9853851939

Committed 09 Jul 2024 08:42AM UTC coverage: 48.108% (-0.005%) from 48.113%

Build # 9853851939

Build Type

push

github

Committed by

karelzak

Commit Message

Merge branch 'spaces' of https://github.com/emperor06/util-linux

* 'spaces' of https://github.com/emperor06/util-linux:
  column: Adds option -S <num> so whitespaces are used instead of tabs in non table mode.

Run Details

27291 of 60228 branches covered (45.31%)

Branch coverage included in aggregate %.

19 of 34 new or added lines in 1 file covered. (55.88%)

4 existing lines in 2 files now uncovered.

50903 of 102312 relevant lines covered (49.75%)

15977.15 hits per line

Source File
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80.99

/lsfd-cmd/lsfd.c

/*
 * lsfd(1) - list file descriptors
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2021 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * Written by Masatake YAMATO <yamato@redhat.com>
 *            Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
 *
 * Very generally based on lsof(8) by Victor A. Abell <abe@purdue.edu>
 * It supports multiple OSes. lsfd specializes to Linux.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it would be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <search.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <sys/select.h>

#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>

#ifdef HAVE_LINUX_KCMP_H
#  include <linux/kcmp.h>
static int kcmp(pid_t pid1, pid_t pid2, int type,
                unsigned long idx1, unsigned long idx2)
{
        return syscall(SYS_kcmp, pid1, pid2, type, idx1, idx2);
}
#else
#  ifndef KCMP_FS
#    define KCMP_FS 0
#  endif
#  ifndef KCMP_VM
#    define KCMP_VM 0
#  endif
#  ifndef KCMP_FILES
#    define KCMP_FILES 0
#  endif
static int kcmp(pid_t pid1 __attribute__((__unused__)),
                pid_t pid2 __attribute__((__unused__)),
                int type __attribute__((__unused__)),
                unsigned long idx1 __attribute__((__unused__)),
                unsigned long idx2 __attribute__((__unused__)))
{
        /* lsfd uses kcmp only for optimization. If the platform doesn't provide
         * kcmp, just returning an error is acceptable. */
        errno = ENOSYS;
        return -1;
}
#endif

/* See proc(5).
 * Defined in linux/include/linux/sched.h private header file. */
#define PF_KTHREAD                0x00200000        /* I am a kernel thread */

#include "c.h"
#include "list.h"
#include "closestream.h"
#include "column-list-table.h"
#include "strutils.h"
#include "procfs.h"
#include "fileutils.h"
#include "idcache.h"
#include "pathnames.h"

#include "lsfd.h"

UL_DEBUG_DEFINE_MASK(lsfd);
UL_DEBUG_DEFINE_MASKNAMES(lsfd) = UL_DEBUG_EMPTY_MASKNAMES;

static void lsfd_init_debug(void)
{
        __UL_INIT_DEBUG_FROM_ENV(lsfd, LSFD_DEBUG_, 0, LSFD_DEBUG);
}

/*
 * /proc/$pid/mountinfo entries
 */
struct nodev {
        struct list_head nodevs;
        unsigned long minor;
        char *filesystem;
};

struct nodev_table {
#define NODEV_TABLE_SIZE 97
        struct list_head tables[NODEV_TABLE_SIZE];
};
static struct nodev_table nodev_table;

struct mnt_namespace {
        bool read_mountinfo;
        ino_t id;
        struct list_head cooked_bdevs;
};

static struct mnt_namespace *find_mnt_ns(ino_t id);
static struct mnt_namespace *add_mnt_ns(ino_t id);
static void *mnt_namespaces;        /* for tsearch/tfind */

struct cooked_bdev {
        struct list_head cooked_bdevs;
        dev_t cooked;
        dev_t raw;
        char *filesystem;
};

static ino_t self_mntns_id;
static int self_mntns_fd = -1;

struct name_manager {
        struct idcache *cache;
        unsigned long next_id;
};

/*
 * /proc/devices entries
 */
struct devdrv {
        struct list_head devdrvs;
        unsigned long major;
        char *name;
};

static struct list_head chrdrvs;
static struct list_head blkdrvs;

/*
 * IPC table
 */

#define IPC_TABLE_SIZE 997
struct ipc_table {
        struct list_head tables[IPC_TABLE_SIZE];
};

static struct ipc_table ipc_table;

/*
 * Column related stuffs
 */

/* column names */
struct colinfo {
        const char *name;
        double whint;
        int flags;
        int json_type;
        const char *help;
};

/* columns descriptions */
static const struct colinfo infos[] = {
        [COL_AINODECLASS]      = { "AINODECLASS",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("class of anonymous inode") },
        [COL_ASSOC]            = { "ASSOC",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("association between file and process") },
        [COL_BLKDRV]           = { "BLKDRV",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("block device driver name resolved by /proc/devices") },
        [COL_BPF_MAP_ID]       = { "BPF-MAP.ID",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("bpf map id associated with the fd") },
        [COL_BPF_MAP_TYPE]     = { "BPF-MAP.TYPE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("bpf map type (decoded)") },
        [COL_BPF_MAP_TYPE_RAW]= { "BPF-MAP.TYPE.RAW",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("bpf map type (raw)") },
        [COL_BPF_NAME]         = { "BPF.NAME",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("bpf object name") },
        [COL_BPF_PROG_ID]      = { "BPF-PROG.ID",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("bpf program id associated with the fd") },
        [COL_BPF_PROG_TYPE]    = { "BPF-PROG.TYPE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("bpf program type (decoded)") },
        [COL_BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW]= { "BPF-PROG.TYPE.RAW",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("bpf program type (raw)") },
        [COL_CHRDRV]           = { "CHRDRV",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("character device driver name resolved by /proc/devices") },
        [COL_COMMAND]          = { "COMMAND",
                                   0.3, SCOLS_FL_TRUNC, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("command of the process opening the file") },
        [COL_DELETED]          = { "DELETED",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_BOOLEAN,
                                   N_("reachability from the file system") },
        [COL_DEV]              = { "DEV",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("ID of device containing file") },
        [COL_DEVTYPE]          = { "DEVTYPE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("device type (blk, char, or nodev)") },
        [COL_ENDPOINTS]        = { "ENDPOINTS",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_WRAP,  SCOLS_JSON_ARRAY_STRING,
                                   N_("IPC endpoints information communicated with the fd") },
        [COL_EVENTFD_ID]       = {"EVENTFD.ID",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("eventfd ID") },
        [COL_EVENTPOLL_TFDS]   = {"EVENTPOLL.TFDS",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_WRAP,  SCOLS_JSON_ARRAY_NUMBER,
                                   N_("file descriptors targeted by the eventpoll file") },
        [COL_FD]               = { "FD",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("file descriptor for the file") },
        [COL_FLAGS]            = { "FLAGS",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("flags specified when opening the file") },
        [COL_FUID]             = { "FUID",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("user ID number of the file's owner") },
        [COL_INET_LADDR]       = { "INET.LADDR",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("local IP address") },
        [COL_INET_RADDR]       = { "INET.RADDR",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("remote IP address") },
        [COL_INET6_LADDR]      = { "INET6.LADDR",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("local IPv6 address") },
        [COL_INET6_RADDR]      = { "INET6.RADDR",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("remote IPv6 address") },
        [COL_INODE]            = { "INODE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("inode number") },
        [COL_INOTIFY_INODES]   = { "INOTIFY.INODES",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_WRAP,  SCOLS_JSON_ARRAY_STRING,
                                   N_("list of monitoring inodes (cooked)") },
        [COL_INOTIFY_INODES_RAW]={ "INOTIFY.INODES.RAW",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_WRAP,  SCOLS_JSON_ARRAY_STRING,
                                   N_("list of monitoring inodes (raw, don't decode devices)") },
        [COL_KNAME]            = { "KNAME",
                                   0.4, SCOLS_FL_TRUNC, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("name of the file (raw)") },
        [COL_KTHREAD]          = { "KTHREAD",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_BOOLEAN,
                                   N_("opened by a kernel thread") },
        [COL_MAJMIN]           = { "MAJ:MIN",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("device ID for special, or ID of device containing file") },
        [COL_MAPLEN]           = { "MAPLEN",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("length of file mapping (in page)") },
        [COL_MISCDEV]          = { "MISCDEV",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("misc character device name resolved by /proc/misc") },
        [COL_MNT_ID]           = { "MNTID",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("mount id") },
        [COL_MODE]             = { "MODE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("access mode (rwx)") },
        [COL_NAME]             = { "NAME",
                                   0.4, SCOLS_FL_TRUNC, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("name of the file (cooked)") },
        [COL_NETLINK_GROUPS]   = { "NETLINK.GROUPS",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("netlink multicast groups") },
        [COL_NETLINK_LPORT]    = { "NETLINK.LPORT",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("netlink local port id") },
        [COL_NETLINK_PROTOCOL] = { "NETLINK.PROTOCOL",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("netlink protocol") },
        [COL_NLINK]            = { "NLINK",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("link count") },
        [COL_NS_NAME]          = { "NS.NAME",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("name of the namespace (NS.TYPE:[INODE])") },
        [COL_NS_TYPE]          = { "NS.TYPE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("type of the namespace") },
        [COL_OWNER]            = { "OWNER",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("owner of the file") },
        [COL_PACKET_IFACE]     = { "PACKET.IFACE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT,SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("net interface associated with the packet socket") },
        [COL_PACKET_PROTOCOL]  = { "PACKET.PROTOCOL",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT,SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("L3 protocol associated with the packet socket") },
        [COL_PARTITION]        = { "PARTITION",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("block device name resolved by /proc/partition") },
        [COL_PID]              = { "PID",
                                   5,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("PID of the process opening the file") },
        [COL_PIDFD_COMM]       = { "PIDFD.COMM",
                                   0.2, SCOLS_FL_TRUNC, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("command of the process targeted by the pidfd") },
        [COL_PIDFD_NSPID]      = { "PIDFD.NSPID",
                                   0.2, SCOLS_FL_TRUNC, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("NSpid field in fdinfo of the pidfd") },
        [COL_PIDFD_PID]        = { "PIDFD.PID",
                                   5,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("PID of the process targeted by the pidfd") },
        [COL_PING_ID]          = { "PING.ID",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("ICMP echo request ID") },
        [COL_POS]              = { "POS",
                                   5,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("file position") },
        [COL_PTMX_TTY_INDEX]   = { "PTMX.TTY-INDEX",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("tty index of the counterpart") },
        [COL_RAW_PROTOCOL]     = { "RAW.PROTOCOL",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("protocol number of the raw socket") },
        [COL_RDEV]             = { "RDEV",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("device ID (if special file)") },
        [COL_SIGNALFD_MASK]    = { "SIGNALFD.MASK",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("masked signals") },
        [COL_SIZE]             = { "SIZE",
                                   4,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("file size"), },
        [COL_SOCK_LISTENING]   = { "SOCK.LISTENING",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_BOOLEAN,
                                   N_("listening socket") },
        [COL_SOCK_NETNS]       = { "SOCK.NETNS",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("inode identifying network namespace where the socket belongs to") },
        [COL_SOCK_PROTONAME]   = { "SOCK.PROTONAME",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("protocol name") },
        [COL_SOCK_SHUTDOWN]    = { "SOCK.SHUTDOWN",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("shutdown state of socket ([-r?][-w?])") },
        [COL_SOCK_STATE]       = { "SOCK.STATE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("state of socket") },
        [COL_SOCK_TYPE]        = { "SOCK.TYPE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("type of socket") },
        [COL_SOURCE]           = { "SOURCE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("file system, partition, or device containing file") },
        [COL_STTYPE]           = { "STTYPE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("file type (raw)") },
        [COL_TCP_LADDR]        = { "TCP.LADDR",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("local TCP address (INET address:TCP port)") },
        [COL_TCP_RADDR]        = { "TCP.RADDR",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("remote TCP address (INET address:TCP port)") },
        [COL_TCP_LPORT]        = { "TCP.LPORT",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("local TCP port") },
        [COL_TCP_RPORT]        = { "TCP.RPORT",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("remote TCP port") },
        [COL_TID]              = { "TID",
                                   5,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("thread ID of the process opening the file") },
        [COL_TIMERFD_CLOCKID]  = { "TIMERFD.CLOCKID",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("clockid") },
        [COL_TIMERFD_INTERVAL] = { "TIMERFD.INTERVAL",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_FLOAT,
                                   N_("interval") },
        [COL_TIMERFD_REMAINING]= { "TIMERFD.REMAINING",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_FLOAT,
                                   N_("remaining time") },
        [COL_TUN_IFACE]        = { "TUN.IFACE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("network interface behind the tun device") },
        [COL_TYPE]             = { "TYPE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("file type (cooked)") },
        [COL_UDP_LADDR]        = { "UDP.LADDR",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("local UDP address (INET address:UDP port)") },
        [COL_UDP_RADDR]        = { "UDP.RADDR",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("remote UDP address (INET address:UDP port)") },
        [COL_UDP_LPORT]        = { "UDP.LPORT",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("local UDP port") },
        [COL_UDP_RPORT]        = { "UDP.RPORT",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("remote UDP port") },
        [COL_UDPLITE_LADDR]    = { "UDPLITE.LADDR",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("local UDPLite address (INET address:UDPLite port)") },
        [COL_UDPLITE_RADDR]    = { "UDPLITE.RADDR",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("remote UDPLite address (INET address:UDPLite port)") },
        [COL_UDPLITE_LPORT]    = { "UDPLITE.LPORT",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("local UDPLite port") },
        [COL_UDPLITE_RPORT]    = { "UDPLITE.RPORT",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("remote UDPLite port") },
        [COL_UID]              = { "UID",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER,
                                   N_("user ID number of the process") },
        [COL_UNIX_PATH]        = { "UNIX.PATH",
                                   0.4, SCOLS_FL_TRUNC, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("filesystem pathname for UNIX domain socket") },
        [COL_USER]             = { "USER",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("user of the process") },
        [COL_XMODE]            = { "XMODE",
                                   0,   SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, SCOLS_JSON_STRING,
                                   N_("extended version of MODE (rwxD[Ll]m)") },
};

