5926974017

Committed 21 Aug 2023 01:32PM UTC coverage: 87.828% (+0.03%) from 87.797%

Build # 5926974017

Build Type

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github

Committed by

fckxorg

Commit Message

sysprof: improve parser's memory footprint

This patch reduces sysprof's parser memory footprint,
by avoiding reading all callchains before collapsing them.
Instead of it, parser merges stacks immediately after
reading them and stores counts in a Lua table.

The `collapse.lua` module is purged as a result of the
patch, but it is left as a stub to keep the integrational
testing intact. This stub should be removed in the next
series.

Resolves tarantool/tarantool#8700

Run Details

5339 of 6002 branches covered (88.95%)

Branch coverage included in aggregate %.

20493 of 23410 relevant lines covered (87.54%)

869698.81 hits per line

Source File
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72.22

/src/lj_crecord.c

/*
** Trace recorder for C data operations.
** Copyright (C) 2005-2017 Mike Pall. See Copyright Notice in luajit.h
*/

#define lj_ffrecord_c
#define LUA_CORE

#include "lj_obj.h"

#if LJ_HASJIT && LJ_HASFFI

#include "lj_err.h"
#include "lj_tab.h"
#include "lj_frame.h"
#include "lj_ctype.h"
#include "lj_cdata.h"
#include "lj_cparse.h"
#include "lj_cconv.h"
#include "lj_carith.h"
#include "lj_clib.h"
#include "lj_ccall.h"
#include "lj_ff.h"
#include "lj_ir.h"
#include "lj_jit.h"
#include "lj_ircall.h"
#include "lj_iropt.h"
#include "lj_trace.h"
#include "lj_record.h"
#include "lj_ffrecord.h"
#include "lj_snap.h"
#include "lj_crecord.h"
#include "lj_dispatch.h"
#include "lj_strfmt.h"

/* Some local macros to save typing. Undef'd at the end. */
#define IR(ref)                        (&J->cur.ir[(ref)])

/* Pass IR on to next optimization in chain (FOLD). */
#define emitir(ot, a, b)        (lj_ir_set(J, (ot), (a), (b)), lj_opt_fold(J))

#define emitconv(a, dt, st, flags) \
  emitir(IRT(IR_CONV, (dt)), (a), (st)|((dt) << 5)|(flags))

/* -- C type checks ------------------------------------------------------- */

static GCcdata *argv2cdata(jit_State *J, TRef tr, cTValue *o)
{
  GCcdata *cd;
  TRef trtypeid;
  if (!tref_iscdata(tr))
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
  cd = cdataV(o);
  /* Specialize to the CTypeID. */
  trtypeid = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, IRT_U16), tr, IRFL_CDATA_CTYPEID);
  emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_INT), trtypeid, lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)cd->ctypeid));
  return cd;
}

/* Specialize to the CTypeID held by a cdata constructor. */
static CTypeID crec_constructor(jit_State *J, GCcdata *cd, TRef tr)
{
  CTypeID id;
  lua_assert(tref_iscdata(tr) && cd->ctypeid == CTID_CTYPEID);
  id = *(CTypeID *)cdataptr(cd);
  tr = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, IRT_INT), tr, IRFL_CDATA_INT);
  emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_INT), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)id));
  return id;
}

static CTypeID argv2ctype(jit_State *J, TRef tr, cTValue *o)
{
  if (tref_isstr(tr)) {
    GCstr *s = strV(o);
    CPState cp;
    CTypeID oldtop;
    /* Specialize to the string containing the C type declaration. */
    emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_STR), tr, lj_ir_kstr(J, s));
    cp.L = J->L;
    cp.cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
    oldtop = cp.cts->top;
    cp.srcname = strdata(s);
    cp.p = strdata(s);
    cp.param = NULL;
    cp.mode = CPARSE_MODE_ABSTRACT|CPARSE_MODE_NOIMPLICIT;
    if (lj_cparse(&cp) || cp.cts->top > oldtop)  /* Avoid new struct defs. */
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
    return cp.val.id;
  } else {
    GCcdata *cd = argv2cdata(J, tr, o);
    return cd->ctypeid == CTID_CTYPEID ? crec_constructor(J, cd, tr) :
                                        cd->ctypeid;
  }
}

/* Convert CType to IRType (if possible). */
static IRType crec_ct2irt(CTState *cts, CType *ct)
{
  if (ctype_isenum(ct->info)) ct = ctype_child(cts, ct);
  if (LJ_LIKELY(ctype_isnum(ct->info))) {
    if ((ct->info & CTF_FP)) {
      if (ct->size == sizeof(double))
        return IRT_NUM;
      else if (ct->size == sizeof(float))
        return IRT_FLOAT;
    } else {
      uint32_t b = lj_fls(ct->size);
      if (b <= 3)
        return IRT_I8 + 2*b + ((ct->info & CTF_UNSIGNED) ? 1 : 0);
    }
  } else if (ctype_isptr(ct->info)) {
    return (LJ_64 && ct->size == 8) ? IRT_P64 : IRT_P32;
  } else if (ctype_iscomplex(ct->info)) {
    if (ct->size == 2*sizeof(double))
      return IRT_NUM;
    else if (ct->size == 2*sizeof(float))
      return IRT_FLOAT;
  }
  return IRT_CDATA;
}

/* -- Optimized memory fill and copy -------------------------------------- */

/* Maximum length and unroll of inlined copy/fill. */
#define CREC_COPY_MAXUNROLL                16
#define CREC_COPY_MAXLEN                128

#define CREC_FILL_MAXUNROLL                16

/* Number of windowed registers used for optimized memory copy. */
#if LJ_TARGET_X86
#define CREC_COPY_REGWIN                2
#elif LJ_TARGET_PPC || LJ_TARGET_MIPS
#define CREC_COPY_REGWIN                8
#else
#define CREC_COPY_REGWIN                4
#endif

/* List of memory offsets for copy/fill. */
typedef struct CRecMemList {
  CTSize ofs;                /* Offset in bytes. */
  IRType tp;                /* Type of load/store. */
  TRef trofs;                /* TRef of interned offset. */
  TRef trval;                /* TRef of load value. */
} CRecMemList;

/* Generate copy list for element-wise struct copy. */
static MSize crec_copy_struct(CRecMemList *ml, CTState *cts, CType *ct)
{
  CTypeID fid = ct->sib;
  MSize mlp = 0;
  while (fid) {
    CType *df = ctype_get(cts, fid);
    fid = df->sib;
    if (ctype_isfield(df->info)) {
      CType *cct;
      IRType tp;
      if (!gcref(df->name)) continue;  /* Ignore unnamed fields. */
      cct = ctype_rawchild(cts, df);  /* Field type. */
      tp = crec_ct2irt(cts, cct);
      if (tp == IRT_CDATA) return 0;  /* NYI: aggregates. */
      if (mlp >= CREC_COPY_MAXUNROLL) return 0;
      ml[mlp].ofs = df->size;
      ml[mlp].tp = tp;
      mlp++;
      if (ctype_iscomplex(cct->info)) {
        if (mlp >= CREC_COPY_MAXUNROLL) return 0;
        ml[mlp].ofs = df->size + (cct->size >> 1);
        ml[mlp].tp = tp;
        mlp++;
      }
    } else if (!ctype_isconstval(df->info)) {
      /* NYI: bitfields and sub-structures. */
      return 0;
    }
  }
  return mlp;
}

/* Generate unrolled copy list, from highest to lowest step size/alignment. */
static MSize crec_copy_unroll(CRecMemList *ml, CTSize len, CTSize step,
                              IRType tp)
{
  CTSize ofs = 0;
  MSize mlp = 0;
  if (tp == IRT_CDATA) tp = IRT_U8 + 2*lj_fls(step);
  do {
    while (ofs + step <= len) {
      if (mlp >= CREC_COPY_MAXUNROLL) return 0;
      ml[mlp].ofs = ofs;
      ml[mlp].tp = tp;
      mlp++;
      ofs += step;
    }
    step >>= 1;
    tp -= 2;
  } while (ofs < len);
  return mlp;
}

/*
** Emit copy list with windowed loads/stores.
** LJ_TARGET_UNALIGNED: may emit unaligned loads/stores (not marked as such).
*/
static void crec_copy_emit(jit_State *J, CRecMemList *ml, MSize mlp,
                           TRef trdst, TRef trsrc)
{
  MSize i, j, rwin = 0;
  for (i = 0, j = 0; i < mlp; ) {
    TRef trofs = lj_ir_kintp(J, ml[i].ofs);
    TRef trsptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), trsrc, trofs);
    ml[i].trval = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, ml[i].tp), trsptr, 0);
    ml[i].trofs = trofs;
    i++;
    rwin += (LJ_SOFTFP && ml[i].tp == IRT_NUM) ? 2 : 1;
    if (rwin >= CREC_COPY_REGWIN || i >= mlp) {  /* Flush buffered stores. */
      rwin = 0;
      for ( ; j < i; j++) {
        TRef trdptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), trdst, ml[j].trofs);
        emitir(IRT(IR_XSTORE, ml[j].tp), trdptr, ml[j].trval);
      }
    }
  }
}

/* Optimized memory copy. */
static void crec_copy(jit_State *J, TRef trdst, TRef trsrc, TRef trlen,
                      CType *ct)
{
  if (tref_isk(trlen)) {  /* Length must be constant. */
    CRecMemList ml[CREC_COPY_MAXUNROLL];
    MSize mlp = 0;
    CTSize step = 1, len = (CTSize)IR(tref_ref(trlen))->i;
    IRType tp = IRT_CDATA;
    int needxbar = 0;
    if (len == 0) return;  /* Shortcut. */
    if (len > CREC_COPY_MAXLEN) goto fallback;
    if (ct) {
      CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
      lua_assert(ctype_isarray(ct->info) || ctype_isstruct(ct->info));
      if (ctype_isarray(ct->info)) {
        CType *cct = ctype_rawchild(cts, ct);
        tp = crec_ct2irt(cts, cct);
        if (tp == IRT_CDATA) goto rawcopy;
        step = lj_ir_type_size[tp];
        lua_assert((len & (step-1)) == 0);
      } else if ((ct->info & CTF_UNION)) {
        step = (1u << ctype_align(ct->info));
        goto rawcopy;
      } else {
        mlp = crec_copy_struct(ml, cts, ct);
        goto emitcopy;
      }
    } else {
    rawcopy:
      needxbar = 1;
      if (LJ_TARGET_UNALIGNED || step >= CTSIZE_PTR)
        step = CTSIZE_PTR;
    }
    mlp = crec_copy_unroll(ml, len, step, tp);
  emitcopy:
    if (mlp) {
      crec_copy_emit(J, ml, mlp, trdst, trsrc);
      if (needxbar)
        emitir(IRT(IR_XBAR, IRT_NIL), 0, 0);
      return;
    }
  }
fallback:
  /* Call memcpy. Always needs a barrier to disable alias analysis. */
  lj_ir_call(J, IRCALL_memcpy, trdst, trsrc, trlen);
  emitir(IRT(IR_XBAR, IRT_NIL), 0, 0);
}

