Jericho / ZoomNet / 834

Committed 15 Nov 2024 03:18PM UTC coverage: 20.194% (-0.2%) from 20.435%

Build # 834

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push

appveyor

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Jericho

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Merge branch 'release/0.84.0'

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58.82

/Source/ZoomNet/Extensions/Internal.cs

using HttpMultipartParser;
using Pathoschild.Http.Client;
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using ZoomNet.Json;
using ZoomNet.Models;
using ZoomNet.Utilities;

namespace ZoomNet
{
        /// <summary>
        /// Internal extension methods.
        /// </summary>
        internal static class Internal
        {
                internal enum UnixTimePrecision
                {
                        Seconds = 0,
                        Milliseconds = 1
                }

                private static readonly DateTime EPOCH = new(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
                private static readonly int DEFAULT_DEGREE_OF_PARALLELISM = Environment.ProcessorCount > 1 ? Environment.ProcessorCount / 2 : 1;

                /// <summary>
                /// Converts a 'unix time', which is expressed as the number of seconds (or milliseconds) since
                /// midnight on January 1st 1970, to a .Net <see cref="DateTime" />.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="unixTime">The unix time.</param>
                /// <param name="precision">The precision of the provided unix time.</param>
                /// <returns>
                /// The <see cref="DateTime" />.
                /// </returns>
                internal static DateTime FromUnixTime(this long unixTime, UnixTimePrecision precision = UnixTimePrecision.Seconds)
                {
                        if (precision == UnixTimePrecision.Seconds) return EPOCH.AddSeconds(unixTime);
                        if (precision == UnixTimePrecision.Milliseconds) return EPOCH.AddMilliseconds(unixTime);
                        throw new ArgumentException($"Unknown precision: {precision}");
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Converts a .Net <see cref="DateTime" /> into a 'Unix time', which is expressed as the number
                /// of seconds (or milliseconds) since midnight on January 1st 1970.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="date">The date.</param>
                /// <param name="precision">The desired precision.</param>
                /// <returns>
                /// The numer of seconds/milliseconds since midnight on January 1st 1970.
                /// </returns>
                internal static long ToUnixTime(this DateTime date, UnixTimePrecision precision = UnixTimePrecision.Seconds)
                {
                        var diff = date.ToUniversalTime() - EPOCH;
                        if (precision == UnixTimePrecision.Seconds) return Convert.ToInt64(diff.TotalSeconds);
                        if (precision == UnixTimePrecision.Milliseconds) return Convert.ToInt64(diff.TotalMilliseconds);
                        throw new ArgumentException($"Unknown precision: {precision}");
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Converts a .Net <see cref="DateTime" /> into a string that can be accepted by the Zoom API.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="date">The date.</param>
                /// <param name="timeZone">The time zone.</param>
                /// <param name="dateOnly">Indicates if you want only the date to be converted to a string (ignoring the time).</param>
                /// <returns>
                /// The string representation of the date expressed in the Zoom format.
                /// </returns>
                internal static string ToZoomFormat(this DateTime? date, TimeZones? timeZone = null, bool dateOnly = false)
                {
                        if (!date.HasValue) return null;
                        return date.Value.ToZoomFormat(timeZone, dateOnly);
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Converts a .Net <see cref="DateTime" /> into a string that can be accepted by the Zoom API.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="date">The date.</param>
                /// <param name="timeZone">The time zone.</param>
                /// <param name="dateOnly">Indicates if you want only the date to be converted to a string (ignoring the time).</param>
                /// <returns>
                /// The string representation of the date expressed in the Zoom format.
                /// </returns>
                internal static string ToZoomFormat(this DateTime date, TimeZones? timeZone = null, bool dateOnly = false)
                {
                        const string dateOnlyFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd";
                        const string defaultDateFormat = dateOnlyFormat + "'T'HH:mm:ss";
                        const string utcDateFormat = defaultDateFormat + "'Z'";

                        if (dateOnly)
                        {
                                if (timeZone.HasValue && timeZone.Value == TimeZones.UTC) return date.ToUniversalTime().ToString(dateOnlyFormat);
                                else return date.ToString(dateOnlyFormat);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                if (timeZone.HasValue && timeZone.Value == TimeZones.UTC) return date.ToUniversalTime().ToString(utcDateFormat);
                                else return date.ToString(defaultDateFormat);
                        }
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Reads the content of the HTTP response as string asynchronously.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="httpContent">The content.</param>
                /// <param name="encoding">The encoding. You can leave this parameter null and the encoding will be
                /// automatically calculated based on the charset in the response. Also, UTF-8
                /// encoding will be used if the charset is absent from the response, is blank
                /// or contains an invalid value.</param>
                /// <param name="cancellationToken">The cancellation token.</param>
                /// <returns>The string content of the response.</returns>
                /// <remarks>
                /// This method is an improvement over the built-in ReadAsStringAsync method
                /// because it can handle invalid charset returned in the response. For example
                /// you may be sending a request to an API that returns a blank charset or a
                /// misspelled one like 'utf8' instead of the correctly spelled 'utf-8'. The
                /// built-in method throws an exception if an invalid charset is specified
                /// while this method uses the UTF-8 encoding in that situation.
                ///
                /// My motivation for writing this extension method was to work around a situation
                /// where the 3rd party API I was sending requests to would sometimes return 'utf8'
                /// as the charset and an exception would be thrown when I called the ReadAsStringAsync
                /// method to get the content of the response into a string because the .Net HttpClient
                /// would attempt to determine the proper encoding to use but it would fail due to
                /// the fact that the charset was misspelled. I contacted the vendor, asking them
                /// to either omit the charset or fix the misspelling but they didn't feel the need
                /// to fix this issue because:
                /// "in some programming languages, you can use the syntax utf8 instead of utf-8".
                /// In other words, they are happy to continue using the misspelled value which is
                /// supported by "some" programming languages instead of using the properly spelled
                /// value which is supported by all programming languages.
                /// </remarks>
                /// <example>
                /// <code>
                /// var httpRequest = new HttpRequestMessage
                /// {
                ///     Method = HttpMethod.Get,
                ///     RequestUri = new Uri("https://api.vendor.com/v1/endpoint")
                /// };
                /// var httpClient = new HttpClient();
                /// var response = await httpClient.SendAsync(httpRequest, CancellationToken.None).ConfigureAwait(false);
                /// var responseContent = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(null).ConfigureAwait(false);
                /// </code>
                /// </example>
                internal static async Task<string> ReadAsStringAsync(this HttpContent httpContent, Encoding encoding, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
                {
                        var content = string.Empty;

