16110004339

Committed 07 Jul 2025 06:53AM UTC coverage: 94.311% (-0.3%) from 94.571%

Build # 16110004339

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Co-authored-by: mtsch <matijacufar@gmail.com>

Pull Request Pull Request #330: Unified ModeMap Type

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/src/BitStringAddresses/fermifs.jl

"""
    FermiFS{N,M,S} <: SingleComponentFockAddress

Address type that represents a Fock state of `N` fermions of the same spin in `M` modes by
wrapping a [`BitString`](@ref), or a [`SortedParticleList`](@ref). Which is wrapped is
chosen automatically based on the properties of the address.

# Constructors

* `FermiFS{[N,M]}(val::Integer...)`: Create `FermiFS{N,M}` from occupation numbers. This is
  type-stable if the number of modes `M` and the number of particles `N` are provided.
  Otherwise, `M` and `N` are inferred from the arguments.

* `FermiFS{[N,M]}(onr)`: Create `FermiFS{N,M}`  from occupation number representation, see
  [`onr`](@ref). This is efficient if `N` and `M` are provided, and `onr` is a
  statically-sized collection, such as a `Tuple{M}` or `SVector{M}`.

* `FermiFS{[N,M]}([M, ]pairs...)`: Provide the number of modes `M` and pairs of the form
  `mode => 1`. If `M` is provided as a type parameter, it should not be provided as the
  first argument.  Useful for creating sparse addresses. `pairs` can be multiple arguments
  or an iterator of pairs.

* `FermiFS{N,M,S}(bs::S)`: Unsafe constructor. Does not check whether the number of
  particles in `bs` is equal to `N`, or whether each mode only contains one particle.

* [`@fs_str`](@ref): Addresses are sometimes printed in a compact manner. This
  representation can also be used as a constructor. See the examples below.

# Examples

```jldoctest
julia> FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)
FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)

julia> FermiFS([abs(i - 3) ≤ 1 for i in 1:5])
FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)

julia> FermiFS(5, 2 => 1, 3 => 1, 4 => 1)
FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)

julia> FermiFS{3,5}(i => 1 for i in 2:4)
FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)

julia> fs"|⋅↑↑↑⋅⟩"
FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)

julia> fs"|f 5: 2 3 4⟩"
FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)
```

See also: [`SingleComponentFockAddress`](@ref), [`BoseFS`](@ref), [`CompositeFS`](@ref),
[`FermiFS2C`](@ref), [`BitString`](@ref), [`OccupationNumberFS`](@ref).
"""
struct FermiFS{N,M,S} <: SingleComponentFockAddress{N,M}
    bs::S
end

function check_fermi_onr(onr, N, M)
    sum(onr) == N ||
        throw(ArgumentError("Invalid ONR: $N particles expected, $(sum(onr)) given."))
    length(onr) == M ||
        throw(ArgumentError("Invalid ONR: $M modes expected, $(length(onr)) given."))
    all(in((0, 1)), onr) ||
        throw(ArgumentError("Invalid ONR: may only contain 0s and 1s."))
end

function FermiFS{N,M,S}(onr::Union{SVector{M},MVector{M},NTuple{M}}) where {N,M,S}
    @boundscheck begin
        check_fermi_onr(onr, N, M)
        if S <: BitString
            M == num_bits(S) || throw(ArgumentError(
                "invalid ONR: $B-bit BitString does not fit $M modes"
            ))
        elseif S <: SortedParticleList
            N == num_particles(S) && M == num_modes(S) || throw(ArgumentError(
                "invalid ONR: $S does not fit $N particles in $M modes"
            ))
        end
    end
    return FermiFS{N,M,S}(from_fermi_onr(S, onr))
end
function FermiFS{N,M}(onr::Union{AbstractArray{<:Integer},NTuple{M,<:Integer}}) where {N,M}
    @boundscheck check_fermi_onr(onr, N, M)
    spl_type = select_int_type(M)
    # Pick smaller address type, but prefer dense.
    # Alway pick dense if it fits into one chunk.