/* Generate unrolled fill list, from highest to lowest step size/alignment. */
static MSize crec_fill_unroll(CRecMemList *ml, CTSize len, CTSize step)
{
  CTSize ofs = 0;
  MSize mlp = 0;
  IRType tp = IRT_U8 + 2*lj_fls(step);
  do {
    while (ofs + step <= len) {
      if (mlp >= CREC_COPY_MAXUNROLL) return 0;
      ml[mlp].ofs = ofs;
      ml[mlp].tp = tp;
      mlp++;
      ofs += step;
    }
    step >>= 1;
    tp -= 2;
  } while (ofs < len);
  return mlp;
}

/*
** Emit stores for fill list.
** LJ_TARGET_UNALIGNED: may emit unaligned stores (not marked as such).
*/
static void crec_fill_emit(jit_State *J, CRecMemList *ml, MSize mlp,
                           TRef trdst, TRef trfill)
{
  MSize i;
  for (i = 0; i < mlp; i++) {
    TRef trofs = lj_ir_kintp(J, ml[i].ofs);
    TRef trdptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), trdst, trofs);
    emitir(IRT(IR_XSTORE, ml[i].tp), trdptr, trfill);
  }
}

/* Optimized memory fill. */
static void crec_fill(jit_State *J, TRef trdst, TRef trlen, TRef trfill,
                      CTSize step)
{
  if (tref_isk(trlen)) {  /* Length must be constant. */
    CRecMemList ml[CREC_FILL_MAXUNROLL];
    MSize mlp;
    CTSize len = (CTSize)IR(tref_ref(trlen))->i;
    if (len == 0) return;  /* Shortcut. */
    if (LJ_TARGET_UNALIGNED || step >= CTSIZE_PTR)
      step = CTSIZE_PTR;
    if (step * CREC_FILL_MAXUNROLL < len) goto fallback;
    mlp = crec_fill_unroll(ml, len, step);
    if (!mlp) goto fallback;
    if (tref_isk(trfill) || ml[0].tp != IRT_U8)
      trfill = emitconv(trfill, IRT_INT, IRT_U8, 0);
    if (ml[0].tp != IRT_U8) {  /* Scatter U8 to U16/U32/U64. */
      if (CTSIZE_PTR == 8 && ml[0].tp == IRT_U64) {
        if (tref_isk(trfill))  /* Pointless on x64 with zero-extended regs. */
          trfill = emitconv(trfill, IRT_U64, IRT_U32, 0);
        trfill = emitir(IRT(IR_MUL, IRT_U64), trfill,
                        lj_ir_kint64(J, U64x(01010101,01010101)));
      } else {
        trfill = emitir(IRTI(IR_MUL), trfill,
                   lj_ir_kint(J, ml[0].tp == IRT_U16 ? 0x0101 : 0x01010101));
      }
    }
    crec_fill_emit(J, ml, mlp, trdst, trfill);
  } else {
fallback:
    /* Call memset. Always needs a barrier to disable alias analysis. */
    lj_ir_call(J, IRCALL_memset, trdst, trfill, trlen);  /* Note: arg order! */
  }
  emitir(IRT(IR_XBAR, IRT_NIL), 0, 0);
}

/* -- Convert C type to C type -------------------------------------------- */

/*
** This code mirrors the code in lj_cconv.c. It performs the same steps
** for the trace recorder that lj_cconv.c does for the interpreter.
**
** One major difference is that we can get away with much fewer checks
** here. E.g. checks for casts, constness or correct types can often be
** omitted, even if they might fail. The interpreter subsequently throws
** an error, which aborts the trace.
**
** All operations are specialized to their C types, so the on-trace
** outcome must be the same as the outcome in the interpreter. If the
** interpreter doesn't throw an error, then the trace is correct, too.
** Care must be taken not to generate invalid (temporary) IR or to
** trigger asserts.
*/

/* Determine whether a passed number or cdata number is non-zero. */
static int crec_isnonzero(CType *s, void *p)
{
  if (p == (void *)0)
    return 0;
  if (p == (void *)1)
    return 1;
  if ((s->info & CTF_FP)) {
    if (s->size == sizeof(float))
      return (*(float *)p != 0);
    else
      return (*(double *)p != 0);
  } else {
    if (s->size == 1)
      return (*(uint8_t *)p != 0);
    else if (s->size == 2)
      return (*(uint16_t *)p != 0);
    else if (s->size == 4)
      return (*(uint32_t *)p != 0);
    else
      return (*(uint64_t *)p != 0);
  }
}

static TRef crec_ct_ct(jit_State *J, CType *d, CType *s, TRef dp, TRef sp,
                       void *svisnz)
{
  IRType dt = crec_ct2irt(ctype_ctsG(J2G(J)), d);
  IRType st = crec_ct2irt(ctype_ctsG(J2G(J)), s);
  CTSize dsize = d->size, ssize = s->size;
  CTInfo dinfo = d->info, sinfo = s->info;

  if (ctype_type(dinfo) > CT_MAYCONVERT || ctype_type(sinfo) > CT_MAYCONVERT)
    goto err_conv;

  /*
  ** Note: Unlike lj_cconv_ct_ct(), sp holds the _value_ of pointers and
  ** numbers up to 8 bytes. Otherwise sp holds a pointer.
  */

  switch (cconv_idx2(dinfo, sinfo)) {
  /* Destination is a bool. */
  case CCX(B, B):
    goto xstore;  /* Source operand is already normalized. */
  case CCX(B, I):
  case CCX(B, F):
    if (st != IRT_CDATA) {
      /* Specialize to the result of a comparison against 0. */
      TRef zero = (st == IRT_NUM  || st == IRT_FLOAT) ? lj_ir_knum(J, 0) :
                  (st == IRT_I64 || st == IRT_U64) ? lj_ir_kint64(J, 0) :
                  lj_ir_kint(J, 0);
      int isnz = crec_isnonzero(s, svisnz);
      emitir(IRTG(isnz ? IR_NE : IR_EQ, st), sp, zero);
      sp = lj_ir_kint(J, isnz);
      goto xstore;
    }
    goto err_nyi;

  /* Destination is an integer. */
  case CCX(I, B):
  case CCX(I, I):
  conv_I_I:
    if (dt == IRT_CDATA || st == IRT_CDATA) goto err_nyi;
    /* Extend 32 to 64 bit integer. */
    if (dsize == 8 && ssize < 8 && !(LJ_64 && (sinfo & CTF_UNSIGNED)))
      sp = emitconv(sp, dt, ssize < 4 ? IRT_INT : st,
                    (sinfo & CTF_UNSIGNED) ? 0 : IRCONV_SEXT);
    else if (dsize < 8 && ssize == 8)  /* Truncate from 64 bit integer. */
      sp = emitconv(sp, dsize < 4 ? IRT_INT : dt, st, 0);
    else if (st == IRT_INT)
      sp = lj_opt_narrow_toint(J, sp);
  xstore:
    if (dt == IRT_I64 || dt == IRT_U64) lj_needsplit(J);
    if (dp == 0) return sp;
    emitir(IRT(IR_XSTORE, dt), dp, sp);
    break;
  case CCX(I, C):
    sp = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, st), sp, 0);  /* Load re. */
    /* fallthrough */
  case CCX(I, F):
    if (dt == IRT_CDATA || st == IRT_CDATA) goto err_nyi;
    sp = emitconv(sp, dsize < 4 ? IRT_INT : dt, st, IRCONV_ANY);
    goto xstore;
  case CCX(I, P):
  case CCX(I, A):
    sinfo = CTINFO(CT_NUM, CTF_UNSIGNED);
    ssize = CTSIZE_PTR;
    st = IRT_UINTP;
    if (((dsize ^ ssize) & 8) == 0) {  /* Must insert no-op type conversion. */
      sp = emitconv(sp, dsize < 4 ? IRT_INT : dt, IRT_PTR, 0);
      goto xstore;
    }
    goto conv_I_I;

  /* Destination is a floating-point number. */
  case CCX(F, B):
  case CCX(F, I):
  conv_F_I:
    if (dt == IRT_CDATA || st == IRT_CDATA) goto err_nyi;
    sp = emitconv(sp, dt, ssize < 4 ? IRT_INT : st, 0);
    goto xstore;
  case CCX(F, C):
    sp = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, st), sp, 0);  /* Load re. */
    /* fallthrough */
  case CCX(F, F):
  conv_F_F:
    if (dt == IRT_CDATA || st == IRT_CDATA) goto err_nyi;
    if (dt != st) sp = emitconv(sp, dt, st, 0);
    goto xstore;

  /* Destination is a complex number. */
  case CCX(C, I):
  case CCX(C, F):
    {  /* Clear im. */
      TRef ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), dp, lj_ir_kintp(J, (dsize >> 1)));
      emitir(IRT(IR_XSTORE, dt), ptr, lj_ir_knum(J, 0));
    }
    /* Convert to re. */
    if ((sinfo & CTF_FP)) goto conv_F_F; else goto conv_F_I;

  case CCX(C, C):
    if (dt == IRT_CDATA || st == IRT_CDATA) goto err_nyi;
    {
      TRef re, im, ptr;
      re = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, st), sp, 0);
      ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), sp, lj_ir_kintp(J, (ssize >> 1)));
      im = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, st), ptr, 0);
      if (dt != st) {
        re = emitconv(re, dt, st, 0);
        im = emitconv(im, dt, st, 0);
      }
      emitir(IRT(IR_XSTORE, dt), dp, re);
      ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), dp, lj_ir_kintp(J, (dsize >> 1)));
      emitir(IRT(IR_XSTORE, dt), ptr, im);
    }
    break;