                        if (httpContent != null)
                        {
#if NET5_0_OR_GREATER
                                var contentStream = await httpContent.ReadAsStreamAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
#else
                                var contentStream = await httpContent.ReadAsStreamAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
#endif
                                encoding ??= httpContent.GetEncoding(Encoding.UTF8);

                                // This is important: we must make a copy of the response stream otherwise we would get an
                                // exception on subsequent attempts to read the content of the stream
                                using var ms = Utils.MemoryStreamManager.GetStream();
                                const int DefaultBufferSize = 81920;
                                await contentStream.CopyToAsync(ms, DefaultBufferSize, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
                                ms.Position = 0;
                                using var sr = new StreamReader(ms, encoding);
#if NET7_0_OR_GREATER
                                content = await sr.ReadToEndAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
#else
                                content = await sr.ReadToEndAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
#endif

                                // It's important to rewind the stream
                                if (contentStream.CanSeek) contentStream.Position = 0;
                        }

                        return content;
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Gets the encoding.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="content">The content.</param>
                /// <param name="defaultEncoding">The default encoding.</param>
                /// <returns>
                /// The encoding.
                /// </returns>
                /// <remarks>
                /// This method tries to get the encoding based on the charset or uses the
                /// 'defaultEncoding' if the charset is empty or contains an invalid value.
                /// </remarks>
                /// <example>
                ///   <code>
                /// var httpRequest = new HttpRequestMessage
                /// {
                /// Method = HttpMethod.Get,
                /// RequestUri = new Uri("https://my.api.com/v1/myendpoint")
                /// };
                /// var httpClient = new HttpClient();
                /// var response = await httpClient.SendAsync(httpRequest, CancellationToken.None).ConfigureAwait(false);
                /// var encoding = response.Content.GetEncoding(Encoding.UTF8);
                /// </code>
                /// </example>
                internal static Encoding GetEncoding(this HttpContent content, Encoding defaultEncoding)
                {
                        var encoding = defaultEncoding;
                        try
                        {
                                var charset = content?.Headers?.ContentType?.CharSet;
                                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(charset))
                                {
                                        encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset);
                                }
                        }
                        catch
                        {
                                encoding = defaultEncoding;
                        }

                        return encoding;
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Returns the value of a parameter or the default value if it doesn't exist.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="parser">The parser.</param>
                /// <param name="name">The name of the parameter.</param>
                /// <param name="defaultValue">The default value.</param>
                /// <returns>The value of the parameter.</returns>
                internal static string GetParameterValue(this MultipartFormDataParser parser, string name, string defaultValue)
                {
                        if (parser.HasParameter(name)) return parser.GetParameterValue(name);
                        else return defaultValue;
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded response body and convert it to an object of the desired type.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="response">The response.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="throwIfPropertyIsMissing">Indicates if an exception should be thrown when the specified JSON property is missing from the response.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the strongly typed object.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static Task<T> AsObject<T>(this IResponse response, string propertyName = null, bool throwIfPropertyIsMissing = true, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
                {
                        return response.Message.Content.AsObject<T>(propertyName, throwIfPropertyIsMissing, options);
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded response body and convert it to an object of the desired type.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="request">The request.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="throwIfPropertyIsMissing">Indicates if an exception should be thrown when the specified JSON property is missing from the response.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the strongly typed object.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static async Task<T> AsObject<T>(this IRequest request, string propertyName = null, bool throwIfPropertyIsMissing = true, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
                {
                        var response = await request.AsResponse().ConfigureAwait(false);
                        return await response.AsObject<T>(propertyName, throwIfPropertyIsMissing, options).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded content and convert it to a 'PaginatedResponse' object.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="response">The response.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the paginated response.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static Task<PaginatedResponse<T>> AsPaginatedResponse<T>(this IResponse response, string propertyName = null, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
                {
                        return response.Message.Content.AsPaginatedResponse<T>(propertyName, options);
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded content and convert it to a 'PaginatedResponse' object.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="request">The request.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the paginated response.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static async Task<PaginatedResponse<T>> AsPaginatedResponse<T>(this IRequest request, string propertyName = null, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
                {
                        var response = await request.AsResponse().ConfigureAwait(false);
                        return await response.AsPaginatedResponse<T>(propertyName, options).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded response body and convert it to a 'PaginatedResponseWithToken' object.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="response">The response.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the paginated response.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static Task<PaginatedResponseWithToken<T>> AsPaginatedResponseWithToken<T>(this IResponse response, string propertyName, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
                {
                        return response.Message.Content.AsPaginatedResponseWithToken<T>(propertyName, options);
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded response body and convert it to a 'PaginatedResponseWithToken' object.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="request">The request.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the paginated response.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static async Task<PaginatedResponseWithToken<T>> AsPaginatedResponseWithToken<T>(this IRequest request, string propertyName, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
                {
                        var response = await request.AsResponse().ConfigureAwait(false);
                        return await response.AsPaginatedResponseWithToken<T>(propertyName, options).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded response body and convert it to a 'PaginatedResponseWithToken' object.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="response">The response.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the paginated response.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static Task<PaginatedResponseWithTokenAndDateRange<T>> AsPaginatedResponseWithTokenAndDateRange<T>(this IResponse response, string propertyName, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
                {
                        return response.Message.Content.AsPaginatedResponseWithTokenAndDateRange<T>(propertyName, options);
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded response body and convert it to a 'PaginatedResponseWithToken' object.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="request">The request.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the paginated response.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static async Task<PaginatedResponseWithTokenAndDateRange<T>> AsPaginatedResponseWithTokenAndDateRange<T>(this IRequest request, string propertyName, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
                {
                        var response = await request.AsResponse().ConfigureAwait(false);
                        return await response.AsPaginatedResponseWithTokenAndDateRange<T>(propertyName, options).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }

                /// <summary>Get a JSON representation of the response.</summary>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static Task<JsonElement> AsJson(this IResponse response, string propertyName = null, bool throwIfPropertyIsMissing = true)
                {
                        return response.Message.Content.AsJson(propertyName, throwIfPropertyIsMissing);
                }

                /// <summary>Get a JSON representation of the response.</summary>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static async Task<JsonElement> AsJson(this IRequest request, string propertyName = null, bool throwIfPropertyIsMissing = true)
                {
                        var response = await request.AsResponse().ConfigureAwait(false);
                        return await response.AsJson(propertyName, throwIfPropertyIsMissing).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Replace the current error handler which treats HTTP200 as success with a handler that treats HTTP200 as failure.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="request">The request.</param>
                /// <param name="customExceptionMessage">An optional custom error message.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the request builder for chaining.</returns>
                internal static IRequest WithHttp200TreatedAsFailure(this IRequest request, string customExceptionMessage = null)
                {
                        return request
                                .WithoutFilter<ZoomErrorHandler>()
                                .WithFilter(new ZoomErrorHandler(true, customExceptionMessage));
                }

                /// <summary>Set the body content of the HTTP request.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The type of object to serialize into a JSON string.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="request">The request.</param>
                /// <param name="body">The value to serialize into the HTTP body content.</param>
                /// <param name="omitCharSet">Indicates if the charset should be omitted from the 'Content-Type' request header.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the request builder for chaining.</returns>
                /// <remarks>
                /// This method is equivalent to IRequest.AsBody&lt;T&gt;(T body) because omitting the media type
                /// causes the first formatter in MediaTypeFormatterCollection to be used by default and the first
                /// formatter happens to be the JSON formatter. However, I don't feel good about relying on the
                /// default ordering of the items in the MediaTypeFormatterCollection.
                /// </remarks>
                internal static IRequest WithJsonBody<T>(this IRequest request, T body, bool omitCharSet = false)
                {
                        return request.WithBody(bodyBuilder =>
                        {
                                var httpContent = bodyBuilder.Model(body, new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"));

                                if (omitCharSet && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(httpContent.Headers.ContentType.CharSet))
                                {
                                        httpContent.Headers.ContentType.CharSet = string.Empty;
                                }

                                return httpContent;
                        });
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the response body as a <see cref="string"/>.</summary>
                /// <param name="response">The response.</param>
                /// <param name="encoding">The encoding. You can leave this parameter null and the encoding will be
                /// automatically calculated based on the charset in the response. Also, UTF-8
                /// encoding will be used if the charset is absent from the response, is blank
                /// or contains an invalid value.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the response body, or <c>null</c> if the response has no body.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static Task<string> AsString(this IResponse response, Encoding encoding)
                {
                        return response.Message.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(encoding);
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the response body as a <see cref="string"/>.</summary>
                /// <param name="request">The request.</param>
                /// <param name="encoding">The encoding. You can leave this parameter null and the encoding will be
                /// automatically calculated based on the charset in the response. Also, UTF-8
                /// encoding will be used if the charset is absent from the response, is blank
                /// or contains an invalid value.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the response body, or <c>null</c> if the response has no body.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                internal static async Task<string> AsString(this IRequest request, Encoding encoding)
                {
                        IResponse response = await request.AsResponse().ConfigureAwait(false);
                        return await response.AsString(encoding).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }

                /// <summary>
                ///  Converts the value of the current System.TimeSpan object to its equivalent string
                ///  representation by using a human readable format.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="timeSpan">The time span.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the human readable representation of the TimeSpan.</returns>
                internal static string ToDurationString(this TimeSpan timeSpan)
                {
                        static void AppendFormatIfNecessary(StringBuilder stringBuilder, string timePart, int value)
                        {
                                if (value <= 0) return;
                                stringBuilder.AppendFormat($" {value} {timePart}{(value > 1 ? "s" : string.Empty)}");
                        }

                        // In case the TimeSpan is extremely short
                        if (timeSpan.TotalMilliseconds <= 1) return "1 millisecond";

                        var result = new StringBuilder();
                        AppendFormatIfNecessary(result, "day", timeSpan.Days);
                        AppendFormatIfNecessary(result, "hour", timeSpan.Hours);
                        AppendFormatIfNecessary(result, "minute", timeSpan.Minutes);
                        AppendFormatIfNecessary(result, "second", timeSpan.Seconds);
                        AppendFormatIfNecessary(result, "millisecond", timeSpan.Milliseconds);
                        return result.ToString().Trim();
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Ensure that a string starts with a given prefix.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="value">The value.</param>
                /// <param name="prefix">The prefix.</param>
                /// <returns>The value including the prefix.</returns>
                internal static string EnsureStartsWith(this string value, string prefix)
                {
                        return !string.IsNullOrEmpty(value) && value.StartsWith(prefix) ? value : string.Concat(prefix, value);
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Ensure that a string ends with a given suffix.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="value">The value.</param>
                /// <param name="suffix">The sufix.</param>
                /// <returns>The value including the suffix.</returns>
                internal static string EnsureEndsWith(this string value, string suffix)
                {
                        return !string.IsNullOrEmpty(value) && value.EndsWith(suffix) ? value : string.Concat(value, suffix);
                }

                internal static JsonElement? GetProperty(this JsonElement element, string name, bool throwIfMissing = true)
                {
                        var parts = name.Split('/');
                        if (!element.TryGetProperty(parts[0], out var property))
                        {
                                if (throwIfMissing) throw new ArgumentException($"Unable to find '{name}'", nameof(name));
                                else return null;
                        }