    # Compute the size of container in words
    sparse_sizeof = ceil(Int, N * sizeof(spl_type) / 8)
    dense_sizeof = ceil(Int, M / 64)
    if dense_sizeof == 1 || dense_sizeof ≤ sparse_sizeof
        S = typeof(BitString{M}(0))
    else
        S = SortedParticleList{N,M,spl_type}
    end
    return FermiFS{N,M,S}(from_fermi_onr(S, onr))
end
function FermiFS(onr)
    onr = Tuple(onr)
    M = length(onr)
    N = sum(onr)
    return FermiFS{N,M}(onr)
end
FermiFS(vals::Integer...) = FermiFS(vals) # list occupation numbers
FermiFS(val::Integer) = FermiFS((val,)) # single mode
FermiFS{N,M}(vals::Integer...) where {N,M} = FermiFS{N,M}(vals)

# Sparse constructors
FermiFS(M::Integer, pairs::Pair...) = FermiFS(M, pairs)
FermiFS(M::Integer, pairs) = FermiFS(sparse_to_onr(M, pairs))
FermiFS{N,M}(pairs::Vararg{Pair,N}) where {N,M} = FermiFS{N,M}(pairs)
FermiFS{N,M}(pairs) where {N,M} = FermiFS{N,M}(sparse_to_onr(M, pairs))
FermiFS(pairs::Pair...) = throw(ArgumentError("number of modes must be provided"))

function print_address(io::IO, f::FermiFS{N,M}; compact=false) where {N,M}
    if compact && f.bs isa SortedParticleList
        print(io, "|f ", M, ": ", join(Int.(f.bs.storage), ' '), "⟩")
    elseif compact
        print(io, "|", join(map(o -> o == 0 ? '⋅' : '↑', onr(f))), "⟩")
    elseif f.bs isa SortedParticleList
        print(io, "FermiFS{$N,$M}(", onr_sparse_string(onr(f)), ")")
    else
        print(io, "FermiFS{$N,$M}", tuple(onr(f)...))
    end
end

Base.bitstring(a::FermiFS) = bitstring(a.bs)
Base.isless(a::FermiFS, b::FermiFS) = isless(a.bs, b.bs)
Base.hash(a::FermiFS,  h::UInt) = hash(a.bs, h)
Base.:(==)(a::FermiFS, b::FermiFS) = a.bs == b.bs
num_occupied_modes(::FermiFS{N}) where {N} = N
occupied_modes(a::FermiFS{N,<:Any,S}) where {N,S} = FermiOccupiedModes{N,S}(a.bs)

num_unoccupied_modes(::FermiFS{N,M}) where {N,M} = M - N
unoccupied_modes(a::FermiFS{N,<:Any,S}) where {N,S} = FermiUnoccupiedModes{N,S}(~a.bs)

"""
    unoccupied_mode_map(addr::FermiFS) <: AbstractVector
    
Get a map of unoccupied modes in [`FermiFS`](@ref) address as an `AbstractVector`
of indices compatible with [`excitation`](@ref).

`unoccupied_mode_map(addr)[i]` contains the index for the `i`-th unoccupied mode.
This is useful because unoccupied modes is required in some cases.
`unoccupied_mode_map(addr)` is an eager version of the iterator returned by
[`unoccupied_modes`](@ref). It is similar to 
[`onr`](@ref) but contains more information.

# Example

```jldoctest
julia> f = FermiFS(1,1,0,0)
FermiFS{2,4}(1, 1, 0, 0)

julia> mf = unoccupied_mode_map(f)
2-element Rimu.BitStringAddresses.ModeMap{2, FermiFSIndex}:
 FermiFSIndex(occnum=0, mode=3, offset=2)
 FermiFSIndex(occnum=0, mode=4, offset=3)
 
julia> mf == collect(unoccupied_modes(f))
true