  /* Destination is a vector. */
  case CCX(V, I):
  case CCX(V, F):
  case CCX(V, C):
  case CCX(V, V):
    goto err_nyi;

  /* Destination is a pointer. */
  case CCX(P, P):
  case CCX(P, A):
  case CCX(P, S):
    /* There are only 32 bit pointers/addresses on 32 bit machines.
    ** Also ok on x64, since all 32 bit ops clear the upper part of the reg.
    */
    goto xstore;
  case CCX(P, I):
    if (st == IRT_CDATA) goto err_nyi;
    if (!LJ_64 && ssize == 8)  /* Truncate from 64 bit integer. */
      sp = emitconv(sp, IRT_U32, st, 0);
    goto xstore;
  case CCX(P, F):
    if (st == IRT_CDATA) goto err_nyi;
    /* The signed conversion is cheaper. x64 really has 47 bit pointers. */
    sp = emitconv(sp, (LJ_64 && dsize == 8) ? IRT_I64 : IRT_U32,
                  st, IRCONV_ANY);
    goto xstore;

  /* Destination is an array. */
  case CCX(A, A):
  /* Destination is a struct/union. */
  case CCX(S, S):
    if (dp == 0) goto err_conv;
    crec_copy(J, dp, sp, lj_ir_kint(J, dsize), d);
    break;

  default:
  err_conv:
  err_nyi:
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICONV);
    break;
  }
  return 0;
}

/* -- Convert C type to TValue (load) ------------------------------------- */

static TRef crec_tv_ct(jit_State *J, CType *s, CTypeID sid, TRef sp)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  IRType t = crec_ct2irt(cts, s);
  CTInfo sinfo = s->info;
  if (ctype_isnum(sinfo)) {
    TRef tr;
    if (t == IRT_CDATA)
      goto err_nyi;  /* NYI: copyval of >64 bit integers. */
    tr = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, t), sp, 0);
    if (t == IRT_FLOAT || t == IRT_U32) {  /* Keep uint32_t/float as numbers. */
      return emitconv(tr, IRT_NUM, t, 0);
    } else if (t == IRT_I64 || t == IRT_U64) {  /* Box 64 bit integer. */
      sp = tr;
      lj_needsplit(J);
    } else if ((sinfo & CTF_BOOL)) {
      /* Assume not equal to zero. Fixup and emit pending guard later. */
      lj_ir_set(J, IRTGI(IR_NE), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, 0));
      J->postproc = LJ_POST_FIXGUARD;
      return TREF_TRUE;
    } else {
      return tr;
    }
  } else if (ctype_isptr(sinfo) || ctype_isenum(sinfo)) {
    sp = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, t), sp, 0);  /* Box pointers and enums. */
  } else if (ctype_isrefarray(sinfo) || ctype_isstruct(sinfo)) {
    cts->L = J->L;
    sid = lj_ctype_intern(cts, CTINFO_REF(sid), CTSIZE_PTR);  /* Create ref. */
  } else if (ctype_iscomplex(sinfo)) {  /* Unbox/box complex. */
    ptrdiff_t esz = (ptrdiff_t)(s->size >> 1);
    TRef ptr, tr1, tr2, dp;
    dp = emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEW, IRT_CDATA), lj_ir_kint(J, sid), TREF_NIL);
    tr1 = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, t), sp, 0);
    ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), sp, lj_ir_kintp(J, esz));
    tr2 = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, t), ptr, 0);
    ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), dp, lj_ir_kintp(J, sizeof(GCcdata)));
    emitir(IRT(IR_XSTORE, t), ptr, tr1);
    ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), dp, lj_ir_kintp(J, sizeof(GCcdata)+esz));
    emitir(IRT(IR_XSTORE, t), ptr, tr2);
    return dp;
  } else {
    /* NYI: copyval of vectors. */
  err_nyi:
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICONV);
  }
  /* Box pointer, ref, enum or 64 bit integer. */
  return emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEWI, IRT_CDATA), lj_ir_kint(J, sid), sp);
}

/* -- Convert TValue to C type (store) ------------------------------------ */

static TRef crec_ct_tv(jit_State *J, CType *d, TRef dp, TRef sp, cTValue *sval)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  CTypeID sid = CTID_P_VOID;
  void *svisnz = 0;
  CType *s;
  if (LJ_LIKELY(tref_isinteger(sp))) {
    sid = CTID_INT32;
    svisnz = (void *)(intptr_t)(tvisint(sval)?(intV(sval)!=0):!tviszero(sval));
  } else if (tref_isnum(sp)) {
    sid = CTID_DOUBLE;
    svisnz = (void *)(intptr_t)(tvisint(sval)?(intV(sval)!=0):!tviszero(sval));
  } else if (tref_isbool(sp)) {
    sp = lj_ir_kint(J, tref_istrue(sp) ? 1 : 0);
    sid = CTID_BOOL;
  } else if (tref_isnil(sp)) {
    sp = lj_ir_kptr(J, NULL);
  } else if (tref_isudata(sp)) {
    GCudata *ud = udataV(sval);
    if (ud->udtype == UDTYPE_IO_FILE) {
      TRef tr = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, IRT_U8), sp, IRFL_UDATA_UDTYPE);
      emitir(IRTGI(IR_EQ), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, UDTYPE_IO_FILE));
      sp = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, IRT_PTR), sp, IRFL_UDATA_FILE);
    } else {
      sp = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), sp, lj_ir_kintp(J, sizeof(GCudata)));
    }
  } else if (tref_isstr(sp)) {
    if (ctype_isenum(d->info)) {  /* Match string against enum constant. */
      GCstr *str = strV(sval);
      CTSize ofs;
      CType *cct = lj_ctype_getfield(cts, d, str, &ofs);
      /* Specialize to the name of the enum constant. */
      emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_STR), sp, lj_ir_kstr(J, str));
      if (cct && ctype_isconstval(cct->info)) {
        lua_assert(ctype_child(cts, cct)->size == 4);
        svisnz = (void *)(intptr_t)(ofs != 0);
        sp = lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)ofs);
        sid = ctype_cid(cct->info);
      }  /* else: interpreter will throw. */
    } else if (ctype_isrefarray(d->info)) {  /* Copy string to array. */
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);  /* NYI */
    } else {  /* Otherwise pass the string data as a const char[]. */
      /* Don't use STRREF. It folds with SNEW, which loses the trailing NUL. */
      sp = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), sp, lj_ir_kintp(J, sizeof(GCstr)));
      sid = CTID_A_CCHAR;
    }
  } else if (tref_islightud(sp)) {
#if LJ_64
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICONV);
#endif
  } else {  /* NYI: tref_istab(sp). */
    IRType t;
    sid = argv2cdata(J, sp, sval)->ctypeid;
    s = ctype_raw(cts, sid);
    svisnz = cdataptr(cdataV(sval));
    if (ctype_isfunc(s->info)) {
      sid = lj_ctype_intern(cts, CTINFO(CT_PTR, CTALIGN_PTR|sid), CTSIZE_PTR);
      s = ctype_get(cts, sid);
      t = IRT_PTR;
    } else {
      t = crec_ct2irt(cts, s);
    }
    if (ctype_isptr(s->info)) {
      sp = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, t), sp, IRFL_CDATA_PTR);
      if (ctype_isref(s->info)) {
        svisnz = *(void **)svisnz;
        s = ctype_rawchild(cts, s);
        if (ctype_isenum(s->info)) s = ctype_child(cts, s);
        t = crec_ct2irt(cts, s);
      } else {
        goto doconv;
      }
    } else if (t == IRT_I64 || t == IRT_U64) {
      sp = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, t), sp, IRFL_CDATA_INT64);
      lj_needsplit(J);
      goto doconv;
    } else if (t == IRT_INT || t == IRT_U32) {
      if (ctype_isenum(s->info)) s = ctype_child(cts, s);
      sp = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, t), sp, IRFL_CDATA_INT);
      goto doconv;
    } else {
      sp = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), sp, lj_ir_kintp(J, sizeof(GCcdata)));
    }
    if (ctype_isnum(s->info) && t != IRT_CDATA)
      sp = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, t), sp, 0);  /* Load number value. */
    goto doconv;
  }
  s = ctype_get(cts, sid);
doconv:
  if (ctype_isenum(d->info)) d = ctype_child(cts, d);
  return crec_ct_ct(J, d, s, dp, sp, svisnz);
}

/* -- C data metamethods -------------------------------------------------- */

/* This would be rather difficult in FOLD, so do it here:
** (base+k)+(idx*sz)+ofs ==> (base+idx*sz)+(ofs+k)
** (base+(idx+k)*sz)+ofs ==> (base+idx*sz)+(ofs+k*sz)
*/
static TRef crec_reassoc_ofs(jit_State *J, TRef tr, ptrdiff_t *ofsp, MSize sz)
{
  IRIns *ir = IR(tref_ref(tr));
  if (LJ_LIKELY(J->flags & JIT_F_OPT_FOLD) && irref_isk(ir->op2) &&
      (ir->o == IR_ADD || ir->o == IR_ADDOV || ir->o == IR_SUBOV)) {
    IRIns *irk = IR(ir->op2);
    ptrdiff_t k;
    if (LJ_64 && irk->o == IR_KINT64)
      k = (ptrdiff_t)ir_kint64(irk)->u64 * sz;
    else
      k = (ptrdiff_t)irk->i * sz;
    if (ir->o == IR_SUBOV) *ofsp -= k; else *ofsp += k;
    tr = ir->op1;  /* Not a TRef, but the caller doesn't care. */
  }
  return tr;
}

/* Tailcall to function. */
static void crec_tailcall(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd, cTValue *tv)
{
  TRef kfunc = lj_ir_kfunc(J, funcV(tv));
#if LJ_FR2
  J->base[-2] = kfunc;
  J->base[-1] = TREF_FRAME;
#else
  J->base[-1] = kfunc | TREF_FRAME;
#endif
  rd->nres = -1;  /* Pending tailcall. */
}