static const int default_columns[] = {
        COL_COMMAND,
        COL_PID,
        COL_USER,
        COL_ASSOC,
        COL_XMODE,
        COL_TYPE,
        COL_SOURCE,
        COL_MNT_ID,
        COL_INODE,
        COL_NAME,
};

static const int default_threads_columns[] = {
        COL_COMMAND,
        COL_PID,
        COL_TID,
        COL_USER,
        COL_ASSOC,
        COL_XMODE,
        COL_TYPE,
        COL_SOURCE,
        COL_MNT_ID,
        COL_INODE,
        COL_NAME,
};

static int columns[ARRAY_SIZE(infos) * 2] = {-1};
static size_t ncolumns;

struct counter_spec {
        struct list_head specs;
        const char *name;
        const char *expr;
};

static const struct counter_spec default_counter_specs[] = {
        {
                .name = N_("processes"),
                .expr = "ASSOC == 'cwd'",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("root owned processes"),
                .expr = "(ASSOC == 'cwd') && (UID == 0)",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("kernel threads"),
                .expr = "(ASSOC == 'cwd') && KTHREAD",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("open files"),
                .expr = "FD >= 0",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("RO open files"),
                .expr = "(FD >= 0) and (MODE == 'r--')",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("WO open files"),
                .expr = "(FD >= 0) and (MODE == '-w-')",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("shared mappings"),
                .expr = "ASSOC == 'shm'",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("RO shared mappings"),
                .expr = "(ASSOC == 'shm') and (MODE == 'r--')",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("WO shared mappings"),
                .expr = "(ASSOC == 'shm') and (MODE == '-w-')",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("regular files"),
                .expr = "(FD >= 0) && (STTYPE == 'REG')",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("directories"),
                .expr = "(FD >= 0) && (STTYPE == 'DIR')",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("sockets"),
                .expr = "(FD >= 0) && (STTYPE == 'SOCK')",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("fifos/pipes"),
                .expr = "(FD >= 0) && (STTYPE == 'FIFO')",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("character devices"),
                .expr = "(FD >= 0) && (STTYPE == 'CHR')",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("block devices"),
                .expr = "(FD >= 0) && (STTYPE == 'BLK')",
        },
        {
                .name = N_("unknown types"),
                .expr = "(FD >= 0) && (STTYPE == 'UNKN')",
        }
};

/* "userdata" used by callback for libsmartcols filter */
struct filler_data {
        struct proc *proc;
        struct file *file;
};

struct lsfd_control {
        struct libscols_table *tb;                /* output */
        struct list_head procs;                        /* list of all processes */

        unsigned int        noheadings : 1,
                        raw : 1,
                        json : 1,
                        notrunc : 1,
                        threads : 1,
                        show_main : 1,                /* print main table */
                        show_summary : 1,        /* print summary/counters */
                        sockets_only : 1,        /* display only SOCKETS */
                        show_xmode : 1;                /* XMODE column is enabled. */

        struct libscols_filter *filter;                /* filter */
        struct libscols_filter **ct_filters;        /* counters (NULL terminated array) */
};

static void *proc_tree;                        /* for tsearch/tfind */

static int proc_tree_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
{
        return ((struct proc *)a)->pid - ((struct proc *)b)->pid;
}

struct proc *get_proc(pid_t pid)
{
        struct proc key = { .pid = pid };
        struct proc **node = tfind(&key, &proc_tree, proc_tree_compare);
        if (node)
                return *node;
        return NULL;
}

static int column_name_to_id(const char *name, size_t namesz)
{
        size_t i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(infos); i++) {
                const char *cn = infos[i].name;

                if (!strncasecmp(name, cn, namesz) && !*(cn + namesz))
                        return i;
        }
        warnx(_("unknown column: %s"), name);
        return -1;
}

static int get_column_id(int num)
{
        assert(num >= 0);
        assert((size_t) num < ncolumns);
        assert(columns[num] < (int) ARRAY_SIZE(infos));

        return columns[num];
}

static const struct colinfo *get_column_info(int num)
{
        return &infos[ get_column_id(num) ];
}

static struct libscols_column *add_column(struct libscols_table *tb,
                                          const struct colinfo *col, int extra)
{
        struct libscols_column *cl;
        int flags = col->flags;

        cl = scols_table_new_column(tb, col->name, col->whint, flags | extra);
        if (cl) {
                scols_column_set_json_type(cl, col->json_type);
                if (col->flags & SCOLS_FL_WRAP) {
                        scols_column_set_wrapfunc(cl,
                                                  scols_wrapnl_chunksize,
                                                  scols_wrapnl_nextchunk,
                                                  NULL);
                        scols_column_set_safechars(cl, "\n");
                }
        }

        return cl;
}

static struct libscols_column *add_column_by_id(struct lsfd_control *ctl,
                                                int colid, int extra)
{
        struct libscols_column *cl;

        if (ncolumns >= ARRAY_SIZE(columns))
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("too many columns are added via filter expression"));

        assert(colid < LSFD_N_COLS);

        cl = add_column(ctl->tb, infos + colid, extra);
        if (!cl)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate output column"));
        columns[ncolumns++] = colid;

        if (colid == COL_TID)
                ctl->threads = 1;

        return cl;
}

static const struct file_class *stat2class(struct stat *sb)
{
        dev_t dev;

        assert(sb);

        switch (sb->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
        case S_IFCHR:
                return &cdev_class;
        case S_IFBLK:
                return &bdev_class;
        case S_IFSOCK:
                return &sock_class;
        case S_IFIFO:
                return &fifo_class;
        case S_IFLNK:
        case S_IFDIR:
                return &file_class;
        case S_IFREG:
                dev = sb->st_dev;
                if (major(dev) != 0)
                        return &file_class;

                if (is_nsfs_dev(dev))
                        return &nsfs_file_class;

                if (is_mqueue_dev(dev))
                        return &mqueue_file_class;

                if (is_pidfs_dev(dev))
                        return &pidfs_file_class;

                return &file_class;
        default:
                break;
        }

        return &unkn_class;
}

static struct file *new_file(struct proc *proc, const struct file_class *class,
                             struct stat *sb, const char *name, int association)
{
        struct file *file;

        assert(class);
        file = xcalloc(1, class->size);
        file->class = class;

        file->proc = proc;