```
See also [`occupied_mode_map`](@ref).
"""
function unoccupied_mode_map(addr::FermiFS{N,M}) where {N,M}
    modes = unoccupied_modes(addr)
    T = eltype(modes)
    L = num_unoccupied_modes(addr)
    indices = MVector{L,T}(undef)
    i = 0
    for index in modes
        i += 1
        @inbounds indices[i] = index
    end
    return ModeMap(SVector(indices), i)
end

function near_uniform(::Type{FermiFS{N,M}}) where {N,M}
    return FermiFS([fill(1, N); fill(0, M - N)])
end

@inline function onr(a::FermiFS{<:Any,M}) where {M}
    result = zero(MVector{M,Int32})
    @inbounds for (_, mode) in occupied_modes(a)
        result[mode] = 1
    end
    return SVector(result)
end

find_mode(a::FermiFS, i) = fermi_find_mode(a.bs, i)

function find_occupied_mode(a::FermiFS, i::Integer)
    for k in occupied_modes(a)
        i -= 1
        i == 0 && return k
    end
    return FermiFSIndex(0, 0, 0)
end

function Base.reverse(f::FermiFS)
    return typeof(f)(reverse(f.bs))
end

function excitation(a::FermiFS{N,M,S}, creations, destructions) where {N,M,S}
    new_bs, value = fermi_excitation(a.bs, creations, destructions)
    return FermiFS{N,M,S}(new_bs), value
end