/* Record ctype __index/__newindex metamethods. */
static void crec_index_meta(jit_State *J, CTState *cts, CType *ct,
                            RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTypeID id = ctype_typeid(cts, ct);
  cTValue *tv = lj_ctype_meta(cts, id, rd->data ? MM_newindex : MM_index);
  if (!tv)
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
  if (tvisfunc(tv)) {
    crec_tailcall(J, rd, tv);
  } else if (rd->data == 0 && tvistab(tv) && tref_isstr(J->base[1])) {
    /* Specialize to result of __index lookup. */
    cTValue *o = lj_tab_get(J->L, tabV(tv), &rd->argv[1]);
    J->base[0] = lj_record_constify(J, o);
    if (!J->base[0])
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
    /* Always specialize to the key. */
    emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_STR), J->base[1], lj_ir_kstr(J, strV(&rd->argv[1])));
  } else {
    /* NYI: resolving of non-function metamethods. */
    /* NYI: non-string keys for __index table. */
    /* NYI: stores to __newindex table. */
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
  }
}

/* Record bitfield load/store. */
static void crec_index_bf(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd, TRef ptr, CTInfo info)
{
  IRType t = IRT_I8 + 2*lj_fls(ctype_bitcsz(info)) + ((info&CTF_UNSIGNED)?1:0);
  TRef tr = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, t), ptr, 0);
  CTSize pos = ctype_bitpos(info), bsz = ctype_bitbsz(info), shift = 32 - bsz;
  lua_assert(t <= IRT_U32);  /* NYI: 64 bit bitfields. */
  if (rd->data == 0) {  /* __index metamethod. */
    if ((info & CTF_BOOL)) {
      tr = emitir(IRTI(IR_BAND), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)((1u << pos))));
      /* Assume not equal to zero. Fixup and emit pending guard later. */
      lj_ir_set(J, IRTGI(IR_NE), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, 0));
      J->postproc = LJ_POST_FIXGUARD;
      tr = TREF_TRUE;
    } else if (!(info & CTF_UNSIGNED)) {
      tr = emitir(IRTI(IR_BSHL), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, shift - pos));
      tr = emitir(IRTI(IR_BSAR), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, shift));
    } else {
      lua_assert(bsz < 32);  /* Full-size fields cannot end up here. */
      tr = emitir(IRTI(IR_BSHR), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, pos));
      tr = emitir(IRTI(IR_BAND), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)((1u << bsz)-1)));
      /* We can omit the U32 to NUM conversion, since bsz < 32. */
    }
    J->base[0] = tr;
  } else {  /* __newindex metamethod. */
    CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
    CType *ct = ctype_get(cts,
                          (info & CTF_BOOL) ? CTID_BOOL :
                          (info & CTF_UNSIGNED) ? CTID_UINT32 : CTID_INT32);
    int32_t mask = (int32_t)(((1u << bsz)-1) << pos);
    TRef sp = crec_ct_tv(J, ct, 0, J->base[2], &rd->argv[2]);
    sp = emitir(IRTI(IR_BSHL), sp, lj_ir_kint(J, pos));
    /* Use of the target type avoids forwarding conversions. */
    sp = emitir(IRT(IR_BAND, t), sp, lj_ir_kint(J, mask));
    tr = emitir(IRT(IR_BAND, t), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)~mask));
    tr = emitir(IRT(IR_BOR, t), tr, sp);
    emitir(IRT(IR_XSTORE, t), ptr, tr);
    rd->nres = 0;
    J->needsnap = 1;
  }
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_cdata_index(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  TRef idx, ptr = J->base[0];
  ptrdiff_t ofs = sizeof(GCcdata);
  GCcdata *cd = argv2cdata(J, ptr, &rd->argv[0]);
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  CType *ct = ctype_raw(cts, cd->ctypeid);
  CTypeID sid = 0;

  /* Resolve pointer or reference for cdata object. */
  if (ctype_isptr(ct->info)) {
    IRType t = (LJ_64 && ct->size == 8) ? IRT_P64 : IRT_P32;
    if (ctype_isref(ct->info)) ct = ctype_rawchild(cts, ct);
    ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, t), ptr, IRFL_CDATA_PTR);
    ofs = 0;
    ptr = crec_reassoc_ofs(J, ptr, &ofs, 1);
  }

again:
  idx = J->base[1];
  if (tref_isnumber(idx)) {
    idx = lj_opt_narrow_cindex(J, idx);
    if (ctype_ispointer(ct->info)) {
      CTSize sz;
  integer_key:
      if ((ct->info & CTF_COMPLEX))
        idx = emitir(IRT(IR_BAND, IRT_INTP), idx, lj_ir_kintp(J, 1));
      sz = lj_ctype_size(cts, (sid = ctype_cid(ct->info)));
      idx = crec_reassoc_ofs(J, idx, &ofs, sz);
#if LJ_TARGET_ARM || LJ_TARGET_PPC
      /* Hoist base add to allow fusion of index/shift into operands. */
      if (LJ_LIKELY(J->flags & JIT_F_OPT_LOOP) && ofs
#if LJ_TARGET_ARM
          && (sz == 1 || sz == 4)
#endif
          ) {
        ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), ptr, lj_ir_kintp(J, ofs));
        ofs = 0;
      }
#endif
      idx = emitir(IRT(IR_MUL, IRT_INTP), idx, lj_ir_kintp(J, sz));
      ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), idx, ptr);
    }
  } else if (tref_iscdata(idx)) {
    GCcdata *cdk = cdataV(&rd->argv[1]);
    CType *ctk = ctype_raw(cts, cdk->ctypeid);
    IRType t = crec_ct2irt(cts, ctk);
    if (ctype_ispointer(ct->info) && t >= IRT_I8 && t <= IRT_U64) {
      if (ctk->size == 8) {
        idx = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, t), idx, IRFL_CDATA_INT64);
      } else if (ctk->size == 4) {
        idx = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, t), idx, IRFL_CDATA_INT);
      } else {
        idx = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), idx,
                     lj_ir_kintp(J, sizeof(GCcdata)));
        idx = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, t), idx, 0);
      }
      if (LJ_64 && ctk->size < sizeof(intptr_t) && !(ctk->info & CTF_UNSIGNED))
        idx = emitconv(idx, IRT_INTP, IRT_INT, IRCONV_SEXT);
      if (!LJ_64 && ctk->size > sizeof(intptr_t)) {
        idx = emitconv(idx, IRT_INTP, t, 0);
        lj_needsplit(J);
      }
      goto integer_key;
    }
  } else if (tref_isstr(idx)) {
    GCstr *name = strV(&rd->argv[1]);
    if (cd && cd->ctypeid == CTID_CTYPEID)
      ct = ctype_raw(cts, crec_constructor(J, cd, ptr));
    if (ctype_isstruct(ct->info)) {
      CTSize fofs;
      CType *fct;
      fct = lj_ctype_getfield(cts, ct, name, &fofs);
      if (fct) {
        ofs += (ptrdiff_t)fofs;
        /* Always specialize to the field name. */
        emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_STR), idx, lj_ir_kstr(J, name));
        if (ctype_isconstval(fct->info)) {
          if (fct->size >= 0x80000000u &&
              (ctype_child(cts, fct)->info & CTF_UNSIGNED)) {
            J->base[0] = lj_ir_knum(J, (lua_Number)(uint32_t)fct->size);
            return;
          }
          J->base[0] = lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)fct->size);
          return;  /* Interpreter will throw for newindex. */
        } else if (ctype_isbitfield(fct->info)) {
          if (ofs)
            ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), ptr, lj_ir_kintp(J, ofs));
          crec_index_bf(J, rd, ptr, fct->info);
          return;
        } else {
          lua_assert(ctype_isfield(fct->info));
          sid = ctype_cid(fct->info);
        }
      }
    } else if (ctype_iscomplex(ct->info)) {
      if (name->len == 2 &&
          ((strdata(name)[0] == 'r' && strdata(name)[1] == 'e') ||
           (strdata(name)[0] == 'i' && strdata(name)[1] == 'm'))) {
        /* Always specialize to the field name. */
        emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_STR), idx, lj_ir_kstr(J, name));
        if (strdata(name)[0] == 'i') ofs += (ct->size >> 1);
        sid = ctype_cid(ct->info);
      }
    }
  }
  if (!sid) {
    if (ctype_isptr(ct->info)) {  /* Automatically perform '->'. */
      CType *cct = ctype_rawchild(cts, ct);
      if (ctype_isstruct(cct->info)) {
        ct = cct;
        cd = NULL;
        if (tref_isstr(idx)) goto again;
      }
    }
    crec_index_meta(J, cts, ct, rd);
    return;
  }

  if (ofs)
    ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), ptr, lj_ir_kintp(J, ofs));

  /* Resolve reference for field. */
  ct = ctype_get(cts, sid);
  if (ctype_isref(ct->info)) {
    ptr = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, IRT_PTR), ptr, 0);
    sid = ctype_cid(ct->info);
    ct = ctype_get(cts, sid);
  }

  while (ctype_isattrib(ct->info))
    ct = ctype_child(cts, ct);  /* Skip attributes. */

  if (rd->data == 0) {  /* __index metamethod. */
    J->base[0] = crec_tv_ct(J, ct, sid, ptr);
  } else {  /* __newindex metamethod. */
    rd->nres = 0;
    J->needsnap = 1;
    crec_ct_tv(J, ct, ptr, J->base[2], &rd->argv[2]);
  }
}

/* Record setting a finalizer. */
static void crec_finalizer(jit_State *J, TRef trcd, TRef trfin, cTValue *fin)
{
  if (tvisgcv(fin)) {
    if (!trfin) trfin = lj_ir_kptr(J, gcval(fin));
  } else if (tvisnil(fin)) {
    trfin = lj_ir_kptr(J, NULL);
  } else {
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
  }
  lj_ir_call(J, IRCALL_lj_cdata_setfin, trcd,
             trfin, lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)itype(fin)));
  J->needsnap = 1;
}