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file->files);
        list_add_tail(&file->files, &proc->files);

        file->association = association;
        file->name = xstrdup(name);
        file->stat = *sb;

        return file;
}

static struct file *new_readlink_error_file(struct proc *proc, int error_no, int association)
{
        struct file *file;

        file = xcalloc(1, readlink_error_class.size);
        file->class = &readlink_error_class;

        file->proc = proc;

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file->files);
        list_add_tail(&file->files, &proc->files);

        file->error.syscall = "readlink";
        file->error.number = error_no;
        file->association = association;
        file->name = NULL;

        return file;
}

static struct file *new_stat_error_file(struct proc *proc, const char *name, int error_no, int association)
{
        struct file *file;

        file = xcalloc(1, stat_error_class.size);
        file->class = &stat_error_class;

        file->proc = proc;

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file->files);
        list_add_tail(&file->files, &proc->files);

        file->error.syscall = "stat";
        file->error.number = error_no;
        file->association = association;
        file->name = xstrdup(name);

        return file;
}

static struct file *copy_file(struct file *old, int new_association)
{
        struct file *file = xcalloc(1, old->class->size);

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file->files);
        file->proc = old->proc;
        list_add_tail(&file->files, &old->proc->files);

        file->class = old->class;
        file->association = new_association;
        file->name = xstrdup(old->name);
        file->stat = old->stat;

        return file;
}

static void file_init_content(struct file *file)
{
        if (file->class && file->class->initialize_content)
                file->class->initialize_content(file);
}

static void free_file(struct file *file)
{
        const struct file_class *class = file->class;

        while (class) {
                if (class->free_content)
                        class->free_content(file);
                class = class->super;
        }
        free(file);
}


static struct proc *new_proc(pid_t pid, struct proc *leader)
{
        struct proc *proc = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*proc));

        proc->pid  = pid;
        proc->leader = leader? leader: proc;
        proc->command = NULL;

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&proc->files);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&proc->procs);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&proc->eventpolls);

        proc->kthread = 0;
        return proc;
}

static void free_proc(struct proc *proc)
{
        list_free(&proc->files, struct file, files, free_file);

        free(proc->command);
        free(proc);
}

static void read_fdinfo(struct file *file, FILE *fdinfo)
{
        char buf[1024];

        while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fdinfo)) {
                const struct file_class *class;
                char *val = strchr(buf, ':');

                if (!val)
                        continue;
                *val++ = '\0';        /* terminate key */

                val = (char *) skip_space(val);
                rtrim_whitespace((unsigned char *) val);

                class = file->class;
                while (class) {
                        if (class->handle_fdinfo
                            && class->handle_fdinfo(file, buf, val))
                                break;
                        class = class->super;
                }
        }
}

static struct file *collect_file_symlink(struct path_cxt *pc,
                                         struct proc *proc,
                                         const char *name,
                                         int assoc,
                                         bool sockets_only)
{
        char sym[PATH_MAX] = { '\0' };
        struct stat sb;
        struct file *f, *prev;

        if (ul_path_readlink(pc, sym, sizeof(sym), name) < 0)
                f = new_readlink_error_file(proc, errno, assoc);
        /* The /proc/#/{fd,ns} often contains the same file (e.g. /dev/tty)
         * more than once. Let's try to reuse the previous file if the real
         * path is the same to save stat() call.
         */
        else if ((prev = list_last_entry(&proc->files, struct file, files))
                 && (!prev->is_error)
                 && prev->name && strcmp(prev->name, sym) == 0)
                f = copy_file(prev, assoc);
        else if (ul_path_stat(pc, &sb, 0, name) < 0)
                f = new_stat_error_file(proc, sym, errno, assoc);
        else {
                const struct file_class *class = stat2class(&sb);

                if (sockets_only
                    /* A nsfs file is not a socket but the nsfs file can
                     * be used as a entry point to collect information from
                     * other network namespaces. Based on the information,
                     * various columns of sockets can be filled.
                     */
                    && (class != &sock_class) && (class != &nsfs_file_class))
                        return NULL;
                f = new_file(proc, class, &sb, sym, assoc);
        }

        file_init_content(f);

        if (f->is_error)
                return f;

        if (is_association(f, NS_MNT)) {
                proc->mnt_ns = find_mnt_ns(f->stat.st_ino);
                if (proc->mnt_ns == NULL)
                        proc->mnt_ns = add_mnt_ns(f->stat.st_ino);
        } else if (is_association(f, NS_NET))
                load_sock_xinfo(pc, name, f->stat.st_ino);

        else if (assoc >= 0) {
                /* file-descriptor based association */
                FILE *fdinfo;

                if (ul_path_stat(pc, &sb, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW, name) == 0)
                        f->mode = sb.st_mode;

                if (is_nsfs_dev(f->stat.st_dev))
                        load_sock_xinfo(pc, name, f->stat.st_ino);

                fdinfo = ul_path_fopenf(pc, "r", "fdinfo/%d", assoc);
                if (fdinfo) {
                        read_fdinfo(f, fdinfo);
                        fclose(fdinfo);
                }
        }

        return f;
}

/* read symlinks from /proc/#/fd
 */
static void collect_fd_files(struct path_cxt *pc, struct proc *proc,
                             bool sockets_only)
{
        DIR *sub = NULL;
        struct dirent *d = NULL;
        char path[sizeof("fd/") + sizeof(stringify_value(UINT64_MAX))];

        while (ul_path_next_dirent(pc, &sub, "fd", &d) == 0) {
                uint64_t num;

                if (ul_strtou64(d->d_name, &num, 10) != 0)        /* only numbers */
                        continue;

                snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "fd/%ju", (uintmax_t) num);
                collect_file_symlink(pc, proc, path, num, sockets_only);
        }
}

static void parse_maps_line(struct path_cxt *pc, char *buf, struct proc *proc)
{
        uint64_t start, end, offset, ino;
        unsigned long major, minor;
        enum association assoc = ASSOC_MEM;
        struct stat sb;
        struct file *f, *prev;
        char *path, modestr[5];
        dev_t devno;

        /* read rest of the map */
        if (sscanf(buf, "%"SCNx64                /* start */
                        "-%"SCNx64                /* end */
                        " %4[^ ]"                /* mode */
                        " %"SCNx64                /* offset */
                        " %lx:%lx"                /* maj:min */
                        " %"SCNu64,                /* inode */

                        &start, &end, modestr, &offset,
                        &major, &minor, &ino) != 7)
                return;

        /* Skip private anonymous mappings. */
        if (major == 0 && minor == 0 && ino == 0)
                return;

        devno = makedev(major, minor);

        if (modestr[3] == 's')
                assoc = ASSOC_SHM;

        /* The map usually contains the same file more than once, try to reuse
         * the previous file (if devno and ino are the same) to save stat() call.
         */
        prev = list_last_entry(&proc->files, struct file, files);

        if (prev && (!prev->is_error)
            && prev->stat.st_dev == devno && prev->stat.st_ino == ino)
                f = copy_file(prev, -assoc);
        else if ((path = strchr(buf, '/'))) {
                rtrim_whitespace((unsigned char *) path);
                if (stat(path, &sb) < 0)
                        /* If a file is mapped but deleted from the file system,
                         * "stat by the file name" may not work. In that case,
                         */
                        goto try_map_files;
                f = new_file(proc, stat2class(&sb), &sb, path, -assoc);
        } else {
                /* As used in tcpdump, AF_PACKET socket can be mmap'ed. */
                char sym[PATH_MAX] = { '\0' };

        try_map_files:
                if (ul_path_readlinkf(pc, sym, sizeof(sym),
                                      "map_files/%"PRIx64"-%"PRIx64, start, end) < 0)
                        f = new_readlink_error_file(proc, errno, -assoc);
                else if (ul_path_statf(pc, &sb, 0,
                                       "map_files/%"PRIx64"-%"PRIx64, start, end) < 0)
                        f = new_stat_error_file(proc, sym, errno, -assoc);
                else
                        f = new_file(proc, stat2class(&sb), &sb, sym, -assoc);
        }

        if (modestr[0] == 'r')
                f->mode |= S_IRUSR;
        if (modestr[1] == 'w')
                f->mode |= S_IWUSR;
        if (modestr[2] == 'x')
                f->mode |= S_IXUSR;

        f->map_start = start;
        f->map_end = end;
        f->pos = offset;

        file_init_content(f);
}

static void collect_mem_files(struct path_cxt *pc, struct proc *proc)
{
        FILE *fp;
        char buf[BUFSIZ];

        fp = ul_path_fopen(pc, "r", "maps");
        if (!fp)
                return;

        while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp))
                parse_maps_line(pc, buf, proc);

        fclose(fp);
}

static void collect_outofbox_files(struct path_cxt *pc,
                                   struct proc *proc,
                                   enum association assocs[],
                                   const char *names[],
                                   size_t count,
                                   bool sockets_only)
{
        size_t i;