                        foreach (var part in parts.Skip(1))
                        {
                                if (!property.TryGetProperty(part, out property))
                                {
                                        if (throwIfMissing) throw new ArgumentException($"Unable to find '{name}'", nameof(name));
                                        else return null;
                                }
                        }

                        return property;
                }

                internal static T GetPropertyValue<T>(this JsonElement element, string name, T defaultValue)
                {
                        return element.GetPropertyValue(new[] { name }, defaultValue, false);
                }

                internal static T GetPropertyValue<T>(this JsonElement element, string[] names, T defaultValue)
                {
                        return element.GetPropertyValue(names, defaultValue, false);
                }

                internal static T GetPropertyValue<T>(this JsonElement element, string name)
                {
                        return element.GetPropertyValue<T>(new[] { name }, default, true);
                }

                internal static T GetPropertyValue<T>(this JsonElement element, string[] names)
                {
                        return element.GetPropertyValue<T>(names, default, true);
                }

                internal static Task<TResult[]> ForEachAsync<T, TResult>(this IEnumerable<T> items, Func<T, Task<TResult>> action) => ForEachAsync(items, action, DEFAULT_DEGREE_OF_PARALLELISM);

                internal static Task<TResult[]> ForEachAsync<T, TResult>(this IEnumerable<T> items, Func<T, int, Task<TResult>> action) => ForEachAsync(items, action, DEFAULT_DEGREE_OF_PARALLELISM);

                internal static async Task<TResult[]> ForEachAsync<T, TResult>(this IEnumerable<T> items, Func<T, Task<TResult>> action, int maxDegreeOfParalellism)
                {
                        var allTasks = new List<Task<TResult>>();
                        using var throttler = new SemaphoreSlim(initialCount: maxDegreeOfParalellism);
                        foreach (var item in items)
                        {
                                await throttler.WaitAsync();
                                allTasks.Add(
                                        Task.Run(async () =>
                                        {
                                                try
                                                {
                                                        return await action(item).ConfigureAwait(false);
                                                }
                                                finally
                                                {
                                                        throttler.Release();
                                                }
                                        }));
                        }

                        var results = await Task.WhenAll(allTasks).ConfigureAwait(false);
                        return results;
                }

                internal static async Task<TResult[]> ForEachAsync<T, TResult>(this IEnumerable<T> items, Func<T, int, Task<TResult>> action, int maxDegreeOfParalellism)
                {
                        var allTasks = new List<Task<TResult>>();
                        using var throttler = new SemaphoreSlim(initialCount: maxDegreeOfParalellism);
                        foreach (var (item, index) in items.Select((value, i) => (value, i)))
                        {
                                await throttler.WaitAsync();
                                allTasks.Add(
                                        Task.Run(async () =>
                                        {
                                                try
                                                {
                                                        return await action(item, index).ConfigureAwait(false);
                                                }
                                                finally
                                                {
                                                        throttler.Release();
                                                }
                                        }));
                        }

                        var results = await Task.WhenAll(allTasks).ConfigureAwait(false);
                        return results;
                }

                internal static Task ForEachAsync<T>(this IEnumerable<T> items, Func<T, Task> action) => ForEachAsync(items, action, DEFAULT_DEGREE_OF_PARALLELISM);

                internal static Task ForEachAsync<T>(this IEnumerable<T> items, Func<T, int, Task> action) => ForEachAsync(items, action, DEFAULT_DEGREE_OF_PARALLELISM);

                internal static async Task ForEachAsync<T>(this IEnumerable<T> items, Func<T, Task> action, int maxDegreeOfParalellism)
                {
                        var allTasks = new List<Task>();
                        using var throttler = new SemaphoreSlim(initialCount: maxDegreeOfParalellism);
                        foreach (var item in items)
                        {
                                await throttler.WaitAsync();
                                allTasks.Add(
                                        Task.Run(async () =>
                                        {
                                                try
                                                {
                                                        await action(item).ConfigureAwait(false);
                                                }
                                                finally
                                                {
                                                        throttler.Release();
                                                }
                                        }));
                        }

                        await Task.WhenAll(allTasks).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }

                internal static async Task ForEachAsync<T>(this IEnumerable<T> items, Func<T, int, Task> action, int maxDegreeOfParalellism)
                {
                        var allTasks = new List<Task>();
                        using var throttler = new SemaphoreSlim(initialCount: maxDegreeOfParalellism);
                        foreach (var (item, index) in items.Select((value, i) => (value, i)))
                        {
                                await throttler.WaitAsync();
                                allTasks.Add(
                                        Task.Run(async () =>
                                        {
                                                try
                                                {
                                                        await action(item, index).ConfigureAwait(false);
                                                }
                                                finally
                                                {
                                                        throttler.Release();
                                                }
                                        }));
                        }

                        await Task.WhenAll(allTasks).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Gets the attribute of the specified type.
                /// </summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The type of the desired attribute.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="enumVal">The enum value.</param>
                /// <returns>The attribute.</returns>
                internal static T GetAttributeOfType<T>(this Enum enumVal)
                        where T : Attribute
                {
                        return enumVal.GetType()
                                .GetTypeInfo()
                                .DeclaredMembers
                                .SingleOrDefault(x => x.Name == enumVal.ToString())
                                ?.GetCustomAttribute<T>(false);
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Indicates if an object contain a numerical value.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="value">The object.</param>
                /// <returns>A boolean indicating if the object contains a numerical value.</returns>
                internal static bool IsNumber(this object value)
                {
                        return value is sbyte
                                   || value is byte
                                   || value is short
                                   || value is ushort
                                   || value is int
                                   || value is uint
                                   || value is long
                                   || value is ulong
                                   || value is float
                                   || value is double
                                   || value is decimal;
                }

                /// <summary>
                /// Returns the first value for a specified header stored in the System.Net.Http.Headers.HttpHeaderscollection.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="headers">The HTTP headers.</param>
                /// <param name="name">The specified header to return value for.</param>
                /// <returns>A string.</returns>
                internal static string GetValue(this HttpHeaders headers, string name)
                {
                        if (headers == null) return null;