/* Record cdata allocation. */
static void crec_alloc(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd, CTypeID id)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  CTSize sz;
  CTInfo info = lj_ctype_info(cts, id, &sz);
  CType *d = ctype_raw(cts, id);
  TRef trcd, trid = lj_ir_kint(J, id);
  cTValue *fin;
  /* Use special instruction to box pointer or 32/64 bit integer. */
  if (ctype_isptr(info) || (ctype_isinteger(info) && (sz == 4 || sz == 8))) {
    TRef sp = J->base[1] ? crec_ct_tv(J, d, 0, J->base[1], &rd->argv[1]) :
              ctype_isptr(info) ? lj_ir_kptr(J, NULL) :
              sz == 4 ? lj_ir_kint(J, 0) :
              (lj_needsplit(J), lj_ir_kint64(J, 0));
    J->base[0] = emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEWI, IRT_CDATA), trid, sp);
    return;
  } else {
    TRef trsz = TREF_NIL;
    if ((info & CTF_VLA)) {  /* Calculate VLA/VLS size at runtime. */
      CTSize sz0, sz1;
      if (!J->base[1] || J->base[2])
        lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICONV);  /* NYI: init VLA/VLS. */
      trsz = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, CTID_INT32), 0,
                        J->base[1], &rd->argv[1]);
      sz0 = lj_ctype_vlsize(cts, d, 0);
      sz1 = lj_ctype_vlsize(cts, d, 1);
      trsz = emitir(IRTGI(IR_MULOV), trsz, lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)(sz1-sz0)));
      trsz = emitir(IRTGI(IR_ADDOV), trsz, lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)sz0));
      J->base[1] = 0;  /* Simplify logic below. */
    } else if (ctype_align(info) > CT_MEMALIGN) {
      trsz = lj_ir_kint(J, sz);
    }
    trcd = emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEW, IRT_CDATA), trid, trsz);
    if (sz > 128 || (info & CTF_VLA)) {
      TRef dp;
      CTSize align;
    special:  /* Only handle bulk zero-fill for large/VLA/VLS types. */
      if (J->base[1])
        lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICONV);  /* NYI: init large/VLA/VLS types. */
      dp = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), trcd, lj_ir_kintp(J, sizeof(GCcdata)));
      if (trsz == TREF_NIL) trsz = lj_ir_kint(J, sz);
      align = ctype_align(info);
      if (align < CT_MEMALIGN) align = CT_MEMALIGN;
      crec_fill(J, dp, trsz, lj_ir_kint(J, 0), (1u << align));
    } else if (J->base[1] && !J->base[2] &&
        !lj_cconv_multi_init(cts, d, &rd->argv[1])) {
      goto single_init;
    } else if (ctype_isarray(d->info)) {
      CType *dc = ctype_rawchild(cts, d);  /* Array element type. */
      CTSize ofs, esize = dc->size;
      TRef sp = 0;
      TValue tv;
      TValue *sval = &tv;
      MSize i;
      tv.u64 = 0;
      if (!(ctype_isnum(dc->info) || ctype_isptr(dc->info)) ||
          esize * CREC_FILL_MAXUNROLL < sz)
        goto special;
      for (i = 1, ofs = 0; ofs < sz; ofs += esize) {
        TRef dp = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), trcd,
                         lj_ir_kintp(J, ofs + sizeof(GCcdata)));
        if (J->base[i]) {
          sp = J->base[i];
          sval = &rd->argv[i];
          i++;
        } else if (i != 2) {
          sp = ctype_isnum(dc->info) ? lj_ir_kint(J, 0) : TREF_NIL;
        }
        crec_ct_tv(J, dc, dp, sp, sval);
      }
    } else if (ctype_isstruct(d->info)) {
      CTypeID fid;
      MSize i = 1;
      if (!J->base[1]) {  /* Handle zero-fill of struct-of-NYI. */
        fid = d->sib;
        while (fid) {
          CType *df = ctype_get(cts, fid);
          fid = df->sib;
          if (ctype_isfield(df->info)) {
            CType *dc;
            if (!gcref(df->name)) continue;  /* Ignore unnamed fields. */
            dc = ctype_rawchild(cts, df);  /* Field type. */
            if (!(ctype_isnum(dc->info) || ctype_isptr(dc->info) ||
                  ctype_isenum(dc->info)))
              goto special;
          } else if (!ctype_isconstval(df->info)) {
            goto special;
          }
        }
      }
      fid = d->sib;
      while (fid) {
        CType *df = ctype_get(cts, fid);
        fid = df->sib;
        if (ctype_isfield(df->info)) {
          CType *dc;
          TRef sp, dp;
          TValue tv;
          TValue *sval = &tv;
          setintV(&tv, 0);
          if (!gcref(df->name)) continue;  /* Ignore unnamed fields. */
          dc = ctype_rawchild(cts, df);  /* Field type. */
          if (!(ctype_isnum(dc->info) || ctype_isptr(dc->info) ||
                ctype_isenum(dc->info)))
            lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICONV);  /* NYI: init aggregates. */
          if (J->base[i]) {
            sp = J->base[i];
            sval = &rd->argv[i];
            i++;
          } else {
            sp = ctype_isptr(dc->info) ? TREF_NIL : lj_ir_kint(J, 0);
          }
          dp = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), trcd,
                      lj_ir_kintp(J, df->size + sizeof(GCcdata)));
          crec_ct_tv(J, dc, dp, sp, sval);
          if ((d->info & CTF_UNION)) {
            if (d->size != dc->size)  /* NYI: partial init of union. */
              lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICONV);
            break;
          }
        } else if (!ctype_isconstval(df->info)) {
          /* NYI: init bitfields and sub-structures. */
          lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICONV);
        }
      }
    } else {
      TRef dp;
    single_init:
      dp = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), trcd, lj_ir_kintp(J, sizeof(GCcdata)));
      if (J->base[1]) {
        crec_ct_tv(J, d, dp, J->base[1], &rd->argv[1]);
      } else {
        TValue tv;
        tv.u64 = 0;
        crec_ct_tv(J, d, dp, lj_ir_kint(J, 0), &tv);
      }
    }
  }
  J->base[0] = trcd;
  /* Handle __gc metamethod. */
  fin = lj_ctype_meta(cts, id, MM_gc);
  if (fin)
    crec_finalizer(J, trcd, 0, fin);
}

/* Record argument conversions. */
static TRef crec_call_args(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd,
                           CTState *cts, CType *ct)
{
  TRef args[CCI_NARGS_MAX];
  CTypeID fid;
  MSize i, n;
  TRef tr, *base;
  cTValue *o;
#if LJ_TARGET_X86
#if LJ_ABI_WIN
  TRef *arg0 = NULL, *arg1 = NULL;
#endif
  int ngpr = 0;
  if (ctype_cconv(ct->info) == CTCC_THISCALL)
    ngpr = 1;
  else if (ctype_cconv(ct->info) == CTCC_FASTCALL)
    ngpr = 2;
#endif

  /* Skip initial attributes. */
  fid = ct->sib;
  while (fid) {
    CType *ctf = ctype_get(cts, fid);
    if (!ctype_isattrib(ctf->info)) break;
    fid = ctf->sib;
  }
  args[0] = TREF_NIL;
  for (n = 0, base = J->base+1, o = rd->argv+1; *base; n++, base++, o++) {
    CTypeID did;
    CType *d;

    if (n >= CCI_NARGS_MAX)
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICALL);

    if (fid) {  /* Get argument type from field. */
      CType *ctf = ctype_get(cts, fid);
      fid = ctf->sib;
      lua_assert(ctype_isfield(ctf->info));
      did = ctype_cid(ctf->info);
    } else {
      if (!(ct->info & CTF_VARARG))
        lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICALL);  /* Too many arguments. */
      did = lj_ccall_ctid_vararg(cts, o);  /* Infer vararg type. */
    }
    d = ctype_raw(cts, did);
    if (!(ctype_isnum(d->info) || ctype_isptr(d->info) ||
          ctype_isenum(d->info)))
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICALL);
    tr = crec_ct_tv(J, d, 0, *base, o);
    if (ctype_isinteger_or_bool(d->info)) {
      if (d->size < 4) {
        if ((d->info & CTF_UNSIGNED))
          tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_INT, d->size==1 ? IRT_U8 : IRT_U16, 0);
        else
          tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_INT, d->size==1 ? IRT_I8 : IRT_I16,IRCONV_SEXT);
      }
    } else if (LJ_SOFTFP && ctype_isfp(d->info) && d->size > 4) {
      lj_needsplit(J);
    }
#if LJ_TARGET_X86
    /* 64 bit args must not end up in registers for fastcall/thiscall. */
#if LJ_ABI_WIN
    if (!ctype_isfp(d->info)) {
      /* Sigh, the Windows/x86 ABI allows reordering across 64 bit args. */
      if (tref_typerange(tr, IRT_I64, IRT_U64)) {
        if (ngpr) {
          arg0 = &args[n]; args[n++] = TREF_NIL; ngpr--;
          if (ngpr) {
            arg1 = &args[n]; args[n++] = TREF_NIL; ngpr--;
          }
        }
      } else {
        if (arg0) { *arg0 = tr; arg0 = NULL; n--; continue; }
        if (arg1) { *arg1 = tr; arg1 = NULL; n--; continue; }
        if (ngpr) ngpr--;
      }
    }
#else
    if (!ctype_isfp(d->info) && ngpr) {
      if (tref_typerange(tr, IRT_I64, IRT_U64)) {
        /* No reordering for other x86 ABIs. Simply add alignment args. */
        do { args[n++] = TREF_NIL; } while (--ngpr);
      } else {
        ngpr--;
      }
    }
#endif
#endif
    args[n] = tr;
  }
  tr = args[0];
  for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
    tr = emitir(IRT(IR_CARG, IRT_NIL), tr, args[i]);
  return tr;
}