1	"""
2	FermiFS{N,M,S} <: SingleComponentFockAddress
3
4	Address type that represents a Fock state of `N` fermions of the same spin in `M` modes by
5	wrapping a [`BitString`](@ref), or a [`SortedParticleList`](@ref). Which is wrapped is
6	chosen automatically based on the properties of the address.
7
8	# Constructors
9
10	* `FermiFS{[N,M]}(val::Integer...)`: Create `FermiFS{N,M}` from occupation numbers. This is
11	type-stable if the number of modes `M` and the number of particles `N` are provided.
12	Otherwise, `M` and `N` are inferred from the arguments.
13
14	* `FermiFS{[N,M]}(onr)`: Create `FermiFS{N,M}` from occupation number representation, see
15	[`onr`](@ref). This is efficient if `N` and `M` are provided, and `onr` is a
16	statically-sized collection, such as a `Tuple{M}` or `SVector{M}`.
17
18	* `FermiFS{[N,M]}([M, ]pairs...)`: Provide the number of modes `M` and pairs of the form
19	`mode => 1`. If `M` is provided as a type parameter, it should not be provided as the
20	first argument. Useful for creating sparse addresses. `pairs` can be multiple arguments
21	or an iterator of pairs.
22
23	* `FermiFS{N,M,S}(bs::S)`: Unsafe constructor. Does not check whether the number of
24	particles in `bs` is equal to `N`, or whether each mode only contains one particle.
25
26	* [`@fs_str`](@ref): Addresses are sometimes printed in a compact manner. This
27	representation can also be used as a constructor. See the examples below.
28
29	# Examples
30
31	```jldoctest
32	julia> FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)
33	FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)
34
35	julia> FermiFS([abs(i - 3) ≤ 1 for i in 1:5])
36	FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)
37
38	julia> FermiFS(5, 2 => 1, 3 => 1, 4 => 1)
39	FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)
40
41	julia> FermiFS{3,5}(i => 1 for i in 2:4)
42	FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)
43
44	julia> fs"\|⋅↑↑↑⋅⟩"
45	FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)
46
47	julia> fs"\|f 5: 2 3 4⟩"
48	FermiFS{3,5}(0, 1, 1, 1, 0)
49	```
50
51	See also: [`SingleComponentFockAddress`](@ref), [`BoseFS`](@ref), [`CompositeFS`](@ref),
52	[`FermiFS2C`](@ref), [`BitString`](@ref), [`OccupationNumberFS`](@ref).
53	"""
54	struct FermiFS{N,M,S} <: SingleComponentFockAddress{N,M}
55	bs::S	15,253,707✔
56	end
57
58	function check_fermi_onr(onr, N, M)	25,976✔
59	sum(onr) == N \|\|	25,977✔
60	throw(ArgumentError("Invalid ONR: $N particles expected, $(sum(onr)) given."))
61	length(onr) == M \|\|	25,975✔
62	throw(ArgumentError("Invalid ONR: $M modes expected, $(length(onr)) given."))
63	all(in((0, 1)), onr) \|\|	25,975✔
64	throw(ArgumentError("Invalid ONR: may only contain 0s and 1s."))
65	end
66
67	function FermiFS{N,M,S}(onr::Union{SVector{M},MVector{M},NTuple{M}}) where {N,M,S}	124✔
68	@boundscheck begin	124✔
69	check_fermi_onr(onr, N, M)	124✔
70	if S <: BitString	124✔
71	M == num_bits(S) \|\| throw(ArgumentError(	122✔
72	"invalid ONR: $B-bit BitString does not fit $M modes"
73	))
74	elseif S <: SortedParticleList	2✔
75	N == num_particles(S) && M == num_modes(S) \|\| throw(ArgumentError(	2✔
76	"invalid ONR: $S does not fit $N particles in $M modes"
77	))
78	end
79	end
80	return FermiFS{N,M,S}(from_fermi_onr(S, onr))	128✔
81	end
82	function FermiFS{N,M}(onr::Union{AbstractArray{<:Integer},NTuple{M,<:Integer}}) where {N,M}	25,852✔
83	@boundscheck check_fermi_onr(onr, N, M)	25,852✔
84	spl_type = select_int_type(M)	25,848✔
85	# Pick smaller address type, but prefer dense.
86	# Alway pick dense if it fits into one chunk.
87
88	# Compute the size of container in words
89	sparse_sizeof = ceil(Int, N * sizeof(spl_type) / 8)	25,848✔
90	dense_sizeof = ceil(Int, M / 64)	25,848✔
91	if dense_sizeof == 1 \|\| dense_sizeof ≤ sparse_sizeof	25,848✔
92	S = typeof(BitString{M}(0))	23,776✔
93	else
94	S = SortedParticleList{N,M,spl_type}	2,072✔
95	end
96	return FermiFS{N,M,S}(from_fermi_onr(S, onr))	26,022✔
97	end
98	function FermiFS(onr)	523✔
99	onr = Tuple(onr)	681✔
100	M = length(onr)	523✔
101	N = sum(onr)	9,663✔
102	return FermiFS{N,M}(onr)	688✔
103	end