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
                collect_file_symlink(pc, proc, names[assocs[i]], assocs[i] * -1,
                                     sockets_only);
}

static void collect_execve_file(struct path_cxt *pc, struct proc *proc,
                                bool sockets_only)
{
        enum association assocs[] = { ASSOC_EXE };
        const char *names[] = {
                [ASSOC_EXE]  = "exe",
        };
        collect_outofbox_files(pc, proc, assocs, names, ARRAY_SIZE(assocs),
                               sockets_only);
}

static void collect_fs_files(struct path_cxt *pc, struct proc *proc,
                             bool sockets_only)
{
        enum association assocs[] = { ASSOC_CWD, ASSOC_ROOT };
        const char *names[] = {
                [ASSOC_CWD]  = "cwd",
                [ASSOC_ROOT] = "root",
        };
        collect_outofbox_files(pc, proc, assocs, names, ARRAY_SIZE(assocs),
                               sockets_only);
}

static void collect_namespace_files_tophalf(struct path_cxt *pc, struct proc *proc)
{
        enum association assocs[] = {
                ASSOC_NS_CGROUP,
                ASSOC_NS_IPC,
                ASSOC_NS_MNT,
        };
        const char *names[] = {
                [ASSOC_NS_CGROUP] = "ns/cgroup",
                [ASSOC_NS_IPC]    = "ns/ipc",
                [ASSOC_NS_MNT]    = "ns/mnt",
        };
        collect_outofbox_files(pc, proc, assocs, names, ARRAY_SIZE(assocs),
                               /* Namespace information is always needed. */
                               false);
}

static void collect_namespace_files_bottomhalf(struct path_cxt *pc, struct proc *proc)
{
        enum association assocs[] = {
                ASSOC_NS_NET,
                ASSOC_NS_PID,
                ASSOC_NS_PID4C,
                ASSOC_NS_TIME,
                ASSOC_NS_TIME4C,
                ASSOC_NS_USER,
                ASSOC_NS_UTS,
        };
        const char *names[] = {
                [ASSOC_NS_NET]    = "ns/net",
                [ASSOC_NS_PID]    = "ns/pid",
                [ASSOC_NS_PID4C]  = "ns/pid_for_children",
                [ASSOC_NS_TIME]   = "ns/time",
                [ASSOC_NS_TIME4C] = "ns/time_for_children",
                [ASSOC_NS_USER]   = "ns/user",
                [ASSOC_NS_UTS]    = "ns/uts",
        };
        collect_outofbox_files(pc, proc, assocs, names, ARRAY_SIZE(assocs),
                               /* Namespace information is always needed. */
                               false);
}

static void reset_cooked_bdev(struct cooked_bdev *bdev, dev_t raw, const char *filesystem)
{
        bdev->raw = raw;
        free(bdev->filesystem);
        bdev->filesystem = xstrdup(filesystem);
}

static struct cooked_bdev *new_cooked_bdev(dev_t cooked, dev_t raw, const char *filesystem)
{
        struct cooked_bdev *bdev = xmalloc(sizeof(*bdev));

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdev->cooked_bdevs);
        bdev->cooked = cooked;
        bdev->raw = raw;
        if (major(cooked) == 0) {
                bdev->filesystem = NULL;
                xasprintf(&bdev->filesystem, "%s:%lu",
                          filesystem, (unsigned long)minor(cooked));
        } else
                bdev->filesystem = xstrdup(filesystem);

        return bdev;
}

static void free_cooked_bdev(struct cooked_bdev* bdev)
{
        if (bdev->filesystem)
                free(bdev->filesystem);
        free(bdev);
}

static void add_cooked_bdev(struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns, dev_t cooked, dev_t raw, const char *filesystem)
{
        struct cooked_bdev *bdev;

        struct list_head *n;
        list_for_each (n, &mnt_ns->cooked_bdevs) {
                bdev = list_entry(n, struct cooked_bdev, cooked_bdevs);
                if (bdev->cooked == cooked) {
                        reset_cooked_bdev (bdev, raw, filesystem);
                        return;
                }
        }

        bdev = new_cooked_bdev(cooked, raw, filesystem);
        list_add_tail(&bdev->cooked_bdevs, &mnt_ns->cooked_bdevs);
}

static void dedup_cooked_bdevs(struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns)
{
        struct list_head *n, *nnext;

        list_for_each_safe(n, nnext, &mnt_ns->cooked_bdevs) {
                struct cooked_bdev *bdev = list_entry(n, struct cooked_bdev,
                                                      cooked_bdevs);
                if (bdev->cooked == bdev->raw) {
                        list_del(n);
                        free_cooked_bdev(bdev);
                }
        }

#if 0
        list_for_each(n, &mnt_ns->cooked_bdevs) {
                struct cooked_bdev *bdev = list_entry(n, struct cooked_bdev,
                                                      cooked_bdevs);
                fprintf(stderr, "mntns: %lu (major: %u, minor: %u) => (major: %u, minor: %u)\n",
                        mnt_ns->id,
                        major(bdev->cooked), minor(bdev->cooked),
                        major(bdev->raw), minor(bdev->raw));
        }
#endif
}

static struct mnt_namespace *new_mnt_ns(ino_t id)
{
        struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns = xmalloc(sizeof(*mnt_ns));

        mnt_ns->id = id;
        mnt_ns->read_mountinfo = false;
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mnt_ns->cooked_bdevs);

        return mnt_ns;
}

static void free_mnt_ns(void *mnt_ns)
{
        list_free(&((struct mnt_namespace *)mnt_ns)->cooked_bdevs,
                  struct cooked_bdev, cooked_bdevs, free_cooked_bdev);

        free(mnt_ns);
}

static int compare_mnt_ns(const void *a, const void *b)
{
        ino_t A = (((struct mnt_namespace *)a)->id);
        ino_t B = (((struct mnt_namespace *)b)->id);

        if (A < B)
                return -1;
        else if (A == B)
                return 0;
        else
                return 1;
}

static struct mnt_namespace *find_mnt_ns(ino_t id)
{
        struct mnt_namespace key = { .id = id };

        struct mnt_namespace **mnt_ns = tfind(&key, &mnt_namespaces, compare_mnt_ns);
        if (mnt_ns)
                return *mnt_ns;
        return NULL;
}

static struct mnt_namespace *add_mnt_ns(ino_t id)
{

        struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns = new_mnt_ns(id);
        if (tsearch(mnt_ns, &mnt_namespaces, compare_mnt_ns) == NULL)
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate memory"));

        return mnt_ns;
}

static struct nodev *new_nodev(unsigned long minor, const char *filesystem)
{
        struct nodev *nodev = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*nodev));

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&nodev->nodevs);
        nodev->minor = minor;
        nodev->filesystem = xstrdup(filesystem);

        return nodev;
}

static void free_nodev(struct nodev *nodev)
{
        free(nodev->filesystem);
        free(nodev);
}

void add_nodev(unsigned long minor, const char *filesystem)
{
        struct nodev *nodev = new_nodev(minor, filesystem);
        unsigned long slot = nodev->minor % NODEV_TABLE_SIZE;

        list_add_tail(&nodev->nodevs, &nodev_table.tables[slot]);
}

static void initialize_nodevs(void)
{
        int i;
        struct stat sb;

        for (i = 0; i < NODEV_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
                INIT_LIST_HEAD(&nodev_table.tables[i]);

        if (stat("/proc/self/ns/mnt", &sb) == 0) {
                self_mntns_id = sb.st_ino;
                self_mntns_fd = open("/proc/self/ns/mnt", O_RDONLY);
        }
}

static void finalize_nodevs(void)
{
        int i;

        if (self_mntns_fd >= 0)
                close(self_mntns_fd);

        for (i = 0; i < NODEV_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
                list_free(&nodev_table.tables[i], struct nodev, nodevs, free_nodev);

        tdestroy(mnt_namespaces, free_mnt_ns);
}

const char *get_nodev_filesystem(unsigned long minor)
{
        struct list_head *n;
        int slot = minor % NODEV_TABLE_SIZE;

        list_for_each (n, &nodev_table.tables[slot]) {
                struct nodev *nodev = list_entry(n, struct nodev, nodevs);
                if (nodev->minor == minor)
                        return nodev->filesystem;
        }
        return NULL;
}

static void add_nodevs_from_cooked_bdevs(struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns)
{
        struct list_head *n;
        list_for_each(n, &mnt_ns->cooked_bdevs) {
                struct cooked_bdev *bdev = list_entry(n, struct cooked_bdev,
                                                      cooked_bdevs);
                if (major(bdev->cooked) == 0
                    && get_nodev_filesystem(minor(bdev->cooked)) == NULL)
                        add_nodev(minor(bdev->cooked), bdev->filesystem);
        }
}

static void process_mountinfo_entry(unsigned long major, unsigned long minor,
                                    const char *filesystem,
                                    const char *mntpoint_filename,
                                    struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns)
{
        if (mnt_ns != NULL) {
                struct stat sb;
                if (stat(mntpoint_filename, &sb) == 0)
                        add_cooked_bdev(mnt_ns, sb.st_dev, makedev(major, minor), filesystem);
        }

        if (major != 0)
                return;
        if (get_nodev_filesystem(minor))
                return;

        add_nodev(minor, filesystem);
}

static void read_mountinfo(FILE *mountinfo, struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns)
{
        /* This can be very long. A line in mountinfo can have more than 3
         * paths. */
        char line[PATH_MAX * 3 + 256];

        while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), mountinfo)) {
                unsigned long major, minor;
                char filesystem[256];
                int mntpoint_offset, mntpoint_end_offset;
                int scan_offset;

                if(sscanf(line, "%*d %*d %lu:%lu %*s %n%*s%n %*s %n", &major, &minor,
                          &mntpoint_offset, &mntpoint_end_offset, &scan_offset) != 2)
                        continue;

