        return error::block_size_limit;
    if (is_first_non_coinbase())
        return (is_empty() ? error::empty_block :
            (is_malleated() ? error::invalid_transaction_commitment :
                error::first_not_coinbase));
    if (is_extra_coinbases())
        return error::extra_coinbases;
    if (is_forward_reference())
        return error::forward_reference;
    if (is_internal_double_spend())
        return is_malleated() ? error::invalid_transaction_commitment : 
            error::block_internal_double_spend;
    if (is_invalid_merkle_root())
        return error::invalid_transaction_commitment;

    return check_transactions();
}

// forks
// height
// timestamp
// median_time_past

// Use of get_hash() in is_hash_limit_exceeded makes this thread-unsafe.
// bip141 should be disabled when the node is not accepting witness data.
code block::check(const context& ctx) const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto bip141 = ctx.is_enabled(bip141_rule);
    const auto bip34 = ctx.is_enabled(bip34_rule);
    const auto bip50 = ctx.is_enabled(bip50_rule);

    if (bip141 && is_overweight())
        return error::block_weight_limit;
    if (bip34 && is_invalid_coinbase_script(ctx.height))
        return error::coinbase_height_mismatch;
    if (bip50 && is_hash_limit_exceeded())
        return error::temporary_hash_limit;
    if (bip141 && is_invalid_witness_commitment())
        return error::invalid_witness_commitment;

    return check_transactions(ctx);
}

// forks
// height

// This assumes that prevout caching is completed on all inputs.
code block::accept(const context& ctx, size_t subsidy_interval,
    uint64_t initial_subsidy) const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto bip16 = ctx.is_enabled(bip16_rule);
    const auto bip42 = ctx.is_enabled(bip42_rule);
    const auto bip141 = ctx.is_enabled(bip141_rule);

    // prevouts required.
    if (is_overspent(ctx.height, subsidy_interval, initial_subsidy, bip42))
        return error::coinbase_value_limit;
    if (is_signature_operations_limited(bip16, bip141))
        return error::block_sigop_limit;

    return accept_transactions(ctx);
}

// forks

// Node performs these checks through database query.
// This assumes that prevout and metadata caching are completed on all inputs.
code block::confirm(const context& ctx) const NOEXCEPT
{
    const auto bip30 = ctx.is_enabled(bip30_rule);

    if (bip30 && is_unspent_coinbase_collision())
        return error::unspent_coinbase_collision;

    return confirm_transactions(ctx);
}

// forks

// This assumes that prevout caching is completed on all inputs.
code block::connect(const context& ctx) const NOEXCEPT
{
    return connect_transactions(ctx);
}

BC_POP_WARNING()
BC_POP_WARNING()

// JSON value convertors.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

DEFINE_JSON_TO_TAG(block)
{
    return
    {
        value_to<header>(value.at("header")),
        value_to<transactions>(value.at("transactions"))
    };
}

DEFINE_JSON_FROM_TAG(block)
{
    value =
    {
        { "header", value_from(instance.header()) },
        { "transactions", value_from(*instance.transactions_ptr()) },
    };
}

DEFINE_JSON_TO_TAG(block::cptr)
{
    return to_shared(tag_invoke(to_tag<block>{}, value));
}

DEFINE_JSON_FROM_TAG(block::cptr)
{
    tag_invoke(from_tag{}, value, *instance);
}

} // namespace chain
} // namespace system
} // namespace libbitcoin

libbitcoin / libbitcoin-system / 19162822888

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