/* Create a snapshot for the caller, simulating a 'false' return value. */
static void crec_snap_caller(jit_State *J)
{
  lua_State *L = J->L;
  TValue *base = L->base, *top = L->top;
  const BCIns *pc = J->pc;
  TRef ftr = J->base[-1-LJ_FR2];
  ptrdiff_t delta;
  if (!frame_islua(base-1) || J->framedepth <= 0)
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICALL);
  J->pc = frame_pc(base-1); delta = 1+LJ_FR2+bc_a(J->pc[-1]);
  L->top = base; L->base = base - delta;
  J->base[-1-LJ_FR2] = TREF_FALSE;
  J->base -= delta; J->baseslot -= (BCReg)delta;
  J->maxslot = (BCReg)delta-LJ_FR2; J->framedepth--;
  lj_snap_add(J);
  L->base = base; L->top = top;
  J->framedepth++; J->maxslot = 1;
  J->base += delta; J->baseslot += (BCReg)delta;
  J->base[-1-LJ_FR2] = ftr; J->pc = pc;
}

/* Record function call. */
static int crec_call(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd, GCcdata *cd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  CType *ct = ctype_raw(cts, cd->ctypeid);
  IRType tp = IRT_PTR;
  if (ctype_isptr(ct->info)) {
    tp = (LJ_64 && ct->size == 8) ? IRT_P64 : IRT_P32;
    ct = ctype_rawchild(cts, ct);
  }
  if (ctype_isfunc(ct->info)) {
    TRef func = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, tp), J->base[0], IRFL_CDATA_PTR);
    CType *ctr = ctype_rawchild(cts, ct);
    IRType t = crec_ct2irt(cts, ctr);
    TRef tr;
    TValue tv;
    /* Check for blacklisted C functions that might call a callback. */
    tv.u64 = ((uintptr_t)cdata_getptr(cdataptr(cd), (LJ_64 && tp == IRT_P64) ? 8 : 4) >> 2) | U64x(800000000, 00000000);
    if (tvistrue(lj_tab_get(J->L, cts->miscmap, &tv)))
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BLACKL);
    if (ctype_isvoid(ctr->info)) {
      t = IRT_NIL;
      rd->nres = 0;
    } else if (!(ctype_isnum(ctr->info) || ctype_isptr(ctr->info) ||
                 ctype_isenum(ctr->info)) || t == IRT_CDATA) {
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICALL);
    }
    if ((ct->info & CTF_VARARG)
#if LJ_TARGET_X86
        || ctype_cconv(ct->info) != CTCC_CDECL
#endif
        )
      func = emitir(IRT(IR_CARG, IRT_NIL), func,
                    lj_ir_kint(J, ctype_typeid(cts, ct)));
    tr = emitir(IRT(IR_CALLXS, t), crec_call_args(J, rd, cts, ct), func);
    if (ctype_isbool(ctr->info)) {
      if (frame_islua(J->L->base-1) && bc_b(frame_pc(J->L->base-1)[-1]) == 1) {
        /* Don't check result if ignored. */
        tr = TREF_NIL;
      } else {
        crec_snap_caller(J);
#if LJ_TARGET_X86ORX64
        /* Note: only the x86/x64 backend supports U8 and only for EQ(tr, 0). */
        lj_ir_set(J, IRTG(IR_NE, IRT_U8), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, 0));
#else
        lj_ir_set(J, IRTGI(IR_NE), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, 0));
#endif
        J->postproc = LJ_POST_FIXGUARDSNAP;
        tr = TREF_TRUE;
      }
    } else if (t == IRT_PTR || (LJ_64 && t == IRT_P32) ||
               t == IRT_I64 || t == IRT_U64 || ctype_isenum(ctr->info)) {
      TRef trid = lj_ir_kint(J, ctype_cid(ct->info));
      tr = emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEWI, IRT_CDATA), trid, tr);
      if (t == IRT_I64 || t == IRT_U64) lj_needsplit(J);
    } else if (t == IRT_FLOAT || t == IRT_U32) {
      tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_NUM, t, 0);
    } else if (t == IRT_I8 || t == IRT_I16) {
      tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_INT, t, IRCONV_SEXT);
    } else if (t == IRT_U8 || t == IRT_U16) {
      tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_INT, t, 0);
    }
    J->base[0] = tr;
    J->needsnap = 1;
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_cdata_call(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  GCcdata *cd = argv2cdata(J, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
  CTypeID id = cd->ctypeid;
  CType *ct;
  cTValue *tv;
  MMS mm = MM_call;
  if (id == CTID_CTYPEID) {
    id = crec_constructor(J, cd, J->base[0]);
    mm = MM_new;
  } else if (crec_call(J, rd, cd)) {
    return;
  }
  /* Record ctype __call/__new metamethod. */
  ct = ctype_raw(cts, id);
  tv = lj_ctype_meta(cts, ctype_isptr(ct->info) ? ctype_cid(ct->info) : id, mm);
  if (tv) {
    if (tvisfunc(tv)) {
      crec_tailcall(J, rd, tv);
      return;
    }
  } else if (mm == MM_new) {
    crec_alloc(J, rd, id);
    return;
  }
  /* No metamethod or NYI: non-function metamethods. */
  lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
}

static TRef crec_arith_int64(jit_State *J, TRef *sp, CType **s, MMS mm)
{
  if (sp[0] && sp[1] && ctype_isnum(s[0]->info) && ctype_isnum(s[1]->info)) {
    IRType dt;
    CTypeID id;
    TRef tr;
    MSize i;
    IROp op;
    lj_needsplit(J);
    if (((s[0]->info & CTF_UNSIGNED) && s[0]->size == 8) ||
        ((s[1]->info & CTF_UNSIGNED) && s[1]->size == 8)) {
      dt = IRT_U64; id = CTID_UINT64;
    } else {
      dt = IRT_I64; id = CTID_INT64;
      if (mm < MM_add &&
          !((s[0]->info | s[1]->info) & CTF_FP) &&
          s[0]->size == 4 && s[1]->size == 4) {  /* Try to narrow comparison. */
        if (!((s[0]->info ^ s[1]->info) & CTF_UNSIGNED) ||
            (tref_isk(sp[1]) && IR(tref_ref(sp[1]))->i >= 0)) {
          dt = (s[0]->info & CTF_UNSIGNED) ? IRT_U32 : IRT_INT;
          goto comp;
        } else if (tref_isk(sp[0]) && IR(tref_ref(sp[0]))->i >= 0) {
          dt = (s[1]->info & CTF_UNSIGNED) ? IRT_U32 : IRT_INT;
          goto comp;
        }
      }
    }
    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
      IRType st = tref_type(sp[i]);
      if (st == IRT_NUM || st == IRT_FLOAT)
        sp[i] = emitconv(sp[i], dt, st, IRCONV_ANY);
      else if (!(st == IRT_I64 || st == IRT_U64))
        sp[i] = emitconv(sp[i], dt, IRT_INT,
                         (s[i]->info & CTF_UNSIGNED) ? 0 : IRCONV_SEXT);
    }
    if (mm < MM_add) {
    comp:
      /* Assume true comparison. Fixup and emit pending guard later. */
      if (mm == MM_eq) {
        op = IR_EQ;
      } else {
        op = mm == MM_lt ? IR_LT : IR_LE;
        if (dt == IRT_U32 || dt == IRT_U64)
          op += (IR_ULT-IR_LT);
      }
      lj_ir_set(J, IRTG(op, dt), sp[0], sp[1]);
      J->postproc = LJ_POST_FIXGUARD;
      return TREF_TRUE;
    } else {
      tr = emitir(IRT(mm+(int)IR_ADD-(int)MM_add, dt), sp[0], sp[1]);
    }
    return emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEWI, IRT_CDATA), lj_ir_kint(J, id), tr);
  }
  return 0;
}

static TRef crec_arith_ptr(jit_State *J, TRef *sp, CType **s, MMS mm)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  CType *ctp = s[0];
  if (!(sp[0] && sp[1])) return 0;
  if (ctype_isptr(ctp->info) || ctype_isrefarray(ctp->info)) {
    if ((mm == MM_sub || mm == MM_eq || mm == MM_lt || mm == MM_le) &&
        (ctype_isptr(s[1]->info) || ctype_isrefarray(s[1]->info))) {
      if (mm == MM_sub) {  /* Pointer difference. */
        TRef tr;
        CTSize sz = lj_ctype_size(cts, ctype_cid(ctp->info));
        if (sz == 0 || (sz & (sz-1)) != 0)
          return 0;  /* NYI: integer division. */
        tr = emitir(IRT(IR_SUB, IRT_INTP), sp[0], sp[1]);
        tr = emitir(IRT(IR_BSAR, IRT_INTP), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, lj_fls(sz)));
#if LJ_64
        tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_NUM, IRT_INTP, 0);
#endif
        return tr;
      } else {  /* Pointer comparison (unsigned). */
        /* Assume true comparison. Fixup and emit pending guard later. */
        IROp op = mm == MM_eq ? IR_EQ : mm == MM_lt ? IR_ULT : IR_ULE;
        lj_ir_set(J, IRTG(op, IRT_PTR), sp[0], sp[1]);
        J->postproc = LJ_POST_FIXGUARD;
        return TREF_TRUE;
      }
    }
    if (!((mm == MM_add || mm == MM_sub) && ctype_isnum(s[1]->info)))
      return 0;
  } else if (mm == MM_add && ctype_isnum(ctp->info) &&
             (ctype_isptr(s[1]->info) || ctype_isrefarray(s[1]->info))) {
    TRef tr = sp[0]; sp[0] = sp[1]; sp[1] = tr;  /* Swap pointer and index. */
    ctp = s[1];
  } else {
    return 0;
  }
  {
    TRef tr = sp[1];
    IRType t = tref_type(tr);
    CTSize sz = lj_ctype_size(cts, ctype_cid(ctp->info));
    CTypeID id;
#if LJ_64
    if (t == IRT_NUM || t == IRT_FLOAT)
      tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_INTP, t, IRCONV_ANY);
    else if (!(t == IRT_I64 || t == IRT_U64))
      tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_INTP, IRT_INT,
                    ((t - IRT_I8) & 1) ? 0 : IRCONV_SEXT);
#else
    if (!tref_typerange(sp[1], IRT_I8, IRT_U32)) {
      tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_INTP, t,
                    (t == IRT_NUM || t == IRT_FLOAT) ? IRCONV_ANY : 0);
    }
#endif
    tr = emitir(IRT(IR_MUL, IRT_INTP), tr, lj_ir_kintp(J, sz));
    tr = emitir(IRT(mm+(int)IR_ADD-(int)MM_add, IRT_PTR), sp[0], tr);
    id = lj_ctype_intern(cts, CTINFO(CT_PTR, CTALIGN_PTR|ctype_cid(ctp->info)),
                         CTSIZE_PTR);
    return emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEWI, IRT_CDATA), lj_ir_kint(J, id), tr);
  }
}