                /* 23 61 0:22 / /sys rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime shared:2 - sysfs sysfs rw,seclabel
                 * --------------------------------------------------^
                 */
                if(sscanf(line + scan_offset, "%*[^-] - %255s %*[^\n]",
                          filesystem) != 1)
                        /* 1600 1458 0:55 / / rw,nodev,relatime - overlay overlay rw,context="s...
                         * -------------------------------------^
                         */
                        if (sscanf(line + scan_offset, "- %255s %*[^\n]",
                                   filesystem) != 1)
                                continue;

                line[mntpoint_end_offset] = '\0';
                process_mountinfo_entry(major, minor, filesystem,
                                        line + mntpoint_offset, mnt_ns);
        }

        if (mnt_ns) {
                dedup_cooked_bdevs(mnt_ns);
                add_nodevs_from_cooked_bdevs(mnt_ns);
        }
}

static void read_mountinfo_in_mntns(FILE *mountinfo, struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns,
                                    int mntns_fd)
{
        if (mntns_fd >= 0 && setns(mntns_fd, CLONE_NEWNS) < 0) {
                mntns_fd = -1;
                mnt_ns = NULL;
        }

        read_mountinfo(mountinfo, mnt_ns);

        if (mntns_fd >= 0)
                setns(self_mntns_fd, CLONE_NEWNS);
}

static void initialize_ipc_table(void)
{
        for (int i = 0; i < IPC_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
                INIT_LIST_HEAD(ipc_table.tables + i);
}

static void free_ipc(struct ipc *ipc)
{
        if (ipc->class->free)
                ipc->class->free(ipc);
        free(ipc);
}

static void finalize_ipc_table(void)
{
        for (int i = 0; i < IPC_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
                list_free(&ipc_table.tables[i], struct ipc, ipcs, free_ipc);
}

struct ipc *new_ipc(const struct ipc_class *class)
{
        struct ipc *ipc = xcalloc(1, class->size);
        ipc->class = class;
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ipc->endpoints);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ipc->ipcs);
        return ipc;
}

struct ipc *get_ipc(struct file *file)
{
        int slot;
        struct list_head *e;
        const struct ipc_class *ipc_class;

        if (!file->class->get_ipc_class)
                return NULL;

        ipc_class = file->class->get_ipc_class(file);
        if (!ipc_class)
                return NULL;

        slot = ipc_class->get_hash(file) % IPC_TABLE_SIZE;
        list_for_each (e, &ipc_table.tables[slot]) {
                struct ipc *ipc = list_entry(e, struct ipc, ipcs);
                if (ipc->class != ipc_class)
                        continue;
                if (ipc_class->is_suitable_ipc(ipc, file))
                        return ipc;
        }
        return NULL;
}

void add_ipc(struct ipc *ipc, unsigned int hash)
{
        int slot = hash % IPC_TABLE_SIZE;
        list_add(&ipc->ipcs, &ipc_table.tables[slot]);
}

void init_endpoint(struct ipc_endpoint *endpoint)
{
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&endpoint->endpoints);
}

void add_endpoint(struct ipc_endpoint *endpoint, struct ipc *ipc)
{
        endpoint->ipc = ipc;
        list_add(&endpoint->endpoints, &ipc->endpoints);
}


static void fill_column(struct proc *proc,
                        struct file *file,
                        struct libscols_line *ln,
                        int column_id,
                        size_t column_index)
{
        const struct file_class *class = file->class;

        while (class) {
                if (class->fill_column
                    && class->fill_column(proc, file, ln,
                                          column_id, column_index))
                        break;
                class = class->super;
        }
}

static int filter_filler_cb(
                struct libscols_filter *fltr __attribute__((__unused__)),
                struct libscols_line *ln,
                size_t colnum,
                void *userdata)
{
        struct filler_data *fid = (struct filler_data *) userdata;

        fill_column(fid->proc, fid->file, ln, get_column_id(colnum), colnum);
        return 0;
}

static void convert_file(struct proc *proc,
                     struct file *file,
                     struct libscols_line *ln)

{
        size_t i;

        for (i = 0; i < ncolumns; i++) {
                if (scols_line_is_filled(ln, i))
                        continue;
                fill_column(proc, file, ln, get_column_id(i), i);
        }
}

static void convert(struct list_head *procs, struct lsfd_control *ctl)
{
        struct list_head *p;

        list_for_each (p, procs) {
                struct proc *proc = list_entry(p, struct proc, procs);
                struct list_head *f;

                list_for_each (f, &proc->files) {
                        struct file *file = list_entry(f, struct file, files);
                        struct libscols_line *ln = scols_table_new_line(ctl->tb, NULL);
                        struct libscols_filter **ct_fltr = NULL;

                        if (!ln)
                                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate output line"));
                        if (ctl->filter) {
                                int status = 0;
                                struct filler_data fid = {
                                        .proc = proc,
                                        .file = file
                                };

                                scols_filter_set_filler_cb(ctl->filter,
                                                filter_filler_cb, (void *) &fid);
                                if (scols_line_apply_filter(ln, ctl->filter, &status))
                                        err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to apply filter"));
                                if (status == 0) {
                                        scols_table_remove_line(ctl->tb, ln);
                                        continue;
                                }
                        }

                        convert_file(proc, file, ln);

                        if (!ctl->ct_filters)
                                continue;

                        for (ct_fltr = ctl->ct_filters; *ct_fltr; ct_fltr++)
                                scols_line_apply_filter(ln, *ct_fltr, NULL);
                }
        }
}

static void delete(struct list_head *procs, struct lsfd_control *ctl)
{
        struct list_head *p;

        list_for_each (p, procs) {
                struct proc *proc = list_entry(p, struct proc, procs);
                tdelete(proc, &proc_tree, proc_tree_compare);
        }
        list_free(procs, struct proc, procs, free_proc);

        scols_unref_table(ctl->tb);
        scols_unref_filter(ctl->filter);

        if (ctl->ct_filters) {
                struct libscols_filter **ct_fltr;
                for (ct_fltr = ctl->ct_filters; *ct_fltr; ct_fltr++)
                        scols_unref_filter(*ct_fltr);
                free(ctl->ct_filters);
        }
}

static void emit(struct lsfd_control *ctl)
{
        scols_print_table(ctl->tb);
}


static void initialize_class(const struct file_class *class)
{
        if (class->initialize_class)
                class->initialize_class();
}

static void initialize_classes(void)
{
        initialize_class(&abst_class);
        initialize_class(&file_class);
        initialize_class(&cdev_class);
        initialize_class(&bdev_class);
        initialize_class(&sock_class);
        initialize_class(&unkn_class);
}

static void finalize_class(const struct file_class *class)
{
        if (class->finalize_class)
                class->finalize_class();
}

static void finalize_classes(void)
{
        finalize_class(&file_class);
        finalize_class(&cdev_class);
        finalize_class(&bdev_class);
        finalize_class(&sock_class);
        finalize_class(&unkn_class);
}

static struct devdrv *new_devdrv(unsigned long major, const char *name)
{
        struct devdrv *devdrv = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*devdrv));

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&devdrv->devdrvs);

        devdrv->major = major;
        devdrv->name = xstrdup(name);

        return devdrv;
}

static void free_devdrv(struct devdrv *devdrv)
{
        free(devdrv->name);
        free(devdrv);
}

#define READ_DEVICES_LINE_LEN 256
static struct devdrv *read_devdrv(const char *line)
{
        unsigned long major;
        char name[READ_DEVICES_LINE_LEN];

        if (sscanf(line, "%lu %s", &major, name) != 2)
                return NULL;

        return new_devdrv(major, name);
}

static void read_devices(struct list_head *chrdrvs_list,
                         struct list_head *blkdrvs_list, FILE *devices_fp)
{
        char line[READ_DEVICES_LINE_LEN];

        /* Skip to the line "Character devices:". */
        while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), devices_fp)) {
                if (line[0] == 'C')
                        break;
                continue;
        }

        while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), devices_fp)) {
                /* Find the blank line before "Block devices:" line. */
                if (line[0] == '\n')
                        break;

                /* Read the character device drivers */
                struct devdrv *devdrv = read_devdrv(line);
                if (devdrv)
                        list_add_tail(&devdrv->devdrvs, chrdrvs_list);
        }

        /* Skip to the line "Block devices:". */
        while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), devices_fp)) {
                if (line[0] == 'B')
                        break;
                continue;
        }

        /* Read the block device drivers */
        while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), devices_fp)) {
                struct devdrv *devdrv = read_devdrv(line);
                if (devdrv)
                        list_add_tail(&devdrv->devdrvs, blkdrvs_list);
        }
}

static void initialize_devdrvs(void)
{
        FILE *devices_fp;

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chrdrvs);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&blkdrvs);

        devices_fp = fopen("/proc/devices", "r");
        if (devices_fp) {
                read_devices(&chrdrvs, &blkdrvs, devices_fp);
                fclose(devices_fp);
        }
}

static void finalize_devdrvs(void)
{
        list_free(&blkdrvs, struct devdrv,  devdrvs, free_devdrv);
        list_free(&chrdrvs, struct devdrv,  devdrvs, free_devdrv);
}

static const char *get_devdrv(struct list_head *devdrvs_list, unsigned long major)
{
        struct list_head *c;
        list_for_each(c, devdrvs_list) {
                struct devdrv *devdrv = list_entry(c, struct devdrv, devdrvs);
                if (devdrv->major == major)
                        return devdrv->name;
        }
        return NULL;
}

const char *get_chrdrv(unsigned long major)
{
        return get_devdrv(&chrdrvs, major);
}

const char *get_blkdrv(unsigned long major)
{
        return get_devdrv(&blkdrvs, major);
}

struct name_manager *new_name_manager(void)
{
        struct name_manager *nm = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct name_manager));

        nm->cache = new_idcache();
        if (!nm->cache)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate an idcache"));

        nm->next_id = 1;        /* 0 is never issued as id. */
        return nm;
}

void free_name_manager(struct name_manager *nm)
{
        free_idcache(nm->cache);
        free(nm);
}

const char *get_name(struct name_manager *nm, unsigned long id)
{
        struct identry *e;

        e = get_id(nm->cache, id);

        return e? e->name: NULL;
}

unsigned long add_name(struct name_manager *nm, const char *name)
{
        struct identry *e = NULL, *tmp;

        for (tmp = nm->cache->ent; tmp; tmp = tmp->next) {
                if (strcmp(tmp->name, name) == 0) {
                        e = tmp;
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (e)
                return e->id;

        e = xmalloc(sizeof(struct identry));
        e->name = xstrdup(name);
        e->id = nm->next_id++;
        e->next = nm->cache->ent;
        nm->cache->ent = e;

        return e->id;
}

static void walk_threads(struct lsfd_control *ctl, struct path_cxt *pc,
                         pid_t pid, struct proc *proc,
                         void (*cb)(struct lsfd_control *, struct path_cxt *,
                                    pid_t, struct proc *))
{
        DIR *sub = NULL;
        pid_t tid = 0;

        while (procfs_process_next_tid(pc, &sub, &tid) == 0) {
                if (tid == pid)
                        continue;
                (*cb)(ctl, pc, tid, proc);
        }
}

static int pollfdcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
{
        const struct pollfd *apfd = a, *bpfd = b;