                        if (headers.TryGetValues(name, out IEnumerable<string> values))
                        {
                                return values.FirstOrDefault();
                        }

                        return null;
                }

                internal static IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, string>> ParseQuerystring(this Uri uri)
                {
                        var querystringParameters = uri
                                .Query.TrimStart('?')
                                .Split(new char[] { '&' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
                                .Select(value => value.Split(new char[] { '=' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries))
                                .Select(splitValue =>
                                {
                                        if (splitValue.Length == 1)
                                        {
                                                return new KeyValuePair<string, string>(splitValue[0].Trim(), null);
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                                return new KeyValuePair<string, string>(splitValue[0].Trim(), splitValue[1].Trim());
                                        }
                                });

                        return querystringParameters;
                }

                internal static DiagnosticInfo GetDiagnosticInfo(this IResponse response)
                {
                        var diagnosticId = response.Message.RequestMessage.Headers.GetValue(DiagnosticHandler.DIAGNOSTIC_ID_HEADER_NAME);
                        DiagnosticHandler.DiagnosticsInfo.TryGetValue(diagnosticId, out DiagnosticInfo diagnosticInfo);
                        return diagnosticInfo;
                }

                internal static async Task<(bool IsError, string ErrorMessage, int? ErrorCode)> GetErrorMessageAsync(this HttpResponseMessage message)
                {
                        // Default error code
                        int? errorCode = null;

                        // Default error message
                        var errorMessage = $"{(int)message.StatusCode}: {message.ReasonPhrase}";

                        /*
                                In case of an error, the Zoom API returns a JSON string that looks like this:
                                {
                                        "code": 300,
                                        "message": "This meeting has not registration required: 544993922"
                                }

                                Sometimes, the JSON string contains additional info like this example:
                                {
                                        "code":300,
                                        "message":"Validation Failed.",
                                        "errors":[
                                                {
                                                        "field":"settings.jbh_time",
                                                        "message":"Invalid parameter: jbh_time."
                                                }
                                        ]
                                }
                        */

                        try
                        {
                                var jsonResponse = await message.Content.ParseZoomResponseAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
                                if (jsonResponse.ValueKind == JsonValueKind.Object)
                                {
                                        errorCode = jsonResponse.TryGetProperty("code", out JsonElement jsonErrorCode) ? jsonErrorCode.GetInt32() : null;
                                        errorMessage = jsonResponse.TryGetProperty("message", out JsonElement jsonErrorMessage) ? jsonErrorMessage.GetString() : errorCode.HasValue ? $"Error code: {errorCode}" : errorMessage;
                                        if (jsonResponse.TryGetProperty("errors", out JsonElement jsonErrorDetails))
                                        {
                                                var errorDetails = string.Join(
                                                        " ",
                                                        jsonErrorDetails
                                                                .EnumerateArray()
                                                                .Select(jsonErrorDetail =>
                                                                {
                                                                        var field = jsonErrorDetail.TryGetProperty("field", out JsonElement jsonField) ? jsonField.GetString() : string.Empty;
                                                                        var message = jsonErrorDetail.TryGetProperty("message", out JsonElement jsonErrorMessage) ? jsonErrorMessage.GetString() : string.Empty;
                                                                        return $"{field} {message}".Trim();
                                                                })
                                                                .Where(message => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(message)));

                                                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(errorDetails)) errorMessage += $" {errorDetails}";
                                        }

                                        return (errorCode.HasValue, errorMessage, errorCode);
                                }
                        }
                        catch
                        {
                                // Intentionally ignore parsing errors
                        }

                        return (!message.IsSuccessStatusCode, errorMessage, errorCode);
                }

                internal static async Task<Stream> CompressAsync(this Stream source)
                {
                        var compressedStream = new MemoryStream();
                        using (var gzip = new GZipStream(compressedStream, CompressionMode.Compress, true))
                        {
                                await source.CopyToAsync(gzip).ConfigureAwait(false);
                        }

                        compressedStream.Position = 0;
                        return compressedStream;
                }

                internal static async Task<Stream> DecompressAsync(this Stream source)
                {
                        var decompressedStream = new MemoryStream();
                        using (var gzip = new GZipStream(source, CompressionMode.Decompress, true))
                        {
                                await gzip.CopyToAsync(decompressedStream).ConfigureAwait(false);
                        }

                        decompressedStream.Position = 0;
                        return decompressedStream;
                }

                /// <summary>Convert an enum to its string representation.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The enum type.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="enumValue">The value.</param>
                /// <returns>The string representation of the enum value.</returns>
                /// <remarks>Inspired by: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10418651/using-enummemberattribute-and-doing-automatic-string-conversions .</remarks>
                internal static string ToEnumString<T>(this T enumValue)
                        where T : Enum
                {
                        if (enumValue.TryToEnumString(out string stringValue)) return stringValue;
                        return enumValue.ToString();
                }

                internal static bool TryToEnumString<T>(this T enumValue, out string stringValue, bool throwWhenUndefined = true)
                        where T : Enum
                {
                        if (throwWhenUndefined)
                        {
                                var typeOfT = typeof(T);
                                if (!Enum.IsDefined(typeOfT, enumValue))
                                {
                                        throw new ArgumentException($"{enumValue} is not a valid value for {typeOfT.Name}", nameof(enumValue));
                                }
                        }

                        var multipleValuesEnumMemberAttribute = enumValue.GetAttributeOfType<MultipleValuesEnumMemberAttribute>();
                        if (multipleValuesEnumMemberAttribute != null)
                        {
                                stringValue = multipleValuesEnumMemberAttribute.DefaultValue;
                                return true;
                        }

                        var enumMemberAttribute = enumValue.GetAttributeOfType<EnumMemberAttribute>();
                        if (enumMemberAttribute != null)
                        {
                                stringValue = enumMemberAttribute.Value;
                                return true;
                        }

                        var jsonPropertyNameAttribute = enumValue.GetAttributeOfType<JsonPropertyNameAttribute>();
                        if (jsonPropertyNameAttribute != null)
                        {
                                stringValue = jsonPropertyNameAttribute.Name;
                                return true;
                        }