/* Record ctype arithmetic metamethods. */
static TRef crec_arith_meta(jit_State *J, TRef *sp, CType **s, CTState *cts,
                            RecordFFData *rd)
{
  cTValue *tv = NULL;
  if (J->base[0]) {
    if (tviscdata(&rd->argv[0])) {
      CTypeID id = argv2cdata(J, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0])->ctypeid;
      CType *ct = ctype_raw(cts, id);
      if (ctype_isptr(ct->info)) id = ctype_cid(ct->info);
      tv = lj_ctype_meta(cts, id, (MMS)rd->data);
    }
    if (!tv && J->base[1] && tviscdata(&rd->argv[1])) {
      CTypeID id = argv2cdata(J, J->base[1], &rd->argv[1])->ctypeid;
      CType *ct = ctype_raw(cts, id);
      if (ctype_isptr(ct->info)) id = ctype_cid(ct->info);
      tv = lj_ctype_meta(cts, id, (MMS)rd->data);
    }
  }
  if (tv) {
    if (tvisfunc(tv)) {
      crec_tailcall(J, rd, tv);
      return 0;
    }  /* NYI: non-function metamethods. */
  } else if ((MMS)rd->data == MM_eq) {  /* Fallback cdata pointer comparison. */
    if (sp[0] && sp[1] && ctype_isnum(s[0]->info) == ctype_isnum(s[1]->info)) {
      /* Assume true comparison. Fixup and emit pending guard later. */
      lj_ir_set(J, IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_PTR), sp[0], sp[1]);
      J->postproc = LJ_POST_FIXGUARD;
      return TREF_TRUE;
    } else {
      return TREF_FALSE;
    }
  }
  lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
  return 0;
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_cdata_arith(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  TRef sp[2];
  CType *s[2];
  MSize i;
  for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
    TRef tr = J->base[i];
    CType *ct = ctype_get(cts, CTID_DOUBLE);
    if (!tr) {
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
    } else if (tref_iscdata(tr)) {
      CTypeID id = argv2cdata(J, tr, &rd->argv[i])->ctypeid;
      IRType t;
      ct = ctype_raw(cts, id);
      t = crec_ct2irt(cts, ct);
      if (ctype_isptr(ct->info)) {  /* Resolve pointer or reference. */
        tr = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, t), tr, IRFL_CDATA_PTR);
        if (ctype_isref(ct->info)) {
          ct = ctype_rawchild(cts, ct);
          t = crec_ct2irt(cts, ct);
        }
      } else if (t == IRT_I64 || t == IRT_U64) {
        tr = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, t), tr, IRFL_CDATA_INT64);
        lj_needsplit(J);
        goto ok;
      } else if (t == IRT_INT || t == IRT_U32) {
        tr = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, t), tr, IRFL_CDATA_INT);
        if (ctype_isenum(ct->info)) ct = ctype_child(cts, ct);
        goto ok;
      } else if (ctype_isfunc(ct->info)) {
        tr = emitir(IRT(IR_FLOAD, IRT_PTR), tr, IRFL_CDATA_PTR);
        ct = ctype_get(cts,
          lj_ctype_intern(cts, CTINFO(CT_PTR, CTALIGN_PTR|id), CTSIZE_PTR));
        goto ok;
      } else {
        tr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), tr, lj_ir_kintp(J, sizeof(GCcdata)));
      }
      if (ctype_isenum(ct->info)) ct = ctype_child(cts, ct);
      if (ctype_isnum(ct->info)) {
        if (t == IRT_CDATA) {
          tr = 0;
        } else {
          if (t == IRT_I64 || t == IRT_U64) lj_needsplit(J);
          tr = emitir(IRT(IR_XLOAD, t), tr, 0);
        }
      }
    } else if (tref_isnil(tr)) {
      tr = lj_ir_kptr(J, NULL);
      ct = ctype_get(cts, CTID_P_VOID);
    } else if (tref_isinteger(tr)) {
      ct = ctype_get(cts, CTID_INT32);
    } else if (tref_isstr(tr)) {
      TRef tr2 = J->base[1-i];
      CTypeID id = argv2cdata(J, tr2, &rd->argv[1-i])->ctypeid;
      ct = ctype_raw(cts, id);
      if (ctype_isenum(ct->info)) {  /* Match string against enum constant. */
        GCstr *str = strV(&rd->argv[i]);
        CTSize ofs;
        CType *cct = lj_ctype_getfield(cts, ct, str, &ofs);
        if (cct && ctype_isconstval(cct->info)) {
          /* Specialize to the name of the enum constant. */
          emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_STR), tr, lj_ir_kstr(J, str));
          ct = ctype_child(cts, cct);
          tr = lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)ofs);
        } else {  /* Interpreter will throw or return false. */
          ct = ctype_get(cts, CTID_P_VOID);
        }
      } else if (ctype_isptr(ct->info)) {
        tr = emitir(IRT(IR_ADD, IRT_PTR), tr, lj_ir_kintp(J, sizeof(GCstr)));
      } else {
        ct = ctype_get(cts, CTID_P_VOID);
      }
    } else if (!tref_isnum(tr)) {
      tr = 0;
      ct = ctype_get(cts, CTID_P_VOID);
    }
  ok:
    s[i] = ct;
    sp[i] = tr;
  }
  {
    TRef tr;
    MMS mm = (MMS)rd->data;
    if ((mm == MM_len || mm == MM_concat ||
         (!(tr = crec_arith_int64(J, sp, s, mm)) &&
          !(tr = crec_arith_ptr(J, sp, s, mm)))) &&
        !(tr = crec_arith_meta(J, sp, s, cts, rd)))
      return;
    J->base[0] = tr;
    /* Fixup cdata comparisons, too. Avoids some cdata escapes. */
    if (J->postproc == LJ_POST_FIXGUARD && frame_iscont(J->L->base-1) &&
        !irt_isguard(J->guardemit)) {
      const BCIns *pc = frame_contpc(J->L->base-1) - 1;
      if (bc_op(*pc) <= BC_ISNEP) {
        J2G(J)->tmptv.u64 = (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)pc;
        J->postproc = LJ_POST_FIXCOMP;
      }
    }
  }
}

/* -- C library namespace metamethods ------------------------------------- */

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_clib_index(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  if (tref_isudata(J->base[0]) && tref_isstr(J->base[1]) &&
      udataV(&rd->argv[0])->udtype == UDTYPE_FFI_CLIB) {
    CLibrary *cl = (CLibrary *)uddata(udataV(&rd->argv[0]));
    GCstr *name = strV(&rd->argv[1]);
    CType *ct;
    CTypeID id = lj_ctype_getname(cts, &ct, name, CLNS_INDEX);
    cTValue *tv = lj_tab_getstr(cl->cache, name);
    rd->nres = rd->data;
    if (id && tv && !tvisnil(tv)) {
      /* Specialize to the symbol name and make the result a constant. */
      emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_STR), J->base[1], lj_ir_kstr(J, name));
      if (ctype_isconstval(ct->info)) {
        if (ct->size >= 0x80000000u &&
            (ctype_child(cts, ct)->info & CTF_UNSIGNED))
          J->base[0] = lj_ir_knum(J, (lua_Number)(uint32_t)ct->size);
        else
          J->base[0] = lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)ct->size);
      } else if (ctype_isextern(ct->info)) {
        CTypeID sid = ctype_cid(ct->info);
        void *sp = *(void **)cdataptr(cdataV(tv));
        TRef ptr;
        ct = ctype_raw(cts, sid);
        if (LJ_64 && !checkptr32(sp))
          ptr = lj_ir_kintp(J, (uintptr_t)sp);
        else
          ptr = lj_ir_kptr(J, sp);
        if (rd->data) {
          J->base[0] = crec_tv_ct(J, ct, sid, ptr);
        } else {
          J->needsnap = 1;
          crec_ct_tv(J, ct, ptr, J->base[2], &rd->argv[2]);
        }
      } else {
        J->base[0] = lj_ir_kgc(J, obj2gco(cdataV(tv)), IRT_CDATA);
      }
    } else {
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NOCACHE);
    }
  }  /* else: interpreter will throw. */
}