        return apfd->fd - bpfd->fd;
}

static void mark_poll_fds_as_multiplexed(char *buf,
                                         pid_t pid, struct proc *proc)
{
        long fds;
        long nfds;

        struct iovec  local;
        struct iovec  remote;
        ssize_t n;

        struct list_head *f;

        if (sscanf(buf, "%lx %lx", &fds, &nfds) != 2)
                return;

        if (nfds == 0)
                return;

        local.iov_len = sizeof(struct pollfd) * nfds;
        local.iov_base = xmalloc(local.iov_len);
        remote.iov_len = local.iov_len;
        remote.iov_base = (void *)fds;

        n = process_vm_readv(pid, &local, 1, &remote, 1, 0);
        if (n < 0 || ((size_t)n) != local.iov_len)
                goto out;

        qsort(local.iov_base, nfds, sizeof(struct pollfd), pollfdcmp);

        list_for_each (f, &proc->files) {
                struct file *file = list_entry(f, struct file, files);
                if (is_opened_file(file) && !file->multiplexed) {
                        int fd = file->association;
                        if (bsearch(&(struct pollfd){.fd = fd,}, local.iov_base,
                                    nfds, sizeof(struct pollfd), pollfdcmp))
                                file->multiplexed = 1;
                }
        }

 out:
        free(local.iov_base);
}

static void mark_select_fds_as_multiplexed(char *buf,
                                           pid_t pid, struct proc *proc)
{
        long nfds;
        long fds[3];

        struct iovec  local[3];
        fd_set local_set[3];
        struct iovec  remote[3];
        ssize_t n;
        ssize_t expected_n = 0;

        struct list_head *f;

        if (sscanf(buf, "%lx %lx %lx %lx", &nfds, fds + 0, fds + 1, fds + 2) != 4)
                return;

        if (nfds == 0)
                return;

        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                /* If the remote address for the fd_set is 0x0, no set is tehre. */
                remote[i].iov_len = local[i].iov_len = fds[i]? sizeof(local_set[i]): 0;
                expected_n += (ssize_t)local[i].iov_len;
                local[i].iov_base = local_set + i;
                remote[i].iov_base = (void *)(fds[i]);
        }

        n = process_vm_readv(pid, local, 3, remote, 3, 0);
        if (n < 0 || n != expected_n)
                        return;

        list_for_each (f, &proc->files) {
                struct file *file = list_entry(f, struct file, files);
                if (is_opened_file(file) && !file->multiplexed) {
                        int fd = file->association;
                        if (nfds <= fd)
                                continue;
                        if ((fds[0] && FD_ISSET(fd, (fd_set *)local[0].iov_base))
                            || (fds[1] && FD_ISSET(fd, (fd_set *)local[1].iov_base))
                            || (fds[2] && FD_ISSET(fd, (fd_set *)local[2].iov_base)))
                                file->multiplexed = 1;
                }
        }
}

static void parse_proc_syscall(struct lsfd_control *ctl __attribute__((__unused__)),
                               struct path_cxt *pc, pid_t pid, struct proc *proc)
{
        char buf[BUFSIZ];
        char *ptr = NULL;
        long scn;

        if (procfs_process_get_syscall(pc, buf, sizeof(buf)) <= 0)
                return;

        errno  = 0;
        scn = strtol(buf, &ptr, 10);
        if (errno)
                return;
        if (scn < 0)
                return;

        switch (scn) {
#ifdef SYS_poll
        case SYS_poll:
                mark_poll_fds_as_multiplexed(ptr, pid, proc);
                break;
#endif
#ifdef SYS_ppoll
        case SYS_ppoll:
                mark_poll_fds_as_multiplexed(ptr, pid, proc);
                break;
#endif
#ifdef SYS_ppoll_time64
        case SYS_ppoll_time64:
                mark_poll_fds_as_multiplexed(ptr, pid, proc);
                break;
#endif

#ifdef SYS_select
        case SYS_select:
                mark_select_fds_as_multiplexed(ptr, pid, proc);
                break;
#endif
#ifdef SYS_pselect6
        case SYS_pselect6:
                mark_select_fds_as_multiplexed(ptr, pid, proc);
                break;
#endif
#ifdef SYS_pselect6_time64
        case SYS_pselect6_time64:
                mark_select_fds_as_multiplexed(ptr, pid, proc);
                break;
#endif
        }
}

static void read_process(struct lsfd_control *ctl, struct path_cxt *pc,
                         pid_t pid, struct proc *leader)
{
        char buf[BUFSIZ];
        struct proc *proc;

        if (procfs_process_init_path(pc, pid) != 0)
                return;

        proc = new_proc(pid, leader);
        proc->command = procfs_process_get_cmdname(pc, buf, sizeof(buf)) > 0 ?
                        xstrdup(buf) : xstrdup(_("(unknown)"));
        procfs_process_get_uid(pc, &proc->uid);

        if (procfs_process_get_stat(pc, buf, sizeof(buf)) > 0) {
                char *p;
                unsigned int flags;
                char *pat = NULL;

                /* See proc(5) about the column in the line. */
                xstrappend(&pat, "%*d (");
                for (p = proc->command; *p != '\0'; p++) {
                        if (*p == '%')
                                xstrappend(&pat, "%%");
                        else
                                xstrputc(&pat, *p);
                }
                xstrappend(&pat, ") %*c %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %u %*[^\n]");
                if (sscanf(buf, pat, &flags) == 1)
                        proc->kthread = !!(flags & PF_KTHREAD);
                free(pat);
        }
        if (proc->kthread && !ctl->threads) {
                free_proc(proc);
                goto out;
        }

        collect_execve_file(pc, proc, ctl->sockets_only);

        if (proc->pid == proc->leader->pid
            || kcmp(proc->leader->pid, proc->pid, KCMP_FS, 0, 0) != 0)
                collect_fs_files(pc, proc, ctl->sockets_only);

        /* Reading /proc/$pid/mountinfo is expensive.
         * mnt_namespaces is a table for avoiding reading mountinfo files
         * for an identical mnt namespace.
         *
         * After reading a mountinfo file for a mnt namespace, we store $mnt_id
         * identifying the mnt namespace to mnt_namespaces.
         *
         * Before reading a mountinfo, we look up the mnt_namespaces with $mnt_id
         * as a key. If we find the key, we can skip the reading.
         *
         * To utilize mnt_namespaces, we need $mnt_id.
         * So we read /proc/$pid/ns/mnt here. However, we should not read
         * /proc/$pid/ns/net here. When reading /proc/$pid/ns/net, we need
         * the information about backing device of "nsfs" file system.
         * The information is available in a mountinfo file.
         */

        /* 1/3. Read /proc/$pid/ns/mnt */
        if (proc->mnt_ns == NULL)
                collect_namespace_files_tophalf(pc, proc);

        /* 2/3. read /proc/$pid/mountinfo unless we have read it already.
         * The backing device for "nsfs" is solved here.
         */
        if (proc->mnt_ns == NULL || !proc->mnt_ns->read_mountinfo) {
                FILE *mountinfo = ul_path_fopen(pc, "r", "mountinfo");
                if (mountinfo) {
                        int mntns_fd = -1;
                        if (proc->mnt_ns && (self_mntns_id != proc->mnt_ns->id))
                                mntns_fd = ul_path_open(pc, O_RDONLY, "ns/mnt");
                        read_mountinfo_in_mntns(mountinfo, proc->mnt_ns, mntns_fd);
                        if (mntns_fd >= 0)
                                close(mntns_fd);
                        if (proc->mnt_ns)
                                proc->mnt_ns->read_mountinfo = true;
                        fclose(mountinfo);
                }
        }

        /* 3/3. read /proc/$pid/ns/{the other namespaces including net}
         * When reading the information about the net namespace,
         * backing device for "nsfs" must be solved.
         */
        collect_namespace_files_bottomhalf(pc, proc);

        /* If kcmp is not available,
         * there is no way to know whether threads share resources.
         * In such cases, we must pay the costs: call collect_mem_files()
         * and collect_fd_files().
         */
        if ((!ctl->sockets_only)
            && (proc->pid == proc->leader->pid
                || kcmp(proc->leader->pid, proc->pid, KCMP_VM, 0, 0) != 0))
                collect_mem_files(pc, proc);

        if (proc->pid == proc->leader->pid
            || kcmp(proc->leader->pid, proc->pid, KCMP_FILES, 0, 0) != 0)
                collect_fd_files(pc, proc, ctl->sockets_only);

        list_add_tail(&proc->procs, &ctl->procs);
        if (tsearch(proc, &proc_tree, proc_tree_compare) == NULL)
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate memory"));

        if (ctl->show_xmode)
                parse_proc_syscall(ctl, pc, pid, proc);

        /* The tasks collecting overwrites @pc by /proc/<task-pid>/. Keep it as
         * the last path based operation in read_process()
         */
        if (ctl->threads && leader == NULL)
                walk_threads(ctl, pc, pid, proc, read_process);
        else if (ctl->show_xmode)
                walk_threads(ctl, pc, pid, proc, parse_proc_syscall);

 out:
        /* Let's be careful with number of open files */
        ul_path_close_dirfd(pc);
}

static void parse_pids(const char *str, pid_t **pids, int *count)
{
        long v;
        char *next = NULL;

        if (*str == '\0')
                return;

        errno = 0;
        v = strtol(str, &next, 10);
        if (errno)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("unexpected value for pid specification: %s"), str);
        if (next == str)
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("garbage at the end of pid specification: %s"), str);
        if (v < 0)
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("out of range value for pid specification: %ld"), v);