                        var descriptionAttribute = enumValue.GetAttributeOfType<DescriptionAttribute>();
                        if (descriptionAttribute != null)
                        {
                                stringValue = descriptionAttribute.Description;
                                return true;
                        }

                        stringValue = null;
                        return false;
                }

                /// <summary>Parses a string into its corresponding enum value.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The enum type.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="str">The string value.</param>
                /// <returns>The enum representation of the string value.</returns>
                /// <remarks>Inspired by: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10418651/using-enummemberattribute-and-doing-automatic-string-conversions .</remarks>
                internal static T ToEnum<T>(this string str)
                        where T : Enum
                {
                        if (str.TryToEnum(out T enumValue)) return enumValue;

                        throw new ArgumentException($"There is no value in the {typeof(T).Name} enum that corresponds to '{str}'.");
                }

                internal static bool TryToEnum<T>(this string str, out T enumValue)
                        where T : Enum
                {
                        var enumType = typeof(T);
                        foreach (var name in Enum.GetNames(enumType))
                        {
                                var customAttributes = enumType.GetField(name).GetCustomAttributes(true);

                                // See if there's a matching 'MultipleValuesEnumMember' attribute
                                if (customAttributes.OfType<MultipleValuesEnumMemberAttribute>().Any(attribute => string.Equals(attribute.DefaultValue, str, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) ||
                                        (attribute.OtherValues ?? Array.Empty<string>()).Any(otherValue => string.Equals(otherValue, str, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))))
                                {
                                        enumValue = (T)Enum.Parse(enumType, name);
                                        return true;
                                }

                                // See if there's a matching 'EnumMember' attribute
                                if (customAttributes.OfType<EnumMemberAttribute>().Any(attribute => string.Equals(attribute.Value, str, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)))
                                {
                                        enumValue = (T)Enum.Parse(enumType, name);
                                        return true;
                                }

                                // See if there's a matching 'JsonPropertyName' attribute
                                if (customAttributes.OfType<JsonPropertyNameAttribute>().Any(attribute => string.Equals(attribute.Name, str, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)))
                                {
                                        enumValue = (T)Enum.Parse(enumType, name);
                                        return true;
                                }

                                // See if there's a matching 'Description' attribute
                                if (customAttributes.OfType<DescriptionAttribute>().Any(attribute => string.Equals(attribute.Description, str, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)))
                                {
                                        enumValue = (T)Enum.Parse(enumType, name);
                                        return true;
                                }

                                // See if the value matches the name
                                if (string.Equals(name, str, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                                {
                                        enumValue = (T)Enum.Parse(enumType, name);
                                        return true;
                                }
                        }

                        enumValue = default;
                        return false;
                }

                internal static T ToObject<T>(this JsonElement element, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
                {
                        return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<T>(element.GetRawText(), options ?? JsonFormatter.DeserializerOptions);
                }

                internal static void Add<T>(this JsonObject jsonObject, string propertyName, T value)
                {
                        if (value is IEnumerable<T> items)
                        {
                                var jsonArray = new JsonArray();
                                foreach (var item in items)
                                {
                                        jsonArray.Add(item);
                                }

                                jsonObject.Add(propertyName, jsonArray);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                jsonObject.Add(propertyName, JsonValue.Create(value));
                        }
                }

                internal static string ToHexString(this byte[] bytes)
                {
                        var result = new StringBuilder(bytes.Length * 2);
                        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
                                result.Append(bytes[i].ToString("x2"));
                        return result.ToString();
                }

                internal static string ToExactLength(this string source, int totalWidth, string postfix = "...", char paddingChar = ' ')
                {
                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(source)) return new string(paddingChar, totalWidth);
                        if (source.Length <= totalWidth) return source.PadRight(totalWidth, paddingChar);
                        var result = $"{source.Substring(0, totalWidth - (postfix?.Length ?? 0))}{postfix ?? string.Empty}";
                        return result;
                }

                internal static bool IsNullableType(this Type type)
                {
                        return type.IsGenericType && type.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>);
                }

                private static async Task<JsonElement> ParseZoomResponseAsync(this HttpContent responseFromZoomApi, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
                {
                        var responseContent = await responseFromZoomApi.ReadAsStringAsync(null, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(responseContent)) return default; // FYI: the 'ValueKind' property of the default JsonElement is JsonValueKind.Undefined

                        try
                        {
                                // Attempt to parse the response with the assumption that JSON is well-formed
                                // If the JSON is malformed, a JsonException will be thrown
                                return JsonDocument.Parse(responseContent).RootElement;
                        }
                        catch (JsonException)
                        {
                                /*
                                        Sometimes the error message is malformed due to the presence of double quotes that are not properly escaped.
                                        See: https://devforum.zoom.us/t/list-events-endpoint-returns-invalid-json-in-the-payload/115792 for more info.
                                        One instance where this problem was observed is when retrieving the list of events without having the necessary permissions to do so.
                                        The result is the following response with unescaped double-quotes in the error message:
                                        {
                                                "code": 104,
                                                "message": "Invalid access token, does not contain scopes:["zoom_events_basic:read","zoom_events_basic:read:admin"]"
                                        }
                                */
                                const string pattern = @"(.*?)(?<=""message"":"")(.*?)(?=""})(.*?$)";
                                var matches = Regex.Match(responseContent, pattern, RegexOptions.Compiled | RegexOptions.Singleline);
                                if (matches.Groups.Count != 4) throw;

                                var prefix = matches.Groups[1].Value;
                                var message = matches.Groups[2].Value;
                                var postfix = matches.Groups[3].Value;
                                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(message)) throw;