/* -- FFI library functions ----------------------------------------------- */

static TRef crec_toint(jit_State *J, CTState *cts, TRef sp, TValue *sval)
{
  return crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, CTID_INT32), 0, sp, sval);
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_ffi_new(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  crec_alloc(J, rd, argv2ctype(J, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]));
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_ffi_errno(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  UNUSED(rd);
  if (J->base[0])
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_NYICALL);
  J->base[0] = lj_ir_call(J, IRCALL_lj_vm_errno);
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_ffi_string(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  TRef tr = J->base[0];
  if (tr) {
    TRef trlen = J->base[1];
    if (!tref_isnil(trlen)) {
      trlen = crec_toint(J, cts, trlen, &rd->argv[1]);
      tr = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, CTID_P_CVOID), 0, tr, &rd->argv[0]);
    } else {
      tr = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, CTID_P_CCHAR), 0, tr, &rd->argv[0]);
      trlen = lj_ir_call(J, IRCALL_strlen, tr);
    }
    J->base[0] = emitir(IRT(IR_XSNEW, IRT_STR), tr, trlen);
  }  /* else: interpreter will throw. */
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_ffi_copy(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  TRef trdst = J->base[0], trsrc = J->base[1], trlen = J->base[2];
  if (trdst && trsrc && (trlen || tref_isstr(trsrc))) {
    trdst = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, CTID_P_VOID), 0, trdst, &rd->argv[0]);
    trsrc = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, CTID_P_CVOID), 0, trsrc, &rd->argv[1]);
    if (trlen) {
      trlen = crec_toint(J, cts, trlen, &rd->argv[2]);
    } else {
      trlen = emitir(IRTI(IR_FLOAD), J->base[1], IRFL_STR_LEN);
      trlen = emitir(IRTI(IR_ADD), trlen, lj_ir_kint(J, 1));
    }
    rd->nres = 0;
    crec_copy(J, trdst, trsrc, trlen, NULL);
  }  /* else: interpreter will throw. */
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_ffi_fill(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  TRef trdst = J->base[0], trlen = J->base[1], trfill = J->base[2];
  if (trdst && trlen) {
    CTSize step = 1;
    if (tviscdata(&rd->argv[0])) {  /* Get alignment of original destination. */
      CTSize sz;
      CType *ct = ctype_raw(cts, cdataV(&rd->argv[0])->ctypeid);
      if (ctype_isptr(ct->info))
        ct = ctype_rawchild(cts, ct);
      step = (1u<<ctype_align(lj_ctype_info(cts, ctype_typeid(cts, ct), &sz)));
    }
    trdst = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, CTID_P_VOID), 0, trdst, &rd->argv[0]);
    trlen = crec_toint(J, cts, trlen, &rd->argv[1]);
    if (trfill)
      trfill = crec_toint(J, cts, trfill, &rd->argv[2]);
    else
      trfill = lj_ir_kint(J, 0);
    rd->nres = 0;
    crec_fill(J, trdst, trlen, trfill, step);
  }  /* else: interpreter will throw. */
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_ffi_typeof(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  if (tref_iscdata(J->base[0])) {
    TRef trid = lj_ir_kint(J, argv2ctype(J, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]));
    J->base[0] = emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEWI, IRT_CDATA),
                        lj_ir_kint(J, CTID_CTYPEID), trid);
  } else {
    setfuncV(J->L, &J->errinfo, J->fn);
    lj_trace_err_info(J, LJ_TRERR_NYIFFU);
  }
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_ffi_istype(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  argv2ctype(J, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
  if (tref_iscdata(J->base[1])) {
    argv2ctype(J, J->base[1], &rd->argv[1]);
    J->postproc = LJ_POST_FIXBOOL;
    J->base[0] = TREF_TRUE;
  } else {
    J->base[0] = TREF_FALSE;
  }
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_ffi_abi(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  if (tref_isstr(J->base[0])) {
    /* Specialize to the ABI string to make the boolean result a constant. */
    emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_STR), J->base[0], lj_ir_kstr(J, strV(&rd->argv[0])));
    J->postproc = LJ_POST_FIXBOOL;
    J->base[0] = TREF_TRUE;
  } else {
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
  }
}

/* Record ffi.sizeof(), ffi.alignof(), ffi.offsetof(). */
void LJ_FASTCALL recff_ffi_xof(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTypeID id = argv2ctype(J, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
  if (rd->data == FF_ffi_sizeof) {
    CType *ct = lj_ctype_rawref(ctype_ctsG(J2G(J)), id);
    if (ctype_isvltype(ct->info))
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
  } else if (rd->data == FF_ffi_offsetof) {  /* Specialize to the field name. */
    if (!tref_isstr(J->base[1]))
      lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
    emitir(IRTG(IR_EQ, IRT_STR), J->base[1], lj_ir_kstr(J, strV(&rd->argv[1])));
    rd->nres = 3;  /* Just in case. */
  }
  J->postproc = LJ_POST_FIXCONST;
  J->base[0] = J->base[1] = J->base[2] = TREF_NIL;
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_ffi_gc(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  argv2cdata(J, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
  if (!J->base[1])
    lj_trace_err(J, LJ_TRERR_BADTYPE);
  crec_finalizer(J, J->base[0], J->base[1], &rd->argv[1]);
}

/* -- 64 bit bit.* library functions -------------------------------------- */

/* Determine bit operation type from argument type. */
static CTypeID crec_bit64_type(CTState *cts, cTValue *tv)
{
  if (tviscdata(tv)) {
    CType *ct = lj_ctype_rawref(cts, cdataV(tv)->ctypeid);
    if (ctype_isenum(ct->info)) ct = ctype_child(cts, ct);
    if ((ct->info & (CTMASK_NUM|CTF_BOOL|CTF_FP|CTF_UNSIGNED)) ==
        CTINFO(CT_NUM, CTF_UNSIGNED) && ct->size == 8)
      return CTID_UINT64;  /* Use uint64_t, since it has the highest rank. */
    return CTID_INT64;  /* Otherwise use int64_t. */
  }
  return 0;  /* Use regular 32 bit ops. */
}

void LJ_FASTCALL recff_bit64_tobit(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  TRef tr = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, CTID_INT64), 0,
                       J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
  if (!tref_isinteger(tr))
    tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_INT, tref_type(tr), 0);
  J->base[0] = tr;
}

int LJ_FASTCALL recff_bit64_unary(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  CTypeID id = crec_bit64_type(cts, &rd->argv[0]);
  if (id) {
    TRef tr = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, id), 0, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
    tr = emitir(IRT(rd->data, id-CTID_INT64+IRT_I64), tr, 0);
    J->base[0] = emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEWI, IRT_CDATA), lj_ir_kint(J, id), tr);
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

int LJ_FASTCALL recff_bit64_nary(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  CTypeID id = 0;
  MSize i;
  for (i = 0; J->base[i] != 0; i++) {
    CTypeID aid = crec_bit64_type(cts, &rd->argv[i]);
    if (id < aid) id = aid;  /* Determine highest type rank of all arguments. */
  }
  if (id) {
    CType *ct = ctype_get(cts, id);
    uint32_t ot = IRT(rd->data, id-CTID_INT64+IRT_I64);
    TRef tr = crec_ct_tv(J, ct, 0, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
    for (i = 1; J->base[i] != 0; i++) {
      TRef tr2 = crec_ct_tv(J, ct, 0, J->base[i], &rd->argv[i]);
      tr = emitir(ot, tr, tr2);
    }
    J->base[0] = emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEWI, IRT_CDATA), lj_ir_kint(J, id), tr);
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

int LJ_FASTCALL recff_bit64_shift(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  CTypeID id;
  TRef tsh = 0;
  if (J->base[0] && tref_iscdata(J->base[1])) {
    tsh = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, CTID_INT64), 0,
                     J->base[1], &rd->argv[1]);
    if (!tref_isinteger(tsh))
      tsh = emitconv(tsh, IRT_INT, tref_type(tsh), 0);
    J->base[1] = tsh;
  }
  id = crec_bit64_type(cts, &rd->argv[0]);
  if (id) {
    TRef tr = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, id), 0, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
    uint32_t op = rd->data;
    if (!tsh) tsh = lj_opt_narrow_tobit(J, J->base[1]);
    if (!(op < IR_BROL ? LJ_TARGET_MASKSHIFT : LJ_TARGET_MASKROT) &&
        !tref_isk(tsh))
      tsh = emitir(IRTI(IR_BAND), tsh, lj_ir_kint(J, 63));
#ifdef LJ_TARGET_UNIFYROT
      if (op == (LJ_TARGET_UNIFYROT == 1 ? IR_BROR : IR_BROL)) {
        op = LJ_TARGET_UNIFYROT == 1 ? IR_BROL : IR_BROR;
        tsh = emitir(IRTI(IR_NEG), tsh, tsh);
      }
#endif
    tr = emitir(IRT(op, id-CTID_INT64+IRT_I64), tr, tsh);
    J->base[0] = emitir(IRTG(IR_CNEWI, IRT_CDATA), lj_ir_kint(J, id), tr);
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

TRef recff_bit64_tohex(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd, TRef hdr)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  CTypeID id = crec_bit64_type(cts, &rd->argv[0]);
  TRef tr, trsf = J->base[1];
  SFormat sf = (STRFMT_UINT|STRFMT_T_HEX);
  int32_t n;
  if (trsf) {
    CTypeID id2 = 0;
    n = (int32_t)lj_carith_check64(J->L, 2, &id2);
    if (id2)
      trsf = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, CTID_INT32), 0, trsf, &rd->argv[1]);
    else
      trsf = lj_opt_narrow_tobit(J, trsf);
    emitir(IRTGI(IR_EQ), trsf, lj_ir_kint(J, n));  /* Specialize to n. */
  } else {
    n = id ? 16 : 8;
  }
  if (n < 0) { n = -n; sf |= STRFMT_F_UPPER; }
  sf |= ((SFormat)((n+1)&255) << STRFMT_SH_PREC);
  if (id) {
    tr = crec_ct_tv(J, ctype_get(cts, id), 0, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
    if (n < 16)
      tr = emitir(IRT(IR_BAND, IRT_U64), tr,
                  lj_ir_kint64(J, ((uint64_t)1 << 4*n)-1));
  } else {
    tr = lj_opt_narrow_tobit(J, J->base[0]);
    if (n < 8)
      tr = emitir(IRTI(IR_BAND), tr, lj_ir_kint(J, (int32_t)((1u << 4*n)-1)));
    tr = emitconv(tr, IRT_U64, IRT_INT, 0);  /* No sign-extension. */
    lj_needsplit(J);
  }
  return lj_ir_call(J, IRCALL_lj_strfmt_putfxint, hdr, lj_ir_kint(J, sf), tr);
}

/* -- Miscellaneous library functions ------------------------------------- */

void LJ_FASTCALL lj_crecord_tonumber(jit_State *J, RecordFFData *rd)
{
  CTState *cts = ctype_ctsG(J2G(J));
  CType *d, *ct = lj_ctype_rawref(cts, cdataV(&rd->argv[0])->ctypeid);
  if (ctype_isenum(ct->info)) ct = ctype_child(cts, ct);
  if (ctype_isnum(ct->info) || ctype_iscomplex(ct->info)) {
    if (ctype_isinteger_or_bool(ct->info) && ct->size <= 4 &&
        !(ct->size == 4 && (ct->info & CTF_UNSIGNED)))
      d = ctype_get(cts, CTID_INT32);
    else
      d = ctype_get(cts, CTID_DOUBLE);
    J->base[0] = crec_ct_tv(J, d, 0, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
  } else {
    /* Specialize to the ctype that couldn't be converted. */
    argv2cdata(J, J->base[0], &rd->argv[0]);
    J->base[0] = TREF_NIL;
  }
}

#undef IR
#undef emitir
#undef emitconv

#endif

tarantool / luajit / 5926974017

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