        (*count)++;
        *pids = xreallocarray(*pids, *count, sizeof(**pids));
        (*pids)[*count - 1] = (pid_t)v;

        while (next && *next != '\0'
               && (isspace((unsigned char)*next) || *next == ','))
                next++;
        if (*next != '\0')
                parse_pids(next, pids, count);
}

static int pidcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
{
        pid_t pa = *(pid_t *)a;
        pid_t pb = *(pid_t *)b;

        if (pa < pb)
                return -1;
        else if (pa == pb)
                return 0;
        else
                return 1;
}

static void sort_pids(pid_t pids[], const int count)
{
        qsort(pids, count, sizeof(pid_t), pidcmp);
}

static bool member_pids(const pid_t pid, const pid_t pids[], const int count)
{
        return bsearch(&pid, pids, count, sizeof(pid_t), pidcmp)? true: false;
}

static void collect_processes(struct lsfd_control *ctl, const pid_t pids[], int n_pids)
{
        DIR *dir;
        struct dirent *d;
        struct path_cxt *pc = NULL;

        pc = ul_new_path(NULL);
        if (!pc)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to alloc procfs handler"));

        dir = opendir(_PATH_PROC);
        if (!dir)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to open /proc"));

        while ((d = readdir(dir))) {
                pid_t pid;

                if (procfs_dirent_get_pid(d, &pid) != 0)
                        continue;
                if (n_pids == 0 || member_pids(pid, pids, n_pids))
                        read_process(ctl, pc, pid, 0);
        }

        closedir(dir);
        ul_unref_path(pc);
}

static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) list_colunms(const char *table_name,
                                                       FILE *out,
                                                       int raw,
                                                       int json)
{
        struct libscols_table *col_tb = xcolumn_list_table_new(table_name, out, raw, json);

        for (size_t i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(infos); i++)
                xcolumn_list_table_append_line(col_tb, infos[i].name,
                                               infos[i].json_type, "<boolean>",
                                               _(infos[i].help));

        scols_print_table(col_tb);
        scols_unref_table(col_tb);

        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

static void print_columns(FILE *out, const char *prefix, const int cols[], size_t n_cols)
{
        fprintf(out, "%15s: ", prefix);
        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_cols; i++) {
                if (i)
                        fputc(',', out);
                fputs(infos[cols[i]].name, out);
        }
        fputc('\n', out);
}

static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) usage(void)
{
        FILE *out = stdout;

        fputs(USAGE_HEADER, out);
        fprintf(out, _(" %s [options]\n"), program_invocation_short_name);

        fputs(USAGE_OPTIONS, out);
        fputs(_(" -l, --threads                list in threads level\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -J, --json                   use JSON output format\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -n, --noheadings             don't print headings\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -o, --output <list>          output columns (see --list-columns)\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -r, --raw                    use raw output format\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -u, --notruncate             don't truncate text in columns\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -p, --pid  <pid(s)>          collect information only specified processes\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -i[4|6], --inet[=4|=6]       list only IPv4 and/or IPv6 sockets\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -Q, --filter <expr>          apply display filter\n"), out);
        fputs(_("     --debug-filter           dump the internal data structure of filter and exit\n"), out);
        fputs(_(" -C, --counter <name>:<expr>  define custom counter for --summary output\n"), out);
        fputs(_("     --dump-counters          dump counter definitions\n"), out);
        fputs(_("     --summary[=<when>]       print summary information (only, append, or never)\n"), out);
        fputs(_("     --_drop-privilege        (testing purpose) do setuid(1) just after starting\n"), out);

        fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, out);
        fputs(_(" -H, --list-columns           list the available columns\n"), out);
        fprintf(out, USAGE_HELP_OPTIONS(30));

        fputs(USAGE_DEFAULT_COLUMNS, out);
        print_columns(out, _("Default"), default_columns, ARRAY_SIZE(default_columns));
        print_columns(out, _("With --threads"), default_threads_columns, ARRAY_SIZE(default_threads_columns));

        fprintf(out, USAGE_MAN_TAIL("lsfd(1)"));

        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

static void append_filter_expr(char **a, const char *b, bool and)
{
        if (*a == NULL) {
                *a = xstrdup(b);
                return;
        }

        char *tmp = *a;
        *a = NULL;

        xstrappend(a, "(");
        xstrappend(a, tmp);
        xstrappend(a, ")");
        if (and)
                xstrappend(a, "and(");
        else
                xstrappend(a, "or(");
        xstrappend(a, b);
        xstrappend(a, ")");

        free(tmp);
}

static struct libscols_filter *new_filter(const char *expr, bool debug, struct lsfd_control *ctl)
{
        struct libscols_filter *f;
        struct libscols_iter *itr;
        int nerrs = 0;
        const char *name = NULL;

        f = scols_new_filter(NULL);
        if (!f)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate filter"));
        if (expr && scols_filter_parse_string(f, expr) != 0)
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to parse \"%s\": %s"), expr,
                                scols_filter_get_errmsg(f));

        itr = scols_new_iter(SCOLS_ITER_FORWARD);
        if (!itr)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate iterator"));

        while (scols_filter_next_holder(f, itr, &name, 0) == 0) {
                struct libscols_column *col = scols_table_get_column_by_name(ctl->tb, name);

                if (!col) {
                        int id = column_name_to_id(name, strlen(name));
                        if (id >= 0)
                                col = add_column_by_id(ctl, id, SCOLS_FL_HIDDEN);
                        if (!col) {
                                nerrs++;        /* report all unknown columns */
                                continue;
                        }
                }
                scols_filter_assign_column(f, itr, name, col);
        }

        scols_free_iter(itr);

        if (debug)
                scols_dump_filter(f, stdout);
        if (nerrs)
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        if (debug)
                exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

        return f;
}

static struct counter_spec *new_counter_spec(const char *spec_str)
{
        char *sep;
        struct counter_spec *spec;

        if (spec_str[0] == '\0')
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
                     _("too short counter specification: -C/--counter %s"),
                     spec_str);
        if (spec_str[0] == ':')
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
                     _("no name for counter: -C/--counter %s"),
                     spec_str);

        sep = strchr(spec_str, ':');
        if (sep == NULL)
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
                     _("no name for counter: -C/--counter %s"),
                     spec_str);
        if (sep[1] == '\0')
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
                     _("empty counter expression given: -C/--counter %s"),
                     spec_str);

        /* Split the spec_str in to name and expr. */
        *sep = '\0';

        if (strchr(spec_str, '{'))
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
                     _("don't use `{' in the name of a counter: %s"),
                     spec_str);

        spec = xmalloc(sizeof(struct counter_spec));
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&spec->specs);
        spec->name = spec_str;
        spec->expr = sep + 1;

        return spec;
}

static void free_counter_spec(struct counter_spec *counter_spec)
{
        free(counter_spec);
}

static struct libscols_filter *new_counter(const struct counter_spec *spec, struct lsfd_control *ctl)
{
        struct libscols_filter *f;
        struct libscols_counter *ct;

        f = new_filter(spec->expr, false, ctl);

        ct = scols_filter_new_counter(f);
        if (!ct)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate counter"));

        scols_counter_set_name(ct, spec->name);
        scols_counter_set_func(ct, SCOLS_COUNTER_COUNT);

        return f;
}

static struct libscols_filter **new_counters(struct list_head *specs, struct lsfd_control *ctl)
{
        struct libscols_filter **ct_filters;
        size_t len = list_count_entries(specs);
        size_t i = 0;
        struct list_head *s;

        ct_filters = xcalloc(len + 1, sizeof(struct libscols_filter *));
        list_for_each(s, specs) {
                struct counter_spec *spec = list_entry(s, struct counter_spec, specs);
                ct_filters[i++] = new_counter(spec, ctl);
        }
        assert(ct_filters[len] == NULL);

        return ct_filters;
}

static struct libscols_filter **new_default_counters(struct lsfd_control *ctl)
{
        struct libscols_filter **ct_filters;
        size_t len = ARRAY_SIZE(default_counter_specs);
        size_t i;

        ct_filters = xcalloc(len + 1, sizeof(struct libscols_filter *));
        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                const struct counter_spec *spec = default_counter_specs + i;
                ct_filters[i] = new_counter(spec, ctl);
        }
        assert(ct_filters[len] == NULL);

        return ct_filters;
}

static void dump_default_counter_specs(void)
{
        size_t len = ARRAY_SIZE(default_counter_specs);
        size_t i;

        puts("default counter specs:");
        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                const struct counter_spec *spec = default_counter_specs + i;
                printf("\t%s:%s\n", spec->name, spec->expr);
        }
}

static void dump_counter_specs(struct list_head *specs)
{
        struct list_head *s;

        puts("custom counter specs:");
        list_for_each(s, specs) {
                struct counter_spec *spec = list_entry(s, struct counter_spec, specs);
                printf("\t%s:%s\n", spec->name, spec->expr);
        }
}

static struct libscols_table *new_summary_table(struct lsfd_control *ctl)
{
        struct libscols_table *tb = scols_new_table();

        struct libscols_column *name_cl, *value_cl;

        if (!tb)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate summary table"));

        scols_table_enable_noheadings(tb, ctl->noheadings);
        scols_table_enable_raw(tb, ctl->raw);
        scols_table_enable_json(tb, ctl->json);

        if(ctl->json)
                scols_table_set_name(tb, "lsfd-summary");


        value_cl = scols_table_new_column(tb, _("VALUE"), 0, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT);
        if (!value_cl)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate summary column"));
        if (ctl->json)
                scols_column_set_json_type(value_cl, SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER);

        name_cl = scols_table_new_column(tb, _("COUNTER"), 0, 0);
        if (!name_cl)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate summary column"));
        if (ctl->json)
                scols_column_set_json_type(name_cl, SCOLS_JSON_STRING);

        return tb;
}

static void emit_summary(struct lsfd_control *ctl)
{
        struct libscols_iter *itr;
        struct libscols_filter **ct_fltr;
        struct libscols_table *tb = new_summary_table(ctl);

        itr = scols_new_iter(SCOLS_ITER_FORWARD);

        for (ct_fltr = ctl->ct_filters; *ct_fltr; ct_fltr++) {
                struct libscols_counter *ct = NULL;

                scols_reset_iter(itr, SCOLS_ITER_FORWARD);
                while (scols_filter_next_counter(*ct_fltr, itr, &ct) == 0) {
                        char *str = NULL;
                        struct libscols_line *ln;

                        ln = scols_table_new_line(tb, NULL);
                        if (!ln)
                                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate summary line"));