                                var escapedMessage = Regex.Replace(message, @"(?<!\\)""", "\\\"", RegexOptions.Compiled); // Replace un-escaped double-quotes with properly escaped double-quotes
                                var result = $"{prefix}{escapedMessage}{postfix}";
                                return JsonDocument.Parse(result).RootElement;
                        }
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously converts the JSON encoded content and convert it to an object of the desired type.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="httpContent">The content.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="throwIfPropertyIsMissing">Indicates if an exception should be thrown when the specified JSON property is missing from the response.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <param name="cancellationToken">The cancellation token.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the strongly typed object.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                private static async Task<T> AsObject<T>(this HttpContent httpContent, string propertyName = null, bool throwIfPropertyIsMissing = true, JsonSerializerOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
                {
                        var responseContent = await httpContent.ReadAsStringAsync(null, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);

                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName))
                        {
                                return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<T>(responseContent, options ?? JsonFormatter.DeserializerOptions);
                        }

                        var jsonDoc = JsonDocument.Parse(responseContent, default);
                        if (jsonDoc.RootElement.TryGetProperty(propertyName, out JsonElement property))
                        {
                                return property.ToObject<T>(options);
                        }
                        else if (throwIfPropertyIsMissing)
                        {
                                throw new ArgumentException($"The response does not contain a field called '{propertyName}'", nameof(propertyName));
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                return default;
                        }
                }

                /// <summary>Get a JSON representation of the response.</summary>
                /// <param name="httpContent">The content.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="throwIfPropertyIsMissing">Indicates if an exception should be thrown when the specified JSON property is missing from the response.</param>
                /// <param name="cancellationToken">The cancellation token.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the response body, or a JsonElement with its 'ValueKind' set to 'Undefined' if the response has no body.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                private static async Task<JsonElement> AsJson(this HttpContent httpContent, string propertyName = null, bool throwIfPropertyIsMissing = true, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
                {
                        var jsonResponse = await httpContent.ParseZoomResponseAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);

                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName))
                        {
                                return jsonResponse;
                        }

                        if (jsonResponse.ValueKind != JsonValueKind.Object)
                        {
                                throw new Exception("The response from the Zomm API does not contain a valid JSON string");
                        }
                        else if (jsonResponse.TryGetProperty(propertyName, out JsonElement property))
                        {
                                var propertyContent = property.GetRawText();
                                return JsonDocument.Parse(propertyContent, default).RootElement;
                        }
                        else if (throwIfPropertyIsMissing)
                        {
                                throw new ArgumentException($"The response does not contain a field called '{propertyName}'", nameof(propertyName));
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                return default;
                        }
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded content and convert it to a 'PaginatedResponse' object.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="httpContent">The content.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <param name="cancellationToken">The cancellation token.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the response body, or <c>null</c> if the response has no body.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                private static async Task<PaginatedResponse<T>> AsPaginatedResponse<T>(this HttpContent httpContent, string propertyName, JsonSerializerOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
                {
                        // Get the content as a JSON element
                        var rootElement = await httpContent.AsJson(null, false, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);

                        // Get the various metadata properties
                        var pageCount = rootElement.GetPropertyValue("page_count", 0);
                        var pageNumber = rootElement.GetPropertyValue("page_number", 0);
                        var pageSize = rootElement.GetPropertyValue("page_size", 0);
                        var totalRecords = rootElement.GetPropertyValue("total_records", (int?)null);

                        // Get the property that holds the records
                        var jsonProperty = rootElement.GetProperty(propertyName, false);

                        // Make sure the desired property is present. It's ok if the property is missing when there are no records.
                        if (!jsonProperty.HasValue && totalRecords is > 0)
                        {
                                throw new ArgumentException($"The response does not contain a field called '{propertyName}'", nameof(propertyName));
                        }

                        var result = new PaginatedResponse<T>()
                        {
                                PageCount = pageCount,
                                PageNumber = pageNumber,
                                PageSize = pageSize,
                                Records = jsonProperty.HasValue ? jsonProperty.Value.ToObject<T[]>(options) : Array.Empty<T>()
                        };
                        if (totalRecords.HasValue) result.TotalRecords = totalRecords.Value;

                        return result;
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded content and convert it to a 'PaginatedResponseWithToken' object.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="httpContent">The content.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <param name="cancellationToken">The cancellation token.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the response body, or <c>null</c> if the response has no body.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                private static async Task<PaginatedResponseWithToken<T>> AsPaginatedResponseWithToken<T>(this HttpContent httpContent, string propertyName, JsonSerializerOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
                {
                        // Get the content as a JSON element
                        var rootElement = await httpContent.AsJson(null, false, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);

                        // Get the various metadata properties
                        var nextPageToken = rootElement.GetPropertyValue("next_page_token", string.Empty);
                        var pageSize = rootElement.GetPropertyValue("page_size", 0);
                        var totalRecords = rootElement.GetPropertyValue("total_records", (int?)null);

                        // Get the property that holds the records
                        var jsonProperty = rootElement.GetProperty(propertyName, false);

                        // Make sure the desired property is present. It's ok if the property is missing when there are no records.
                        if (!jsonProperty.HasValue && totalRecords is > 0)
                        {
                                throw new ArgumentException($"The response does not contain a field called '{propertyName}'", nameof(propertyName));
                        }

                        var result = new PaginatedResponseWithToken<T>()
                        {
                                NextPageToken = nextPageToken,
                                PageSize = pageSize,
                                Records = jsonProperty.HasValue ? jsonProperty.Value.ToObject<T[]>(options) : Array.Empty<T>()
                        };
                        if (totalRecords.HasValue) result.TotalRecords = totalRecords.Value;

                        return result;
                }

                /// <summary>Asynchronously retrieve the JSON encoded content and convert it to a 'PaginatedResponseWithToken' object.</summary>
                /// <typeparam name="T">The response model to deserialize into.</typeparam>
                /// <param name="httpContent">The content.</param>
                /// <param name="propertyName">The name of the JSON property (or null if not applicable) where the desired data is stored.</param>
                /// <param name="options">Options to control behavior Converter during parsing.</param>
                /// <param name="cancellationToken">The cancellation token.</param>
                /// <returns>Returns the response body, or <c>null</c> if the response has no body.</returns>
                /// <exception cref="ApiException">An error occurred processing the response.</exception>
                private static async Task<PaginatedResponseWithTokenAndDateRange<T>> AsPaginatedResponseWithTokenAndDateRange<T>(this HttpContent httpContent, string propertyName, JsonSerializerOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
                {
                        // Get the content as a JSON element
                        var rootElement = await httpContent.AsJson(null, false, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);