104	FermiFS(vals::Integer...) = FermiFS(vals) # list occupation numbers	60✔
105	FermiFS(val::Integer) = FermiFS((val,)) # single mode	3✔
106	FermiFS{N,M}(vals::Integer...) where {N,M} = FermiFS{N,M}(vals)	118✔
107
108	# Sparse constructors
109	FermiFS(M::Integer, pairs::Pair...) = FermiFS(M, pairs)	7✔
110	FermiFS(M::Integer, pairs) = FermiFS(sparse_to_onr(M, pairs))	35✔
111	FermiFS{N,M}(pairs::Vararg{Pair,N}) where {N,M} = FermiFS{N,M}(pairs)	21✔
112	FermiFS{N,M}(pairs) where {N,M} = FermiFS{N,M}(sparse_to_onr(M, pairs))	23✔
113	FermiFS(pairs::Pair...) = throw(ArgumentError("number of modes must be provided"))	×
114
115	function print_address(io::IO, f::FermiFS{N,M}; compact=false) where {N,M}	928✔
116	if compact && f.bs isa SortedParticleList	464✔
117	print(io, "\|f ", M, ": ", join(Int.(f.bs.storage), ' '), "⟩")	20✔
118	elseif compact	444✔
119	print(io, "\|", join(map(o -> o == 0 ? '⋅' : '↑', onr(f))), "⟩")	6,754✔
120	elseif f.bs isa SortedParticleList	323✔
121	print(io, "FermiFS{$N,$M}(", onr_sparse_string(onr(f)), ")")	50✔
122	else
123	print(io, "FermiFS{$N,$M}", tuple(onr(f)...))	273✔
124	end
125	end
126
127	Base.bitstring(a::FermiFS) = bitstring(a.bs)	×
128	Base.isless(a::FermiFS, b::FermiFS) = isless(a.bs, b.bs)	10,107✔
129	Base.hash(a::FermiFS, h::UInt) = hash(a.bs, h)	170,066,512✔
130	Base.:(==)(a::FermiFS, b::FermiFS) = a.bs == b.bs	1,000,177✔
131	num_occupied_modes(::FermiFS{N}) where {N} = N	1,043,167✔
132	occupied_modes(a::FermiFS{N,<:Any,S}) where {N,S} = FermiOccupiedModes{N,S}(a.bs)	10,976,370✔
133
134	num_unoccupied_modes(::FermiFS{N,M}) where {N,M} = M - N	1✔
135	unoccupied_modes(a::FermiFS{N,<:Any,S}) where {N,S} = FermiUnoccupiedModes{N,S}(~a.bs)	3✔
136
137	"""
138	unoccupied_mode_map(addr::FermiFS) <: AbstractVector
139
140	Get a map of unoccupied modes in [`FermiFS`](@ref) address as an `AbstractVector`
141	of indices compatible with [`excitation`](@ref).
142
143	`unoccupied_mode_map(addr)[i]` contains the index for the `i`-th unoccupied mode.
144	This is useful because unoccupied modes is required in some cases.
145	`unoccupied_mode_map(addr)` is an eager version of the iterator returned by
146	[`unoccupied_modes`](@ref). It is similar to
147	[`onr`](@ref) but contains more information.
148
149	# Example
150
151	```jldoctest
152	julia> f = FermiFS(1,1,0,0)
153	FermiFS{2,4}(1, 1, 0, 0)
154
155	julia> mf = unoccupied_mode_map(f)
156	2-element Rimu.BitStringAddresses.ModeMap{2, FermiFSIndex}:
157	FermiFSIndex(occnum=0, mode=3, offset=2)
158	FermiFSIndex(occnum=0, mode=4, offset=3)
159
160	julia> mf == collect(unoccupied_modes(f))
161	true
162
163	```
164	See also [`occupied_mode_map`](@ref).
165	"""
166	function unoccupied_mode_map(addr::FermiFS{N,M}) where {N,M}	1✔
167	modes = unoccupied_modes(addr)	1✔
168	T = eltype(modes)	1✔
169	L = num_unoccupied_modes(addr)	1✔
170	indices = MVector{L,T}(undef)	1✔
171	i = 0	1✔
172	for index in modes	2✔
173	i += 1	2✔
174	@inbounds indices[i] = index	2✔
175	end	3✔
176	return ModeMap(SVector(indices), i)	1✔
177	end
178
179	function near_uniform(::Type{FermiFS{N,M}}) where {N,M}	30✔
180	return FermiFS([fill(1, N); fill(0, M - N)])	30✔
181	end
182
183	@inline function onr(a::FermiFS{<:Any,M}) where {M}	625,131✔
184	result = zero(MVector{M,Int32})	625,131✔
185	@inbounds for (_, mode) in occupied_modes(a)	1,004,314✔
186	result[mode] = 1	29,402,199✔
187	end	36,534,706✔
188	return SVector(result)	625,131✔
189	end
190
191	find_mode(a::FermiFS, i) = fermi_find_mode(a.bs, i)	17,446,230✔
192
193	function find_occupied_mode(a::FermiFS, i::Integer)	9,215,928✔
194	for k in occupied_modes(a)	18,424,729✔
195	i -= 1	17,078,796✔
196	i == 0 && return k	17,078,169✔
197	end	15,732,670✔
UNCOV 198	return FermiFSIndex(0, 0, 0)	×
199	end
200
201	function Base.reverse(f::FermiFS)	1,428✔
202	return typeof(f)(reverse(f.bs))	1,428✔
203	end
204
205	function excitation(a::FermiFS{N,M,S}, creations, destructions) where {N,M,S}	15,224,016✔
206	new_bs, value = fermi_excitation(a.bs, creations, destructions)	27,962,634✔
207	return FermiFS{N,M,S}(new_bs), value	15,226,500✔
208	end

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