                        xasprintf(&str, "%llu", scols_counter_get_result(ct));
                        if (scols_line_refer_data(ln, 0, str))
                                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to add summary data"));
                        if (scols_line_set_data(ln, 1, scols_counter_get_name(ct)))
                                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to add summary data"));
                }
        }

        scols_free_iter(itr);
        scols_print_table(tb);

        scols_unref_table(tb);
}

static void attach_xinfos(struct list_head *procs)
{
        struct list_head *p;

        list_for_each (p, procs) {
                struct proc *proc = list_entry(p, struct proc, procs);
                struct list_head *f;

                list_for_each (f, &proc->files) {
                        struct file *file = list_entry(f, struct file, files);
                        if (file->class->attach_xinfo)
                                file->class->attach_xinfo(file);
                }
        }
}

static void set_multiplexed_flags(struct list_head *procs)
{
        struct list_head *p;
        list_for_each (p, procs) {
                struct proc *proc = list_entry(p, struct proc, procs);
                struct list_head *f;
                list_for_each (f, &proc->files) {
                        struct file *file = list_entry(f, struct file, files);
                        if (is_opened_file(file) && !file->multiplexed) {
                                int fd = file->association;
                                if (is_multiplexed_by_eventpoll(fd, &proc->eventpolls))
                                        file->multiplexed = 1;
                        }
                }
        }
}

/* Filter expressions for implementing -i option.
 *
 * To list up the protocol names, use the following command line
 *
 *   cd linux/net;
 *   find . -type f -exec grep -A 1 --color=auto -nH --null -e 'struct proto .*{' \{\} +
 *
 */
#define INET_SUBEXP_BEGIN "(SOCK.PROTONAME =~ \"^("
#define INET4_REG         "TCP|UDP|RAW|PING|UDP-Lite|SCTP|DCCP|L2TP/IP|SMC"
#define INET6_REG         "TCPv6|UDPv6|RAWv6|PINGv6|UDPLITEv6|SCTPv6|DCCPv6|L2TP/IPv6|SMC6"
#define INET_SUBEXP_END   ")$\")"

static const char *inet4_subexpr = INET_SUBEXP_BEGIN
        INET4_REG
        INET_SUBEXP_END;
static const char *inet6_subexpr = INET_SUBEXP_BEGIN
        INET6_REG
        INET_SUBEXP_END;
static const char *inet46_subexpr = INET_SUBEXP_BEGIN
        INET4_REG "|" INET6_REG
        INET_SUBEXP_END;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        int c, collist = 0;
        size_t i;
        char *outarg = NULL;
        char  *filter_expr = NULL;
        bool debug_filter = false;
        bool dump_counters = false;
        pid_t *pids = NULL;
        int n_pids = 0;
        struct list_head counter_specs;

        struct lsfd_control ctl = {
                .show_main = 1
        };

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&counter_specs);

        enum {
                OPT_DEBUG_FILTER = CHAR_MAX + 1,
                OPT_SUMMARY,
                OPT_DUMP_COUNTERS,
                OPT_DROP_PRIVILEGE,
        };
        static const struct option longopts[] = {
                { "noheadings", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
                { "output",     required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
                { "version",    no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
                { "help",        no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
                { "json",       no_argument, NULL, 'J' },
                { "raw",        no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
                { "threads",    no_argument, NULL, 'l' },
                { "notruncate", no_argument, NULL, 'u' },
                { "pid",        required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
                { "inet",       optional_argument, NULL, 'i' },
                { "filter",     required_argument, NULL, 'Q' },
                { "debug-filter",no_argument, NULL, OPT_DEBUG_FILTER },
                { "summary",    optional_argument, NULL,  OPT_SUMMARY },
                { "counter",    required_argument, NULL, 'C' },
                { "dump-counters",no_argument, NULL, OPT_DUMP_COUNTERS },
                { "list-columns",no_argument, NULL, 'H' },
                { "_drop-privilege",no_argument,NULL,OPT_DROP_PRIVILEGE },
                { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 },
        };

        lsfd_init_debug();

        setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
        bindtextdomain(PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
        textdomain(PACKAGE);
        close_stdout_atexit();

        while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "no:JrVhluQ:p:i::C:sH", longopts, NULL)) != -1) {
                switch (c) {
                case 'n':
                        ctl.noheadings = 1;
                        break;
                case 'o':
                        outarg = optarg;
                        break;
                case 'J':
                        ctl.json = 1;
                        break;
                case 'r':
                        ctl.raw = 1;
                        break;
                case 'l':
                        ctl.threads = 1;
                        break;
                case 'u':
                        ctl.notrunc = 1;
                        break;
                case 'p':
                        parse_pids(optarg, &pids, &n_pids);
                        break;
                case 'i': {
                        const char *subexpr = NULL;

                        ctl.sockets_only = 1;
                        if (optarg == NULL)
                                subexpr = inet46_subexpr;
                        else if (strcmp(optarg, "4") == 0)
                                subexpr = inet4_subexpr;
                        else if (strcmp(optarg, "6") == 0)
                                subexpr = inet6_subexpr;
                        else
                                errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                     _("unknown -i/--inet argument: %s"),
                                     optarg);

                        append_filter_expr(&filter_expr, subexpr, true);
                        break;
                }
                case 'Q':
                        append_filter_expr(&filter_expr, optarg, true);
                        break;
                case 'C': {
                        struct counter_spec *c = new_counter_spec(optarg);
                        list_add_tail(&c->specs, &counter_specs);
                        break;
                }
                case OPT_DEBUG_FILTER:
                        debug_filter = true;
                        break;
                case OPT_SUMMARY:
                        if (optarg) {
                                if (strcmp(optarg, "never") == 0)
                                        ctl.show_summary = 0, ctl.show_main = 1;
                                else if (strcmp(optarg, "only") == 0)
                                        ctl.show_summary = 1, ctl.show_main = 0;
                                else if (strcmp(optarg, "append") == 0)
                                        ctl.show_summary = 1, ctl.show_main = 1;
                                else
                                        errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("unsupported --summary argument"));
                        } else
                                ctl.show_summary = 1, ctl.show_main = 0;
                        break;
                case OPT_DUMP_COUNTERS:
                        dump_counters = true;
                        break;
                case OPT_DROP_PRIVILEGE:
                        if (setuid(1) == -1)
                                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to drop privilege"));
                        break;
                case 'V':
                        print_version(EXIT_SUCCESS);
                case 'h':
                        usage();
                case 'H':
                        collist = 1;
                        break;
                default:
                        errtryhelp(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
        }

        if (collist)
                list_colunms("lsfd-columns", stdout, ctl.raw, ctl.json); /* print and exit */

        if (argv[optind])
                errtryhelp(EXIT_FAILURE);

#define INITIALIZE_COLUMNS(COLUMN_SPEC)                                \
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(COLUMN_SPEC); i++)        \
                columns[ncolumns++] = COLUMN_SPEC[i]
        if (!ncolumns) {
                if (ctl.threads)
                        INITIALIZE_COLUMNS(default_threads_columns);
                else
                        INITIALIZE_COLUMNS(default_columns);
        }

        if (outarg && string_add_to_idarray(outarg, columns, ARRAY_SIZE(columns),
                                            &ncolumns, column_name_to_id) < 0)
                return EXIT_FAILURE;

        scols_init_debug(0);

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctl.procs);

        /* inilialize scols table */
        ctl.tb = scols_new_table();
        if (!ctl.tb)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate output table"));

        scols_table_enable_noheadings(ctl.tb, ctl.noheadings);
        scols_table_enable_raw(ctl.tb, ctl.raw);
        scols_table_enable_json(ctl.tb, ctl.json);
        if (ctl.json)
                scols_table_set_name(ctl.tb, "lsfd");

        /* create output columns */
        for (i = 0; i < ncolumns; i++) {
                const struct colinfo *col = get_column_info(i);
                struct libscols_column *cl = add_column(ctl.tb, col, 0);

                if (!cl)
                        err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate output column"));

                if (ctl.notrunc) {
                        int flags = scols_column_get_flags(cl);
                        flags &= ~SCOLS_FL_TRUNC;
                        scols_column_set_flags(cl, flags);
                }
        }

        /* make filter */
        if (filter_expr) {
                ctl.filter = new_filter(filter_expr, debug_filter, &ctl);
                free(filter_expr);
        }

        if (dump_counters) {
                if (list_empty(&counter_specs))
                        dump_default_counter_specs();
                else
                        dump_counter_specs(&counter_specs);
                return 0;
        }

        /* make counters */
        if (ctl.show_summary) {
                if (list_empty(&counter_specs))
                        ctl.ct_filters = new_default_counters(&ctl);
                else {
                        ctl.ct_filters = new_counters(&counter_specs, &ctl);
                        list_free(&counter_specs, struct counter_spec, specs,
                                  free_counter_spec);
                }
        }

        if (n_pids > 0)
                sort_pids(pids, n_pids);

        if (scols_table_get_column_by_name(ctl.tb, "XMODE"))
                ctl.show_xmode = 1;

        /* Minimize the output related to lsfd itself. */
# ifdef HAVE_CLOSE_RANGE
        if (close_range(STDERR_FILENO + 1, ~0U, 0) < 0)
# endif
                ul_close_all_fds(STDERR_FILENO + 1, ~0U);

        /* collect data
         *
         * The call initialize_ipc_table() must come before
         * initialize_classes.
         */
        initialize_nodevs();
        initialize_ipc_table();
        initialize_classes();
        initialize_devdrvs();

        collect_processes(&ctl, pids, n_pids);
        free(pids);

        attach_xinfos(&ctl.procs);
        if (ctl.show_xmode)
                set_multiplexed_flags(&ctl.procs);


        convert(&ctl.procs, &ctl);

        /* print */
        if (ctl.show_main)
                emit(&ctl);

        if (ctl.show_summary && ctl.ct_filters)
                emit_summary(&ctl);

        /* cleanup */
        delete(&ctl.procs, &ctl);

        finalize_devdrvs();
        finalize_classes();
        finalize_ipc_table();
        finalize_nodevs();

        return 0;
}

util-linux / util-linux / 9853851939

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