                        // Get the various metadata properties
                        var from = DateTime.ParseExact(rootElement.GetPropertyValue("from", string.Empty), "yyyy-MM-dd", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
                        var to = DateTime.ParseExact(rootElement.GetPropertyValue("to", string.Empty), "yyyy-MM-dd", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
                        var nextPageToken = rootElement.GetPropertyValue("next_page_token", string.Empty);
                        var pageSize = rootElement.GetPropertyValue("page_size", 0);
                        var totalRecords = rootElement.GetPropertyValue("total_records", (int?)null);

                        // Get the property that holds the records
                        var jsonProperty = rootElement.GetProperty(propertyName, false);

                        // Make sure the desired property is present. It's ok if the property is missing when there are no records.
                        if (!jsonProperty.HasValue && totalRecords is > 0)
                        {
                                throw new ArgumentException($"The response does not contain a field called '{propertyName}'", nameof(propertyName));
                        }

                        var result = new PaginatedResponseWithTokenAndDateRange<T>()
                        {
                                From = from,
                                To = to,
                                NextPageToken = nextPageToken,
                                PageSize = pageSize,
                                Records = jsonProperty.HasValue ? jsonProperty.Value.ToObject<T[]>(options) : Array.Empty<T>()
                        };
                        if (totalRecords.HasValue) result.TotalRecords = totalRecords.Value;

                        return result;
                }

                private static T GetPropertyValue<T>(this JsonElement element, string[] names, T defaultValue, bool throwIfMissing)
                {
                        JsonElement? property = null;

                        foreach (var name in names)
                        {
                                property = element.GetProperty(name, false);
                                if (property.HasValue) break;
                        }

                        if (!property.HasValue)
                        {
                                if (throwIfMissing) throw new Exception($"Unable to find {string.Join(", ", names)} in the Json document");
                                else return defaultValue;
                        }

                        var typeOfT = typeof(T);

                        if (typeOfT.IsEnum)
                        {
                                return property.Value.ValueKind switch
                                {
                                        JsonValueKind.String => (T)Enum.Parse(typeof(T), property.Value.GetString()),
                                        JsonValueKind.Number => (T)Enum.ToObject(typeof(T), property.Value.GetInt16()),
                                        _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Unable to convert a {property.Value.ValueKind} into a {typeof(T).FullName}", nameof(T)),
                                };
                        }

                        if (typeOfT.IsNullableType())
                        {
                                if (property.Value.ValueKind == JsonValueKind.Null) return (T)default;

                                var underlyingType = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(typeOfT);
                                var getElementValue = typeof(Internal)
                                        .GetMethod(nameof(GetElementValue), BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.NonPublic)
                                        .MakeGenericMethod(underlyingType);

                                return (T)getElementValue.Invoke(null, new object[] { property.Value });
                        }

                        if (typeOfT.IsArray)
                        {
                                if (property.Value.ValueKind == JsonValueKind.Null) return (T)default;

                                var elementType = typeOfT.GetElementType();
                                var getElementValue = typeof(Internal)
                                        .GetMethod(nameof(GetElementValue), BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.NonPublic)
                                        .MakeGenericMethod(elementType);

                                var arrayList = new ArrayList(property.Value.GetArrayLength());
                                foreach (var arrayElement in property.Value.EnumerateArray())
                                {
                                        var elementValue = getElementValue.Invoke(null, new object[] { arrayElement });
                                        arrayList.Add(elementValue);
                                }

                                return (T)Convert.ChangeType(arrayList.ToArray(elementType), typeof(T));
                        }

                        return property.Value.GetElementValue<T>();
                }

                private static T GetElementValue<T>(this JsonElement element)
                {
                        var typeOfT = typeof(T);

                        if (element.ValueKind == JsonValueKind.Null)
                        {
                                return typeOfT.IsNullableType()
                                        ? (T)default
                                        : throw new Exception($"JSON contains a null value but {typeOfT.FullName} is not nullable");
                        }

                        return typeOfT switch
                        {
                                Type boolType when boolType == typeof(bool) => (T)(object)element.GetBoolean(),
                                Type strType when strType == typeof(string) => (T)(object)element.GetString(),
                                Type bytesType when bytesType == typeof(byte[]) => (T)(object)element.GetBytesFromBase64(),
                                Type sbyteType when sbyteType == typeof(sbyte) => (T)(object)element.GetSByte(),
                                Type byteType when byteType == typeof(byte) => (T)(object)element.GetByte(),
                                Type shortType when shortType == typeof(short) => (T)(object)element.GetInt16(),
                                Type ushortType when ushortType == typeof(ushort) => (T)(object)element.GetUInt16(),
                                Type intType when intType == typeof(int) => (T)(object)element.GetInt32(),
                                Type uintType when uintType == typeof(uint) => (T)(object)element.GetUInt32(),
                                Type longType when longType == typeof(long) => (T)(object)element.GetInt64(),
                                Type ulongType when ulongType == typeof(ulong) => (T)(object)element.GetUInt64(),
                                Type doubleType when doubleType == typeof(double) => (T)(object)element.GetDouble(),
                                Type floatType when floatType == typeof(float) => (T)(object)element.GetSingle(),
                                Type decimalType when decimalType == typeof(decimal) => (T)(object)element.GetDecimal(),
                                Type datetimeType when datetimeType == typeof(DateTime) => (T)(object)element.GetDateTime(),
                                Type offsetType when offsetType == typeof(DateTimeOffset) => (T)(object)element.GetDateTimeOffset(),
                                Type guidType when guidType == typeof(Guid) => (T)(object)element.GetGuid(),
                                _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Unsable to map {typeof(T).FullName} to a corresponding JSON type", nameof(T)),
                        };
                }
        }
}

Jericho / ZoomNet / 834

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